Solutions for organizing worn-out fabric in the city of Rudsar, a case study (central part)

Academic thesis for obtaining a master's degree

Field: Human Geography Major: Urban Planning

Abstract:

Urban wear and tear is one of the serious problems and unavoidable phenomena that urban management faces in all countries of the world. What is important is that urban wear and tear is not specific to a specific country or a specific city, but all cities and villages in the world are involved with it, but depending on the conditions, age, type of materials and the quality of construction of the cities, it has intensity and weakness. It is obvious that the construction standards, the time period defined for the useful life of the buildings, the quality and resistance of the materials, the support and encouragement policies of the government and the city management programs are the determining elements in the creation and expansion of worn-out structures and the control and renovation of buildings. A major part of the city of Rudsar is dilapidated due to its historical antiquity and a long residential history, and it is difficult to provide assistance during natural disasters. The original origin is the city of Rudsar. It was once the most suitable place to live in the city, but today, due to various social, cultural, economic and physical problems, it has lost its attraction and the place of residence of different groups of society or the social base and status has changed. This thesis, with the general objective of analyzing the solutions for organizing the worn-out fabric of the central part of Rodsar, intends to analyze the issues and problems of the fabric first and then provide solutions for organizing.  .

Descriptive and analytical research methods have been used in the preparation of this thesis. Descriptive methods have been used to investigate the current situation.

The method of collecting information in this research is in the form of library, documents, and field.

The population of Rudsar city is 37579 people and the population of Rudsar District 2, where the central part is located, is 14768 people. has been brought According to Morgan's standard table of the sample community, 306 questionnaires were filled in District 2 and the results were analyzed. SWOT model was used to measure the research findings, which shows that the value and price of land has an effect on the wear and tear of the existing structure of the study area, and the organization of the main street in the central part of the city (widening, etc.) will facilitate the role of tourists in it. And the hypotheses examined in the thesis are proven and confirmed. .

Key words: city texture, dilapidated, improvement, deterioration and renovation, central part, Rudsar city

Introduction

Most of the traditional cities or old neighborhoods are developed without design and over time. Organic tissues grow and develop according to necessity, and each urban neighborhood is based on different conditions, including geographical and climatic conditions, the existence of the primary religious, military, administrative, and economic core, the existence of communication axes (passages, crossings and rivers), social occasions and so on. They have started to exist and have continued to exist for many years. Cities usually take their life and identity from these initial cores and have mainly expanded around or along it. These primary nuclei, which mainly had a special place in the life of cities, generally after the industrialization era, especially in the current century, due to the growth of cities, they have become worn out and neglected, and they have lost their previous prestige in such a way that we are gradually witnessing the destruction and destruction of such spaces and residential areas. It is the gradual depreciation of old structures and settlements, which mostly do not have the same definitions and conditions, and there may be differences from one city to another and in different periods. Before dealing with the types of worn-out urban tissues, it is necessary to explain that wear and tear in problematic and old tissues has many consequences not only physically but also socially.In the past, because the old structures were established in places with high potential cultural, social and economic residential facilities; Therefore, high, medium and low income strata of the society lived there and over time and with the passage of years and wear and tear of the fabric, the strata with higher income migrated to other new parts of the city and mostly stayed in the area with low income and a percentage of the immigrants also settled in this type of fabric. Therefore, the concentration of almost low-income groups and newcomers and the migration of people who have lived in this place since the beginning and have found a more suitable economic base over time has caused the destruction of the population structure and created social harm for the residents of these structures, and they have mainly become a problem for the cities. It is a serious and unavoidable phenomenon that urban management faces in all countries of the world. What is important is that urban wear and tear is not specific to a specific country or a specific city, but all cities and villages in the world are involved with it, but depending on the conditions, age, type of materials and the quality of construction of the cities, it has intensity and weakness. It is obvious that the construction standards, the defined period of time for the useful life of the buildings, the quality and resistance of the materials, the support and encouragement policies of the government and the urban management programs are the determining elements in the creation and expansion of the worn-out structures and the control and renovation of the buildings. (Abutalebi, 1389, p. 3)

For more than a few decades, the old neighborhoods of the city in Iran have also been forgotten. Many of the traditional fabrics that were once the pride of the cities have been left to erode for more than fifty years. Almost all the population of these areas have been displaced and the historical, cultural and social heritage of different neighborhoods have either become extinct or are in the process of extinction. Only a few of the buildings, which are barely standing, have been remembered and are reminders of past architecture and urban planning. Although there have been sporadic movements in recent years in the improvement and restoration of valuable buildings, sensitivities have become less and less and a lot of mental immunity has been created among both the officials and the people. The comprehensive plans, special plans and regional rules have failed in the predicted goals. In the central areas and old neighborhoods of the cities, not only the transition from tradition to modernity has not been realized, but due to the stubborn resistance of these areas to the manifestations of modernity, practically no improvement and restoration has been done. As a result, the consequences of design and construction regulations have led to the increasing erosion of traditional fabrics as a big obstacle. (Rabi, 2012, p. 102)

The growth of the population of cities, the sudden increase in the pace of urbanization, the indiscriminate development of cities and the reduction of land for residence and services on the one hand, and the existence of dilapidated and inefficient fabrics in cities that residents are unable to modernize and improve due to lack of financial ability. On the other hand, it caused the planners to think of providing suitable solutions and programs to improve this texture. In addition to the optimal use of space, this will also lead to the prevention of excessive urban constructions on virgin land or agriculture around the city. (Zandavi, 1386, p. 3)

Rudsar city is the center of Rudsar city, which is located on the Kanara asphalt road and is located 74 km from Rasht city and 336 km from Tehran.  This city is limited to Shalman and Langrod from the west.   It is limited from the north to the Caspian Lake, from the west to Kalachai, and from the south to the ring road and agricultural lands, and it is almost in a linear shape.

In terms of the history of the city, it can be divided into three periods.

Part of the city was formed after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, and part of the city is related to the beginning of the Pahlavi rule. It is one floor, but in the new constructions, the buildings can be seen with 3 to several floors.

The old structure and the original core of the city was formed around the axis of the communication road on the shore of the Caspian Sea, which connects the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran. After the revolution, with the construction of Shahid Ansari Park, the city was extended to the north and towards the sea, and to some extent adjusted the linearity of the city.