Evaluation of the performance of the 15 Khordad pedestrian walkway from the point of view of the urban landscape

Thesis

To receive a master's degree in geography and urban planning

Abstract:

The stability of sustainable transportation systems is not only limited to their creation, the spaces resulting from these systems are also important to evaluate the efficiency of the above systems that provide the possibility of presence, movement and access in them. For this purpose, in the present research, the construction and operation of the Tehran market sidewalk located on Khordad 15th Street has been evaluated. The location of Tehran Grand Bazaar as the most important commercial attraction of Tehran city in the south of the sidewalk and valuable historical elements such as Golestan Palace, Imam Mosque, Shams-ul-Amara and so on. It attracts a significant number of citizens to this area, and this issue requires special attention to this sidewalk in order to provide services according to the volume of users.

The result of the evaluation shows that the change of perspective of urban management from machine-oriented urban development to human-oriented urban development with the construction of sidewalks has generally made the users (employees and passers-by) satisfied with the environment. However, neglecting some indicators has brought dissatisfaction. Among these criteria, one can pay attention to the issue of providing security, paying attention to historical and cultural elements and attractions, providing and managing urban furniture according to the number of users with an emphasis on providing cleanliness and public health, organizing peddlers, handwheels and motorcycles and so on. He mentioned the solution of some of these issues, such as ensuring public security by installing video surveillance equipment, building sanitary facilities, installing signboards, periodically emptying trash cans and providing pedestrian cleaning, planning and managing to benefit from tourist potentials and so on. It can be solved in the short term, while solving some cases such as retrofitting buildings and renovating the body, creating nighttime activities, increasing the level and frequency of access services such as subway and bus, creating route continuity, attracting the participation of businesses and residents in the management and maintenance of these spaces and so on. It is possible in the long term and requires collective effort. Key words: Pedestrian, urban furniture, urban landscape, 15 Khordad street, historical context, Tehran city. Chapter 1: Research overview. Introduction: Pedestrian movement is the most natural, oldest and most necessary form of human movement in the environment. Walking is still a possibility to observe places, activities and feel the passion and mobility of life and discover the values ??and attractions hidden in the environment. When the space is not suitable for the comfort and safe and active presence of pedestrians in the city, the first group that is deprived from being in the city is the special groups, namely the elderly, the disabled, children and adults. While this stratum constitutes a large percentage of urban space users, and their absence in the city means a decline in urban quality and deprivation of urban meaning. What is remarkable in today's cities is that the de-historicization and erasure of collective memories to increase pedestrian routes and the authorities' attention only to meet the needs of the pedestrians has caused the decline of visual values ??and as a result, when the scale of the city is built only for the pedestrians, the sidewalks in the urban space feel lost, insecure and anonymous. The main users of urban environments are pedestrians. It is important to note that pedestrians do not want to just walk. They either want to reach a destination or do something. This freedom that a person can walk and explore is a good and useful guide to achieve a civilized quality in urban environments. The path of a sidewalk can meet the various needs of citizens and at the same time have its own identity, give citizens a sense of peace and security, and actually be the platform of people's urban life, meet their expectations and strengthen the feeling of belonging to the space. It should also be noted that in pedestrian areas, in contrast to riding areas, non-visual senses also play an active role in the perception of the environment. In general, paths have a dual nature and their problems also originate from this duality. The path as a passage and the path as a destination, as it can be seen, these two features are in conflict with each other. Of course, the separation of uses in modern cities has allowed the street as a passage and access independent of the service commercial street as a destination. In European countries, there are beautiful examples of the street as a destination, that is, a place for social encounters.Of course, the separation of uses in modern cities has allowed the street as a passage and access independent of the service commercial street as a destination. In European countries, there are beautiful examples of the street as a destination, that is, a place for social-urban encounters, spending leisure time, benefiting from beauty and using various services. In many cases, these streets are dedicated to pedestrian traffic and the use of cars has been removed from them. But in our country, the routes that are equipped for pedestrian crossing are mostly used as shopping and fast transit routes. Failure to pay attention to the needs of Iranian citizens and purely physical imitations without considering the historical backgrounds of our own cities are the cause of the undesirable pedestrian paths in our country. 1-1: statement of the problem Walking plays an important role in spatial perception, the feeling of belonging to the environment and receiving the qualities of the environment. It is social health. In many ways, the pedestrian mall in the modern era is equivalent to the medieval plaza. In the last two decades, the literature related to pedestrian planning and design has become very diverse and wide; But the approach that has been able to put a strong perspective in terms of physical, functional, semantic and environmental in its agenda for creating spaces is the human approach that was formed in Europe from the eighties and has been expanding until today. (Ashuri, 1389, 60). In addition, in this research, in order to identify the needs of pedestrians, a pathology of the existing condition of pedestrian spaces in the city of Tehran has been carried out in order to gain an understanding of the existing condition and the needs of pedestrians. The gradual dominance of riding on urban spaces and passages has distanced urban planning and design from the scales and needs of pedestrians. It turns out that the city is at the service of the car; in this way, the city and the citizen are placed in their proper place and the presence of the people in the urban spaces is provided. Therefore, in this research, the existing situation of the pedestrian areas of Tehran has been done in the opinion of the experts, in order to obtain a detailed pathology of the problems of the city of Tehran In Tehran, it is clear that urban pedestrian spaces have not been of high quality, and in the development of these spaces, quantitative issues have been prioritized, and these spaces face many problems in meeting the needs of passers-by. In order to have quality urban spaces, this report has considered man and his needs, and based on this, a hierarchical system of the needs of passers-by in different age groups (children, teenagers, elderly and disabled) has been compiled from the lowest level, which is safety, to the highest level, which is aesthetic and social needs. By identifying the needs and turning them into requirements for the design of the pedestrian space, it can be expected that the quality of life in urban spaces will be improved, and with this knowledge, appropriate interventions can be made in the planning and design of the pedestrian space. Has it reduced traffic? 3) Do urban sidewalks have a role in establishing social interactions? 1-3: Research objectives 1) Reducing the traffic load by creating sidewalks 2) Achieving the level of comfort and security for citizens 3) Establishing the control of the human relationship with its urban environment 4) Maintaining and revitalizing the historical and valuable tissues of the region by constructing sidewalks Road

5) Separation of pedestrian and pedestrian areas

1-4: research assumptions

(1) It seems that there is a connection between the design of the sidewalk on Khordad Street 15 and the preservation and organization of the historical context of the city!!

2) It seems that there is a meaningful connection between the creation of a sidewalk and the reduction of traffic.!!

3) Urban sidewalks seem to play a significant role in establishing social interactions.!!

1-5: Necessity of research

Over time, urban streets play an important and special role as urban public spaces from the cultural, political, social and urban planning point of view.