The structure of green space in the sustainable development of Yasouj city

Dissertation for M.A. degree

Strategy: Urban Planning

Abstract

According to the teachings of the Quran and the life-giving teachings of the religion of Islam, the earth is the cradle and cradle of man, and the cradle must be safe and invigorating for man to grow and evolve in it. Today, the great importance of plants and the role they play in the lives and happiness of people is hidden from anyone. It is not. Air conditioning and reduction of its pollutants, creation of ecological balance, absorption of abnormal sounds and many other benefits are of this category, and since in the geography of urban life, the interpretation of green space is equal to the meaning of plants, so the above effects will be caused by green space. It should be said that today's man is exposed to various psychological problems due to the industrial life and its consequences, as well as the extent of daily troubles, and in the studies and researches, the psychological effect of green space as a salve to relieve these pains has been less discussed and this is also left out of view. Generally, what is expected from the green space in the functions of the urban environment is to improve the environmental and ecological situation, create a place for recreation and entertainment, and beautify and improve the human living environment. However, in developing countries, due to the existence of economic problems, the only important function of the green space is its role in improving the environment, and in most cases, only the presence of this factor has caused attention to the green space in these countries. The research method in this research is analytical-descriptive, which has been analyzed in addition to field and library studies using Spss, Excel software. The results of this research show that the population is not evenly distributed in the areas of Yasuj city and the distribution of green space in the city is not balanced. Also, in this research, the inadequacy of green space per capita in Yasuj has been significantly determined and the residents' access to these spaces is not the same.

Urbanization is five thousand years old. Until 1900, one out of every eight people lived in urban areas (Gilbert, 1375, p. 63). After that, in 1950, the population of the world's cities increased to 7,370,000,000 people (0.29% of the world's total population). In 2005, the population of urban areas exceeded 50% of the world's population. It is estimated that the world's urban settlements will accommodate 3.3 billion people by 2030. About 90% of this amount will be in the urban centers of developing countries (Shekoi, 2013, p. 85).

With this trend of urban land use and its spatial-spatial distribution, it is one of the important factors for the optimal use of urban spaces. From the point of view of spatial planning, in addition to meeting physical and functional needs, the organization of urban land should also respond to qualitative human goals such as the perception of beauty, sense of spatial identity, sense of belonging to the environment, and for this reason, in land use planning, space is closely related to urban design (Mehdizadeh, 1379, p. 77). It gained double importance, so that its role is not hidden from anyone today. The wide expansion of civilization and the rule of industry based on new technology and the tendency towards machine life along with the excessive increase in population has not only disturbed the balance of the ecological system and the ability to survive, but in addition to the damages and injuries caused by the erosion of nature, it has caused more difficult conditions to be imposed on people from the narrowness of the living space and the psychological effects of dealing with those problems have made them hot-tempered, angry and somewhat misbehaving (Tabaraki, 1371, p. 169). The world we live in today is an urban world, which unfortunately results in being away from the natural environment and the unwanted acceptance of imbalances that originate from the unbalanced relationships between humans and the urban space. The increase in population and the expansion of the phenomenon of urbanization have changed the mutual relations between man and the environment. In some cases, this destruction is to create new constructions (Farid, 1375, p. 8).

In our country, during the fifty-year period from 1335 to 1385, the rate of urbanization has increased from 31.4% to about 67%. During this period (1335-1385), the number of urban centers increased from 199 urban centers to 1016. The urban area has increased (Iran Statistical Center, 2015).Except for a number of new cities or new cities, the rest of the country's urban centers have emerged from the transformation of villages into cities that have a rural identity and function. Despite the increase in the number of cities in the country and based on the 1385 census, the number of large cities (with a population of more than 250 thousand people) is 26 cities, which is 51.3% of the total urban population and mother cities (with a population of more than 500 thousand people) with 13 urban points in About 41.6% of the urban population is located in them.

Yasuj city, the capital of Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad province, as a small city, had a population of 97,400 people in the 2015 census, which has grown by 2.4% compared to the previous decade. In some cases, this destruction is to create new constructions. Green space as a part of the environment is often neglected by the authorities and they destroy it knowingly or unknowingly.

The city of Yasouj has little green space in such a way that in some areas and localities this value drops to zero. Also, due to the change of this use and its transformation into residential, commercial, educational and other uses. The present research consists of six chapters, the titles of which are as follows: Chapter 1: Overview of the research design Chapter 2: Definitions, concepts and theoretical perspectives Chapter 3: Natural features of Yasuj City Chapter 4: Human and economic geography of Yasuj Shahriasuj with sustainable urban development approach

Sixth chapter: conclusion and presentation of solutions and suggestions

Chapter 1

Overview of the research plan

1 Statement of the problem

Today, urbanization has gained large dimensions and the population of cities is increasing day by day. The increase in the population of cities has caused the density of uses in them and this threatens urban open spaces even more. The increase in residential density in cities and the decrease in the levels of private open and green spaces increase the need for equipped public spaces and make it necessary to build and expand recreational parks in cities. Today, the concept of cities without effective green space in its various forms is unimaginable. The consequences of urban development and the complexity of their environmental problems, the existence of green space and its expansion. It has become necessary more than ever. Cities, as centers of human activity and life, have no choice but to accept a functional structure influenced by natural systems in order to guarantee their sustainability. Meanwhile, green space as an integral and necessary part of the cities' body plays a fundamental role in their metabolism, and its lack can cause serious disturbances in the life of cities (Mehrmand, 2013, p. 12). Green is one of the issues that should be paid attention to in urban planning (ibid., 2013, p. 13).

Due to the increase in population and the increasing pollution of the urban environment, the vital role of green spaces is becoming clearer day by day. As a natural filter, green space reduces environmental pollution such as smoke and noise and guarantees the relative personal and social health of city residents and the tranquility of its environment (Pourmohammadi, 1382, p. 34).

The main goal in the design of green space is to achieve its social effects in bringing man and nature as close as possible to each other. However, social and psychological efficiency can also be expected from its environmental function. Therefore, the development, design and implementation of green space should be based on the correct attitude of the environmental and social needs of the city as well as the city's facilities and capabilities. Among these, the two categories of "sustainable development" and improving productivity should always be at the forefront of policy making. The development and creation of green spaces should be placed.

The idea of ??sustainable development that was formed in the mid-1990s is a development that is aimed at meeting the needs of the present without reducing the abilities of the future generation to meet their needs.