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  3. The participation of public and private sectors in the process of reconstruction and renovation of worn-out urban tissues and its spatial reflection (case study of District 9 of Tehran Municipality)

The participation of public and private sectors in the process of reconstruction and renovation of worn-out urban tissues and its spatial reflection (case study of District 9 of Tehran Municipality)

Number of pages: 302 File Format: word File Code: 30391
Year: 2016 University Degree: PhD Category: Geography - Urban Planning
Tags/Keywords: architecture - Reconstruction of worn-out urban tissues - Renovation of worn-out urban tissues - Urban development - Urban fabric - Urbanization - worn texture - Worn tissues - worn-out urban textures
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  • Summary of The participation of public and private sectors in the process of reconstruction and renovation of worn-out urban tissues and its spatial reflection (case study of District 9 of Tehran Municipality)

    Dissertation for obtaining Ph.D. D

    Department of Geography and Urban Planning

    Abstract:

    Today, due to the high costs of construction and the economic inability of the owners of dilapidated structures, one of the ways to renew this structure is the partnership of public and private sectors. In this research, it has been tried to investigate the effect of this type of partnership in the renovation of the worn-out fabric of the 9th district of Tehran. The statistical population of the research (1169 license plates) are the license plates that are involved in the renovation of worn-out fabrics in partnership with the private sector. Using Cochran's formula, 235 people have been selected as the sample size. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and its type is applied and developmental. The method of collecting information is documentary and field survey. The tools used for analysis are GIS and SPSS. The results show that in Iran, if there is a legal infrastructure for public-private partnership, compliance with urban development regulations in accordance with the goals of macro-urban renewal, sufficient facilities and incentive packages, cooperation and participation of owners, increased supervision of the relevant institutions on the partnership, and the use of expert, wealthy and local investors, one can hope for the success of this partnership and renovation in a sustainable way.

    Keywords: Public/Private Partnership - Renovation - Dilapidated Fabric - District 9 of Tehran

    Chapter 1

    Generalities of the Research Plan

    Chapter 1: Generalities of the Research Design

    1-1- Introduction

    Renovation of dilapidated urban fabrics is considered as one of the goals and policies of the government in the development programs of the country (the fifth program). Therefore, the managers and trustees of the renovation field tried to implement the goals of the fifth development plan by adopting policies and plans. In this regard, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and the country have prepared renovation and improvement plans for the country's cities at the macro level, and facilities have been provided to the relevant management institutions at the local level to start the process.

    In Tehran, the municipality, together with the renovation organization, has started activities in the field of renovation of dilapidated structures. Based on the goals and policies of the Renovation Organization, as the main trustee of this work in Tehran, it was decided to renovate these tissues during a 10-year program. The mentioned organization has entered the arena with different methods, which are different in different regions. But due to lack of attention to social and cultural issues and lack of experience, it has not achieved much success. But since 2005, by establishing renovation facilitation offices at the level of neighborhoods that have approved dilapidated structures, he started interacting with the people and encouraging them to enter the renovation field, which had more significant successes than before. From 1389 to today, 70 renovation service offices are operating, and it can be said that we have entered the stage of relative cooperative urban development in these contexts and effective steps have been taken. In this thesis, an attempt is made to examine the method of public-private partnership in the renovation of dilapidated structures, as well as analyze its advantages and problems, and its purpose is to provide a model for organizing renovation with this method in the dilapidated structure of District 9 of Tehran Municipality. They have also benefited from its problems.

    Although this urbanization process has helped to generate and accumulate wealth, it has also created many problems for the residents of the cities, especially the low-lying areas. The concentration of millions of people in big cities puts pressure on the available services and facilities. As a result, a series of new places will be created and the old areas will be worn out. Failure to modernize these areas will cause them to lag behind the path of development and progress. The aid and financial resources of the government and the public sector cannot be responsible for providing all the required facilities, so the ground has been prepared for the presence of the private sector and investment in this sector in the worn-out fabric and its revival.

    The old and worn-out spaces of the cities are among the cases where people's participation in its restoration, improvement and modernization has been experienced and tested in Iran and the world over the past years. Continuity and sustainability of this process requires social mobility and grassroots intervention that is accepted and accepted by everyone.Due to the lack of economic and financial capacity of the public and public sector for comprehensive and direct investment and intervention on the entire scale of the worn-out tissue and for the purpose of self-reliance and self-repair of the worn-out body, the foundation must be based on the effective partnership of the public, government and private sectors. The partnership of the private and public sector in investing and implementing worn-out structures with the guidance, support and supervision of government and public bodies is considered the key to revitalization. Extensive and wide-ranging interventions in the urban context are of such sensitivity and importance that success in it is necessarily dependent on the participation and interaction of all present stakeholders (the main target community, including residents, workers and passers-by), monitoring stakeholders (the general target community, including citizens, urban management institutions and government bodies) and responsible stakeholders (all components of the executive and management organizations of the project). Therefore, not taking into account the interests of the residents of worn out contexts in economic, social, cultural and even legal dimensions leads to the resistance of the residents of these contexts in accepting urban plans and programs.

    Today, in progressive societies, the approach of policy makers is changing from planning for the people to planning alongside the people. The reasons for such an approach can perhaps be found in the effects and negative results of not paying attention to the role of users in centralized decision-making. Today, partnership is considered one of the most important success criteria in planning, and without considering its importance, one cannot have much hope for the effectiveness of planning.

    The city of Tehran, like all cities in Iran, suffers from the existence of worn-out and inefficient structures (4000 hectares), and this has led the city management to prescribe the optimal method for renovation by presenting new models according to the conditions of each area or region. The financial-economic problems of the residents, the non-timely non-payment of facilities by the government and the delay in the renovation process caused the private sector to take action in renovation projects due to the great potential of these structures as well as the exemptions and facilities granted by the government. But this entry of the public and private sector should be planned and managed in such a way that people do not feel distrust and despair, which requires the definition of certain mechanisms. Therefore, the problem is that:

    1- In the current renovation, there is no specific executive and legal mechanism and plan for the participation of different sectors in the renovation process.

    2- In the current process of renovation of worn-out structures, in addition to diminishing the interests of the residents, the urban fabric of Region 9 does not follow a specific pattern and is in the form of spots that do not have any regular structure and structure, and its connection with the surrounding area is not clear. In general, it can be said that in this process, only the houses are renovated and the texture does not change.

    In this thesis, it is tried to examine the way of partnership between the government, the private sector and the people in revitalizing and renovating the dilapidated textures of the 9th district of Tehran municipality, and finally to present a general and appropriate model and mechanism. The purpose of choosing District 9 of Tehran Municipality is to be a leader in the field of renovation of worn-out fabric and to some extent the discussion of renovation has entered into the operational and executive mechanism of public-private partnership. 1-1-3 Objectives of the research: To provide a new model in the mechanism of public-private partnership in the renovation of worn-out fabric of District 9. To provide a model for consolidating and renovating properties in the worn-out fabric of District 9.

    Raising the level of service delivery in the dilapidated fabric of Region 9.

    Raising the quantitative and qualitative level of life in the dilapidated fabric of Region 9.

    Identity of part of the urban fabric.

    Organization of the fabric by identifying and locating the required uses.

    1-4-Research Necessity:

    Due to the following conditions, worn-out urban fabrics require fundamental and applied research. Be:

    There is a lot of scope for investing in worn-out structures due to the location of this structure in the heart of the capital.

    The existence of infrastructure facilities for construction, which will be an incentive for the presence of investors.

    High investment security in housing and land.

    The most suitable place for urban development.

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