Locating suitable areas for the construction of public and multi-story parking lots in Lahijan city

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree

Field: Geography and Urban Planning

Abstract:

Managing and guiding the movement of people and goods on the level of the roads of a city with the aim of increasing the speed, safety and reducing the cost of transportation is the most important goal of creating urban transportation systems. One of the most important infrastructures of the transportation system are public parking lots, which play a significant role in reducing urban traffic. Parking location is one of the most important tools in managing cities. Parking can affect the efficiency of traffic and the quality of urban life. After the passing of several decades and the increase of cars and the lack of sufficient space for parking and finally the costs of building a parking lot, the necessity of finding a suitable location for parking became apparent. This research was carried out in the spring of 2013 in Lahijan city to solve the traffic problem and it tries to find the appropriate location of this element according to the conditions and factors affecting the parking place in Lahijan city. This research pursues several goals: Public parking lots using GIS system; 2-Analysis of effective factors in parking location; 3-Identification of areas requiring public and multi-storey parking; 4-Identifying the importance and efficiency of GIS in choosing the best places for parking.

In this research, in addition to providing a suitable model for optimal parking location by means of GIS, different weighting methods of parking location layers such as AHP and Boolean fuzzy logic are paid.

Keywords: public and class parking, hierarchical analysis (AHP), location, geographic information system (GIS), Lahijan city. 

 

Introduction:

With the rapid growth of urbanization in recent decades and the increase in the number of motor vehicles, traffic has become one of the problems of big cities. Therefore, one of the intellectual concerns of city managers is solving the traffic problem. In order to smooth the movement of vehicles and solve the traffic problem, many measures have been taken by city managers, including the construction of urban transportation infrastructure such as communication roads, underpasses and overpasses, and the expansion of public transportation such as the subway and city buses. In this regard, the construction of numerous public parking lots in the vicinity of urban roads in order to prevent long and unnecessary parking on the side of the streets is one of the effective measures in reducing traffic and subsequently reducing air pollution.

The correct location of the parking lot will reduce inner-city trips, which, if accompanied by a reduction or lack of curb parking, will increase the width of the streets and smooth the traffic of vehicles. For this purpose, the effective criteria should be considered in such a way that it will reduce the marginal parking and make the road traffic smoother.

According to the mentioned issues, the current research has been organized in 6 chapters:

The first chapter: the generalities of the research, which includes the statement of the problem, the history and background of the research, the importance and necessity of the subject

Research, goals, hypotheses, variables and research method, then it is written to the time period of the research and The statistical population of Lahijan city is mentioned. The second chapter: The theoretical foundations, background and literature of the research are mentioned. The third chapter: The geographical, social, economic, and physical features of Lahijan are written.

Fifth chapter: Using the hierarchical analysis method and AHP method, optimal location for the construction of public parking lots was done and the number of required parking lots and their location were suggested.

In the sixth chapter, the hypotheses and answers to the research questions were proved, and finally, conclusions and suggestions were presented.

Chapter one

Research process and design

Description and statement of the problem Research:

For a long time, human elements, vehicles and the environment have been found as the main elements in conventional road transportation, and the goal of fully identifying them is to establish their safety; Because these elements have mutual and effective relationships with each other. For example, humans and vehicles together affect the environment and cause traffic in cities and environmental pollution, and in return, the environment with its characteristics changes the conditions of transportation.. For example, humans and vehicles together affect the environment and cause traffic in cities and environmental pollution, and the environment, with its characteristics, causes changes in transportation conditions.

The origin of the creation and increasing expansion of cities can be found in major factors such as the development of commodity exchanges, commercial progress, and human civilization, and among the most important factors in the creation of cities, the development of the road network should be considered the most normal and oldest factor.

The expansion of cities, the increase in the number of urban trips, the advancement of technology and the cheapening of car prices and the increase in family income have caused a significant increase in the number of cars in cities, which has caused traffic and also the lack of car parking space. Solving the traffic problem requires various long-term and short-term planning, including reducing urban trips, designing an inclusive public transportation system, etc. Providing car parking space in the city is one of the essential needs, apart from the traffic issue. By providing parking in different parts of the city, traffic problems can be overcome to a great extent.

Providing parking in our existing urban contexts is not one of the issues and problems of urban designers, and most of the spaces foreseen in the comprehensive plans have either been changed or assigned. The presence of commercial centers with high travel attraction in some cities makes the use of multi-storey bus stops unavoidable and makes it necessary to meet the standards of such bus stops. Today, with the arrival of a large volume of cars, the number of cars per capita is increasing from one car per residential unit to two or three cars. This has caused congestion of cars on the side of the streets and alleys. In this situation, it is necessary to propose a method that is both cheap and easy to implement and provides a large amount of parking for buildings.

In the current situation, the increasing growth of cities, which is affected by population growth and migration, has led to unplanned constructions and numerous changes in urban uses. Excessive influx of population into cities along with unwanted and unbalanced growth and their unprincipled development due to the lack of compatibility between different urban uses and the lack of urban unit management creates many problems in the urban system. Lahijan city with a population of 82110 people in 2013 and an area of ??9 square kilometers and due to the city's tourist status and the increasing number of motor vehicles, the small width of the city's streets and the limitation of land especially in the center of the city, every day we are faced with a large number of cars parked on the corners of the city's streets, which in addition to disturbing the traffic of pedestrians, cause traffic in the city, so there is a clear need to build public and especially multi-story parking lots. It is located in the city of Mahrez. According to the mentioned cases, no multi-story parking has been constructed in the city of Lahijan. Therefore, in this research, in order to solve the traffic problem in the city, it has been tried to locate the optimal places for the construction of public parking lots with the help of GIS. The correct location of the parking lot will reduce inner-city trips, which if accompanied by the reduction or lack of marginal parking, will increase the width of the streets and smooth the traffic of vehicles.

1-2- History and background of the research:

The study of the optimal location for public and multi-storey parking lots has been very important from the point of view of urban planners and traffic engineers and related sciences. In recent years, due to the limited land, especially in big cities and especially in the city center. And for the optimal use of land and its added value, the construction and development of multi-storey parking lots has received special attention. Various studies have been conducted in the field of location using geographic information system and hierarchical analysis model in the field of urban transportation and especially the use of parking lots. Some of them are mentioned below, which include: Wang and Sun (2010) in an article entitled [1] Combinatiorial Optimization Of Congested Road And Parking Charging, pointed to traffic congestion as a major problem that blocks the sustainable development of urban transportation and analyzed the transportation network, travel cost, and traffic demand. In this research, they have come to the conclusion that: TDM is an effective solution in reducing traffic congestion in urban areas and it is possible to significantly reduce traffic congestion in urban areas by using the combined optimization model.