Evaluation of the relationship between dimensions of spiritual leadership and job satisfaction of Parsian Bank branches in Tehran province

Master's Thesis in Public Administration

Treatment: Human Resources

Abstract:

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating and analyzing the relationship between dimensions of spiritual leadership and job satisfaction of Parsian Bank branch employees in Tehran province. The target statistical population in this research was the employees of Parsian Bank branches in Tehran province. This research is descriptive in terms of type and practical in terms of purpose. In addition, standard questionnaires were used to collect the required data in this research. Fry's standard questionnaire (2003) was used to measure spiritual leadership dimensions, and Minnesota's standard questionnaire (2009) was used to measure employee job satisfaction. Data analysis has been done at two descriptive and inferential levels. Spearman's correlation tests and multiple regression tests were used to test the hypotheses and research questions. According to the results obtained from the research hypothesis test, according to Spearman's correlation test, there is a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of spiritual leadership, which include vision, love for fellow humans, hope and faith, membership, meaningfulness and identity, organizational commitment, performance feedback and job satisfaction of employees of Parsian Bank branches in Tehran province. Also, based on the multiple regression test, the dimensions of spiritual leadership had a positive and significant effect on the job satisfaction of employees of Parsian Bank branches in Tehran province. Based on the results of the multiple regression test, the order of the components based on their intensity of influence are: love for fellow human beings, membership, meaningfulness and identity, hope and faith, vision, performance feedback, organizational commitment. At the end, based on the results of the hypothesis test and in line with the goals of the research, solutions have been presented.

Key words: spirituality, spiritual leadership, job satisfaction

Introduction

In the last decade, the increase of factors such as globalization, information technology, global business competition and limited natural resources have changed people's views on how a good organization and company is defined. In the past, financial statements were the main factor in defining a good company, but in recent years, ethical principles, spirituality, quality of work life, and job satisfaction are increasingly introduced as leading indicators related to the operation and maintenance of business organizations (Koonmee et al., 2010). Some researchers believe that there is a fundamental tension between rational goals and spiritual development throughout the workplace. Gregory Pierce, a publishing director and founder of the organization "Business Spiritual Leaders for Perfection, Ethics, and Justice" states: "We often spend a lot of time working. It would be a shame if we don't find God there." For this purpose, organizations increasingly understand the value of financial success against the cost of human values, and in the new millennium, they are looking for new ways to help employees balance their work and family life, and to develop their potential in the workplace (Farhangi et al., 2015).

Therefore, organizations are only concerned with profitability and material values, and with their behavior with employees, there is also an apparent cost-benefit. will slowly deteriorate the spirit of the organization and damage all its parts. One of the concepts that most management science researchers have turned to to solve these problems is the issue of spirituality and spiritual leadership in organizations. Spiritual leaders play a rejuvenating role in the relationships between employees and their jobs, as well as their heartfelt commitment to the organization and more. In such a way that most of the time, soulless organizations that are only interested in the world of profit and exploitation of employees and have a mechanical view of them, cause job dissatisfaction of employees and over time, it also causes problems in the productivity and profitability of organizations in the competitive market. Because employees who do not have job satisfaction in the organization will have less work commitment to the goals of the organization and will show many work deviations from themselves.

In this research, we seek to examine the effects of spiritual leadership on employee job satisfaction by studying the issue of spirituality and spiritual leadership in organizations, as well as examining the job satisfaction of employees, and provide solutions in line with the goals of the research.

1-2.Statement of the problem

In recent years, most researchers in the field of management and organizations have come to the conclusion that the survival of organizations depends on profitability and maintaining competition with others in today's tense environment. This is achieved if the organization has higher productivity against the costs it incurs. One of the factors that is effective in the productivity is the optimal effort of the employees in the organization. How much a person shows optimal and beneficial effort in the organization depends on his interest and commitment to his job and organization. One of the important variables in this field is job satisfaction, which makes a person show more interest in his job and make more efforts so that the organization can achieve higher productivity. Job satisfaction is one of the most important organizational variables that directly or indirectly affect the performance and behavior of employees in the workplace. In describing the importance of these variables, it is enough to mention the large number of researches, studies, and writings related to job satisfaction. (bunge, 1989).

In the research that has been done in the field of job satisfaction in successive courses of management science and related researches, various variables have been identified that affect job satisfaction. Variables such as the amount of salary, match of job with personality, leadership and management style, degree of difficulty or ease of work and so on. They can affect the individual's job satisfaction in the organization. One of the influential variables that is less noticed and is also a new discussion is spirituality and spiritual leadership in the organization, which can have an impact on the job satisfaction of the employees in the organization or not. The type of leadership of managers in the organization and how much spirituality is included in the atmosphere of the organization can have an impact on the employees' attitude towards the job they work in (Asgari & et al, 2013).

In recent years, the banking industry is one of the most important revenue-generating industries that has attracted the attention of management science researchers and thinkers. Since this industry has become a competitive market over time and with the increasing entry of new banks in this field, therefore, the only way to survive in this market is to be profitable and attract more customers and optimally retain their current customers. As a result, banks and banking are considered a kind of service industry, therefore, one of the important elements of an organization that can attract more customers and be effective in maintaining current customers is the bank's employees. When employees are committed to their jobs and work, they try to contribute to the profitability of the organization by providing the best services to their customers. One of the effective variables that can lead employees to provide better services and have higher commitment is their job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has caused the employees of the organization to provide services to their customers with more enthusiasm and motivation during working hours and not to think about deviant behaviors in that organization (Gibson, 2011). In this research, we seek to evaluate the variable of job satisfaction in Parsian Bank. Since the banking industry in Iran is becoming more competitive day by day, it is important that the managers and officials of Parsian Bank have the knowledge that the key to the success of their organization is having committed and motivated employees. Because the driving force behind organizational goals in banks are its employees. Therefore, in this research, the aim is to measure the level of job satisfaction of Parsian Bank employees and the extent of its influence on one of the important variables of this decade called spirituality and spiritual leadership.

The topic of spirituality in organizations is becoming a practical category in organizational behavior. Spirituality in the work environment not only leads to beneficial personal outcomes such as improving physical and mental health, but also leads to the improvement of organizational abilities and organizational learning. (Pitersanj 2011) says that organizational learning has a fundamental importance in creating the needs of the organization in the next era. According to (Esoibai, 1992), organizations increase their learning ability to create more useful organizational strategies. Barkat (2006) also said that organizations should learn more and more in order to be better able to adapt to sudden changes in their field of work (Aydin & Ceylan, 2009).

Today's organizations, in order not to be left behind, most of them have turned their attention to organizational leaders and with special courage and boldness, they try to create fundamental changes within the organization, because leadership deals with changing the work. has