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Examining the model of measuring health and administrative corruption in Tehran municipality

Number of pages: 218 File Format: word File Code: 30320
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Management
Tags/Keywords: Administrative corruption - Administrative corruption in Tehran municipality - Assessment of administrative corruption - corruption - Health assessment
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  • Summary of Examining the model of measuring health and administrative corruption in Tehran municipality

    Faculty of Management

    Master's thesis in the field of urban affairs management

    Abstract:

    The occurrence of corruption, which means the abuse of legal power in order to secure personal benefit; In all the countries of the world, it is considered one of the most important issues of managing the affairs of countries and cities at micro, medium and macro levels. In a way that brings with it many negative effects and consequences, including citizens' dissatisfaction with organizations, the spread of poverty in the society, hindering economic-social development and so on. brings along Therefore, combating this phenomenon and providing administrative health is one of the most important subjects of management science and social sciences. Considering the importance and effect of this ominous social phenomenon and attention to the studies, in this research, the researcher seeks to find a way to measure the incidence of administrative corruption and the degree of health of an important organization in the administration of urban affairs, that is, Tehran Municipality. For this purpose, firstly, the literature on the subject was examined in two dimensions of health and administrative corruption, and while examining the concepts of research and studies conducted in this field and the models and methods of measuring health and administrative corruption, their strengths and weaknesses, and the need for accurate measurement, the researcher evaluated this model by using the comprehensive health model in Tehran municipality and its special measurement method by choosing the deputy of urban planning and architecture of the 7th district of Tehran. were placed, including municipal employees, experts familiar with the municipality, Arbab Rajou and citizens of Tehran, who combined their perception and experience about administrative health and corruption - using the components defined for each dimension of health and corruption. was questioned. The results of the research indicate that the comprehensive health score of Tehran Municipality is about 0.5 out of 1, which according to the score of health and corruption dimensions, this organization is facing a serious problem in terms of administrative corruption with a score of about 0.7 out of 1. The most effective component in the score of administrative corruption is related to corruption in decision-making, in other words, it can be concluded that Tehran Municipality is seriously facing the issue of corruption in this particular deputy and needs measures to reduce and eliminate this issue. In this research, according to the obtained information, suggestions for the organization have been presented. 

    1-1-                                Introduction:

    The occurrence of administrative corruption in the world has been the concern of many governmental and non-governmental officials until today, and it was one of the issues that, according to a large number of researchers, had an inverse relationship with the issue of development; This means that reducing the incidence of corruption has had a significant positive effect on increasing the country's speed in achieving human development (Abassi and Jamalpour 2013, p. 45). The occurrence of administrative corruption has led to the loss of significant financial and human resources and has significantly fluctuated the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. For this reason, many organizations have taken extensive measures to provide methods and models for measuring the prevalence of corruption in the world and organizations and have established their own methods with different perspectives. Each of these organizations has tested its method many times; Also, their method has been measured in many countries, so that today the special method of these organizations and the information they publish from their measurements at the international level has become an important source for getting to know the general state of health and corruption of a country. Among the most important of these organizations, we can mention the Transparency International Organization [1] and the World Bank [2]. The statistics published by these two organizations have somehow become one of the important documents in understanding the general situation of a country.

    Given that Tehran Municipality has been the focus of researchers in some of the previous researches related to corruption, and also, the special attention of this organization to learn about its health and corruption level and to carry out a project in this field and from On the other hand, referring to the fact that in the complaints registration system of the General Inspection Organization, the number of complaints from Tehran Municipality is very impressive, it can be said that Tehran Municipality is suffering from the problem of administrative corruption and needs to know better about this issue and improve its situation.

    1-2-                                                              :

    The main problem of the research can be proposed as follows:

    "Measuring the level of administrative health in Tehran municipality through the "Tehran municipality administrative health and corruption assessment model" considering a department introduced by the administrative health promotion staff of Tehran municipality and comparing it with the health and corruption score. General Administration of Tehran Municipality" 1-3-3 Statement of the problem: The issue considered in this plan actually includes the current problem of the organization and it is one of the issues that should be taken to improve the existing situation by identifying its prevalence and depth. Corruption and ensuring administrative health in organizations is one of the issues that every organization in any place, time and with any nature of existence (service, commercial, non-profit) f.) can face it and become one of the most important issues of the organization. In this case, every organization wants to know the nature of this problem and eliminate it.

    If we consider bribery, which is one of the types of corruption, annually something like 2-5% of the world's production is exchanged (Dadder and Masouminia, 1383, p. 12). Also, a conservative estimate from the Global Corruption Perceptions Survey[3] in 2009 shows that people who paid bribes gave it 7% of their annual income. In this way, the effects of corruption and lack of health in organizations can be much wider than the scope of an organization. The greater the size and importance and role of the organization in the society, the more likely the consequences of corruption and lack of attention to the health of the organization in the society will be more and more widespread (Tavakoli, 2010).

    Despite the pervasiveness of corruption, Tehran Municipality, as a public organization and organization with a geographical and service scope, will not be immune from this problem. If the issue of corruption in Tehran Municipality is not resolved, in addition to reducing the effectiveness and efficiency of this organization, we will witness a decrease in citizen satisfaction and loss of trust at the level of urban society. By being aware of the current situation and trying to solve the problem, the city of Tehran can take advantage of the maximum potential of its citizens in the management of community affairs and have a vibrant and healthy city. 1-4- Necessity of research: Regarding the necessity of conducting such research, the issue can be investigated from several aspects. Country

    Cultural requirements

    Management requirements

    Looking at the existing laws in our country, Iran, we will realize that the volume of many types of laws in the country is related to the issue of corruption and ensuring administrative health.

  • Contents & References of Examining the model of measuring health and administrative corruption in Tehran municipality

    List:

    List:

    Abstract: D

    Chapter One: 1

    1-1-Introduction: 2

    1-2-The main research problem: 3

    1-3-Statement of the problem: 3

    1-4-Research necessity: 4

    1-5-Research objectives: 12

    1-5-1- Main objective: 12

    1-5-2- Sub-objectives: 12

    1-6-Research method: 12

    Onion of the research process: 13

    1-7-Research hypotheses: 14

    1-8-Statistical society: 14

    1-9-Definition of project terms and terms: 15

    Chapter two. 19

    2-1- Introduction: 20

    2-2- Concepts and definitions: 21

    2-2-1- Concepts and definitions of corruption: 21

    2-2-2-1- Types of corruption: 24

    2-2-2-2- Intersection of topics related to corruption. 27 2-2-2- Concepts and definitions of health: 28 2-2-2-1- Levels and categories of health definitions: 30 2-2-2-2 Negative definitions of health: 30 2-2-2-3 Positive definitions of health: 31

    2-3- Summary of definitions: 35

    2-4- Propositions of health and corruption: 36

    2-4-1- Theories in corruption: 36

    2-4-1-1- Bad apple theory: 37

    2-4-1-2- Theory of moral liberation: 38

    2-4-1-3- Bourdieu's theory of action: analysis of desire. 39

    2-4-1-4- Theory of the balance of costs and expected rewards of corruption (public choice approach): 39

    2-4-1-5- Hofstand's cultural theory: 41

    2-4-1-6- Organizational culture theory: 42

    2-4-1-7- Selznik's health theory: 42

    2-4-1-8- Marvin Barvan's theory of health: 43

    2-4-2- Methods of measuring health and corruption: 44

    2-4-2-1- Methods of measuring corruption. 45

    2-4-2-2- Health measurement methods: 49

    2-5- Summary of domestic and foreign researches: 56

    2-5-1- Analysis of domestic researches: 79

    2-5-2- Analysis of foreign researches: 80

    2-6- Conceptual model emerging from previous researches and Conclusion: 84

    The third chapter. 87

    3-1- Introduction: 88

    3-2- Research method: 88

    3-3- The studied community: 88

    3-4- Statistical sample and sampling method: 89

    3-5- Information collection methods: 90

    3-5-1- Library studies: 90

    3-5-2- Field studies: 91

    3-5-3- Likert scale: 99

    3-5-4- Two options: 99

    3-6- Reliability and validity of the tool. 99

    3-6-1- Reliability. 99

    Reliability check of corruption variables: 100

    3-6-2- Validity: 102

    3-6-2-1- Construct validity: 102

    3-7- Information analysis method: 103

    Analysis of variance Friedman side test: 108

    Test Uman-Whitney: 109

    Kruskal-Wallis test: 109

    3-8- Summary and conclusion: 109

    Chapter four. 110

    4-1- Introduction: 111

    4-2- Review of descriptive statistics: 111

    4-3- Review of inferential statistics: 133

    4-3-1- Analysis of dimensions of health and corruption: 133

    4-3-1-1- Calculation of scores of components of dimensions of corruption and health: 133

    4-3-1-2- Component analysis of health and administrative corruption dimensions: 141

    4-3-2- Friedman variance analysis: 141

    4-3-2-1- Friedman variance analysis scores of corruption components in the employee group. 142

    4-3-2-2- Friedman variance analysis scores of corruption components in the expert group. 143

    4-3-2-3- Friedman's variance analysis scores of corruption components in Arbab-Rejoo group. 144

    4-3-2-4- Friedman variance analysis scores of corruption components in the group of citizens. 145

    4-3-2-5- Friedman variance analysis scores of health components in the group of employees. 146

    4-3-2-6- Friedman variance analysis scores of health components in the expert group. 147

    4-3-2-7- Friedman's variance analysis scores of health components in Arbab-Rejoo group. 148

    4-3-2-8- Friedman variance analysis scores of health components in the group of citizens. 149

    4-3-2- 9- Friedman variance analysis scores for health and administrative corruption in 4 groups: 150

    4-3-3- Kruskal-Wallis test: 151

    4-3-3-1- Comparison of the average of 4 groups regarding corruption and health: 151

    4-4- Summary and Conclusion: 152

    The fifth chapter. 153

    5-1- Introduction. 154

    5-2-1- Examining the health score and administrative corruption in the comprehensive administrative health model. 155

    5-2-2- Checking the rank155

    5-2-2- Examining the ranking of the components of health and administrative corruption dimensions in the comprehensive administrative health model. 160

    5-2-3- Examining the difference between perception and experience scores in health and administrative corruption. 162

    5-3- Discussion about the results. 166

    5-4- Suggestions based on research findings. 166

    5-5- Suggestions for future research. 173

    5-6- Limitations of this research. 174

    List of sources and sources: 176

    Appendices: 185

    Appendix No. 1: Questionnaire of employees (experience). 185

    Appendix No. 2: Perception staff questionnaire. 189

    Appendix No. 3: Questionnaire of experts. 192

    Appendix No. 4: Questionnaire of the master of reference. 196

    Appendix No. 5: Questionnaire of citizens. 199

     

     

     

    List of tables:

    Table 1: Laws related to health and administrative corruption. 4

    Table 2: Respondents' assessment of the level of corruption in some organizations (N=584). 9

    Table 3: indicators and variables related to the concept of corruption. 16

    Table 4: indicators and variables of the concept of health. 17

    Table 5: A brief overview of internal research. 56

    Table 6: A brief overview of foreign research. 73

    Table 7: Variables and their questions (perception section). 91

    Table 8: Variables and their questions (experience section). 95

    Table 9: Cronbach's alpha score of questions related to the perception and experience of corruption and health. 100

    Table 10: Cronbach's alpha score of corruption variables. 100

    Table 11: Cronbach's alpha score of health variables. 101

    Table 12: An example of the multi-criteria measurement of corruption based on citizens' perception and experience of corruption. 107

    Table 13: Types of indicators asked from each group. 108

    Table 14: Examining the frequency of the gender component among the questioned groups. 111

    Table 15: Descriptive study of education in the groups in question. 112

    Table 16: Frequency of responses to the level of health and corruption of the deputy coordination and regional affairs. 118

    Table 17: frequency of responses, the level of health and corruption of the vice-chancellor of finance and urban economy. 118

    Table 18: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the Technical and Civil Deputy. 119

    Table 19: The frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the municipal services deputy. 119

    Table 20: frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the transportation and traffic deputy. 120

    Table 21: The frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the Deputy of Urban Planning and Architecture. 120

    Table 22: The frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the vice president of planning and development and council affairs 121

    Table 23: The frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the vice president of social and cultural affairs. 121

    Table 24: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the Human Resources Deputy. 122

    Table 25: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the urban management system 137. 122

    Table 26: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of the Public Monitoring Center 1888. 123

    Table 27: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of Tehran city councils. 123

    Table 28: Frequency of responses regarding the level of health and corruption of security in Tehran Municipality. 124

    Table 29: The frequency of answers according to experts regarding the priority of corruption (n=25). 125

    Table 30: The frequency of responses according to the respondents regarding the lack of corruption in Tehran Municipality (n=150). 126

    Table 31: The frequency of responses from the citizens' point of view regarding the spread of examples of corruption in Tehran Municipality (n=390). 127

    Table 32: The frequency of responses from the employees' point of view regarding the prevalence of corruption in Tehran Municipality (n=200). 128

    Table 33: The frequency of citizens' responses regarding the request and payment of bribes in Tehran Municipality (n=390). 132

    Table 34: The frequency of citizens' responses regarding the identity of the bribe-giver to Tehran Municipality (n=390). 132

    Table 35: health score and administrative corruption and comprehensive health score. 135

    Table 36: Table of statistical information to compare the perception and experience of corruption in the group of employees. 136

    Table 37: Mann-Whitney (U) test results to compare the perception and experience of corruption in the employee group. 136

    Table 38: Table of statistical information to compare perception and experience of health in the group of employees. 136

    Table 39: Mann-Whitney (U) test results to compare the perception and experience of health in the group of employees.

Examining the model of measuring health and administrative corruption in Tehran municipality
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