The relationship between parenting methods and parental involvement in academic affairs with the academic performance of middle school boys and girls in Bandar Abbas city

Master's Thesis in Educational Psychology

Title of Thesis

Abstract:

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between parenting methods and parental involvement in academic affairs with the academic performance of male and female middle school students in Bandar Abbas city. To conduct this research, 280 students of Bandar Abbas city were randomly selected. Then the students and their parents were asked to answer the questionnaires of parents' involvement in academic affairs and parenting methods questionnaires. Finally, the collected data was analyzed by spss software.

Pearson correlation statistical methods and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that in male and female students, authoritarian parenting style had a positive relationship with academic performance of students, but permissive parenting style showed a negative relationship in boys and a positive relationship in girls with academic performance. In girls, authoritarian parenting style showed a negative relationship with their academic performance, and in male students, authoritarian parenting style did not show a significant relationship with academic performance. Regression analysis revealed that among parenting styles, authoritative parenting style was a positive predictor and authoritarian parenting style was a negative predictor for academic performance in students. And finally, the relationship between the involvement of parents in academic affairs and the academic performance of male and female students was investigated, and the results showed that in male and female students, parental involvement in academic affairs showed a positive relationship with their academic performance.

Introduction:

The family is the healthiest and best way to meet human needs, one of the most important roles of the family is the survival of the generation, raising healthy and efficient children is a success and useful for the society, and any and The ups and downs that arise in the family or any shortcoming that is imposed on the family will have direct effects on the children in the first place (Shams, 1377).

The study of parent-child relationships is one of the discussions of psychology, the relationships between children and other family members can be considered as a system or a network of parts that are in mutual relation with each other. Parents may both love their children and reject them, or while loving them, they may also be strict in discipline. The child's response is not only related to one aspect of the parents' behavior or their personality, but is influenced by a combination of different factors (Esfandiari, 1379). Interactions that are usually accompanied by mutual hostility, cynicism, excessive control, and violence are involved in many childhood pathologies (Hollenstein, 2001).

Researches focused on parental factors generally conceptualize parenting in light of universal parenting styles (for example, authoritarian, authoritarian, permissive), and specific parenting behaviors (such as discipline methods). are And also Darling[2] and Steinberg[3] (1993), have presented a theoretical model in which the parenting style had an indirect effect on these outcomes by modulating the relationship between parental behaviors and behavioral outcomes (Samrov[4], 2004). He has devoted himself to education and psychology. So that success in education plays an important role in getting job opportunities and building the future life of students. In fact, effective education creates a connection between the past, present and future (Britzman [6], 2003). Researchers agree that in addition to education, many other factors such as the environment, school, family, and social environment in which the child lives, as well as individual characteristics such as intelligence, personality, age, peers, and motivation, play an important role in his academic performance. Kamuraja[7], Caro[8] and Ashmak[9] (2009) and Bossato[10] et al., 2000, Permozik[11] et al., 2003) found that academic progress is not only a result of intelligence and educational facilities in the environment, but psychological aspects, such as personality dimensions and learning styles, play a more important role.Kamuraja[7], Caro[8] and Ashmak[9] (2009) and Bossato[10] et al., 2000, Permozik[11] et al., 2003) found that academic progress is not only the result of intelligence and educational facilities in the environment, but psychological aspects, such as personality dimensions and learning styles, play a more important role.

For example, Infante[12] et al. 2001, states that in the scope of academic success, the role of personality is beyond intelligence. Successful education systems at different levels of education, in addition to various measurements, also allocate a part to measure the psychological and personality dimensions of students in order to help their academic progress through the results and taking the necessary measures. In principle, the development of educational programs should be such that they guide the learners to use all their abilities in the conditions of psychological adaptation (Dehghan, 2015).

1-2. Statement of the problem:

The family [13] is one of the important and fundamental institutions of the society, which plays a fundamental role in the life of the individual and the society. The importance of the family as a social institution is an unquestionable issue. Although the child is influenced by society and peers, it is mostly influenced by the family. The influence of the family on the child and its important roles in the aspects of construction, cultural, social, moral, etc. is very important and great (Qaemi, 2015).

The influence of the family on the all-round development of the child begins at the moment of birth with a special strength and comprehensiveness and remains throughout life. The correct and balanced relationship between parents and children is one of the factors. It is effective in their mental health and hygiene. Researches show that among the various factors that are effective in the upbringing and healthy personality of children and teenagers, the mutual influence of the child and the parents and the way the parents and children interact and communicate are considered to be the most important and fundamental factors. (Novabinejad, 1370)

On the other hand, educational progress [14] is an issue that is of particular interest to all countries in the world, and every year a large amount of society's budget is spent on the education of children and adolescents. It increased in 1980. (Broumand, 1378). Because the academic progress of students is one of the most important and objective criteria for evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of education systems (Mehr Afrooz, 1378). And all the efforts of this system are actually considered to be the implementation of this. It is acquired. The specific characteristics of the social base include the education and occupation of the parents, their verbal intelligence and behavior, family income, health status, educational experiences, neighbors and living conditions, various attitudes towards education and upbringing, progress and the ability to control the abilities, etc. It is very important to examine the effects of various social and economic factors on the academic career. Children's scores in existing intelligence tests are fundamentally related to the father's occupation, parent's education and family income (Mehdipour, 2006).

The first systematic research of Wajdi on the relationship between the child's personality and the psychological-educational atmosphere of the family and the behavior of the parents was started by psychologists such as (Kazanin, Sage and Night) [15] (Shamlo, 2015).

Family is a natural and social system that people are dependent on willingly or unwillingly and it is the first center where a person feels safe and accepted and supported. Certainly, the structure and atmosphere of the family plays an important role in the performance and behavior of a person. The quality of interaction between parents and children, the socio-economic status of the family and the education of parents have always been known as important determinants of the academic performance of students (Hanoushek [16], 1986; quoted by Aksoy [17], Link [18]; 2000).