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  3. Comparison of parenting styles, quality of life and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people

Comparison of parenting styles, quality of life and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people

Number of pages: 162 File Format: word File Code: 30288
Year: 2016 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Psychology
Tags/Keywords: Dimensions of character and character - gender identity - Gender identity disorder - Parenting styles - Personality dimensions - Personality dimensions - quality of life
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  • Summary of Comparison of parenting styles, quality of life and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people

    Dissertation for M.A.

    Field: Psychology, Major: Clinical

    Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare parenting styles, quality of life, and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people. Method: 40 people with gender identity disorder and 40 normal people. They were selected by purposive sampling.

    Tools: In this study, Young's parenting methods questionnaire, quality of life questionnaire and Cloninger personality questionnaire were used. Data analysis was done through t-test for independent groups and t-test for dependent groups.

    Results: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the parenting styles of people with gender identity disorder and the normal group. The component of emotional deprivation was more in the patients than the normal group, and the components of vulnerability and sacrifice were higher in the normal group than the patient group in this study. Also, in the quality of life scale, only in the social function component, the average of the normal group was higher than the patient group. and no significant relationship was found in the scale of personality dimensions of personality and character of people with gender identity disorder and the normal group.

    Key words: parenting styles, quality of life, personality dimensions of nature and personality, gender identity disorder

    Introduction

    One of the most important aspects of human identity is gender identity. Whether a person is called a woman or a man, after his existence and life, is the most important aspect of identifying and valuing each person by himself and the environment around that person. So these roles are taught to the child and encourage him to strengthen the behaviors appropriate to his gender. But this natural process, which is successful in the majority of cases, takes a different path in some cases, so that the child has doubts about his belonging to one of the two genders or considers himself to belong to the opposite sex of his biological sex, in which case he suffers from gender identity disorder[1]. Such a situation usually continues with the growth of the child, and in some cases it continues and reaches its maximum intensity, which is the demand of the person to change his anatomical characteristics in the form of the gender to which the person considers himself to belong. This category of people is called transsexual [2] (Giddens, 2016).

    Usually, in clients suffering from sexual identity disorder, we see several variables in the space of family communication and early development conditions that distinguish them from others. This distinction strengthens the assumption that the child's developmental framework and early communication can provide a quality that leads to gender identity disorder. In addition, various factors are involved in this disorder in terms of etiology. Biological-psychological factors such as prenatal stress, genetic disorders, hormonal disorders, neurological problems and problems related to the central nervous system, as well as some personality traits, can be mentioned as the most important factors in the formation of this disorder. The frequency of this information in the general population is one thousandth for men and one three thousandth for women (Raisi and Nasahi, 2013). (Kaplan[3] and Sadok[4], 2003).

    Sexual identity disorders are defined as a group of disorders whose common feature is a strong and stable preference to adopt the status and role of the opposite sex. Sufferers of gender identity disorder are people with a stable gender identity that differs from the gender they were born with, and they tend to change their body appearance in accordance with their gender identity (Vial [5] et al., citing Bashart et al., 2011). Some of them are people with male physical gender and female gender identity (MF-TS) and another group with female physical gender and male gender identity FM-TS. This disorder mostly affects people who are biologically male (Sun and Bosiniski [6], 2007).

    Sexual identity disorder causes clinical distress or destruction in important areas of social, occupational and other fields, and also affects the personality and behavioral system and finally the social adjustment of people. The first problem arises in the family when the fathers and mothers of these people are willing to accept such a problem.The first problem that arises in the family is that the parents of these people are not ready to accept such a problem. Due to cultural and social views and aspects of prejudice and reputation, they do not allow themselves to take action to solve this problem. The fear of being criticized in the family, community and neighborhood makes them resist their children's wishes and desires, which results in arguments, fights, beatings and driving them away from home and family. Studies conducted on the families of patients with disorders Gender identity shows that many of them had strict, dry and rejecting parents. In Iran, seventy percent of the parents of these patients have a combination of anger and repression, or they are surprised and saddened to hear their child's request to change gender (Jawaheri and Koochian 2015). In addition, families do not easily understand and cope with the identity issues of people with gender identity disorder. Instead of trying to understand the feelings of a person with gender identity disorder, the family environment is deeply influenced by social prejudices (Parola [7] et al., 2010).

    Meanwhile, social and family support and quality of life can be variables that can be used as shock absorbers against the emotional distress of these people (Gamzgil [8] et al., citing Basharat and colleagues, 2013).

    In fact, in clients suffering from gender identity disorder, we observe several variables in the space of intra-family communication and early development conditions that distinguish them from others. These distinctions strengthen the assumption that the child's developmental and early communication framework can provide a quality that leads to gender identity disorder. Every family uses certain methods in the personal and social education of their children. These methods, which are called parenting methods, are affected by various factors, including cultural, social, political, economic, etc. that creates an effective interactive atmosphere. Parenting methods are a determining and effective factor that plays an important role in child development and psychopathology (Alizadeh and Andrais, cited by Hosseini Nesab et al., 2013). Yang[10] believed that some schemas, especially those that are formed mainly as a result of adverse childhood experiences and child-parent relationships, may be the core of personality disorders. milder cognitive behavioral problems and many chronic axis I disorders (Yang et al., 2016).

    Early interpersonal experiences affect future interpersonal functioning and problem-solving methods (Basharat et al., 2015).

    Sexual role acceptance disorder or gender identity disorder is one of the disorders that confuses people and prevents them from accepting and presenting responsibilities and social rights and privileges because most people are deprived of accepting men. Feminine or masculine women avoid. Gender identity disorder changes the path of a person's life. It creates many problems in all physical, psychological, social, economic and family dimensions. It increases the feeling of dependence, decreases self-confidence, decreases social capital and increases the feeling of vulnerability in sufferers. It disrupts daily functions, social activities, and mental peace, and makes sufferers dependent on others and in need of their support. In addition to not being able to participate in usual social activities, all these problems along with various treatments,

    complications and high costs of treatment, lead to a decrease in their quality of life (Mohved Vahseinzadeh Kasmani, 2009).

    Quality of life is a dynamic and dynamic nature, not a static nature, which means that it is a time-dependent process and internal and external changes are involved. Poor quality of life can also affect family relationships. make an impact Poor quality of life can cause people to use ineffective coping and adaptation mechanisms and subsequently increase tension in them. And the increase in tension is related to physical and physical factors and can increase the severity of the disease in people (Agha Moulai, 2014, quoted by Mohd Vahsinzadeh Kasmani, 2015).

  • Contents & References of Comparison of parenting styles, quality of life and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people

    List:

    List of Content

    Title .. Page

    Abstract .. 1

    Chapter 1 of Research Generality

    Introduction .. 3

    Issue Expression .. 4

    Importance and Importance of Research. 8

    The purpose of the research.. 9

    The general purpose.. 9

    The hypotheses of the research. 9

    The main hypotheses. 9

     Subhypotheses. 9

    Theoretical and operational definition of research. 10

    Theoretical definition of parenting methods. 10

    Theoretical definition of quality of life. 10

    Theoretical definition of personality dimensions, nature and character. 10

    Theoretical definition of innovation. 10

    Theoretical definition of injury avoidance. 10

    Theoretical definition of dependency reward. 10

    Theoretical definition of perseverance. 10

    Theoretical definition of self-strategy. 10

    Theoretical definition of cooperation. 11

    Theoretical definition of self-transcendence. 11

    Theoretical definition of gender identity disorder. 11

    Operational definition of parenting style. 11

    Operational definition of quality of life. 11

    Operational definition of personality dimensions, nature and character. 12

    Operational definition of Nojooi. 12

    Operational definition of harm avoidance. 12

    Operational definition of affiliate reward. 12

    Operational definition of perseverance. 12

    Operational definition of self-strategy. 12

    Operational definition of cooperation. 12

    Operational definition of self-development. 12

    Operational definition of gender identity disorder. 12

    The second chapter, a review of literature and research background

    Theoretical foundations of parenting methods. 15

    Theoretical foundations of quality of life. 26

    Theoretical foundations of personality. 42

    Theoretical foundations of identity and gender identity disorder. 68

    Research background. 82

    Gender identity disorder and parenting styles. 82

    Gender identity disorder and quality of life. 4 8

    Sexual identity disorder and personality traits. 85

    Chapter 3 Research implementation method

    Overview of the research..90

    Statistical society..90

    Statistical sample and sampling method. 90

    Measurement tools and how to implement them. 91

    Sexual identity disorder..91

    Style 91

    Dimensions of personality, nature and character. 95

    Statistical method of data analysis. 97

    Ethical considerations of research.

    Inferential findings..104

    Chapter five, discussion and conclusion

    Summary..116

    Explanation of findings related to the research hypotheses.

    Resources..128

    Appendix..145

    English abstract..153

    Source:

    Persian sources

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Comparison of parenting styles, quality of life and personality dimensions in people with gender identity disorder and normal people
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