The relationship between emotional dyslexia and introversion with marital satisfaction

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree

Clinical Psychology Department

Abstract

The general purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between emotional dyslexia and introversion/extroversion with marital satisfaction. This research is a correlational research. The statistical population in the present study includes all married undergraduate, master's and doctoral students in the academic year 2012-2013 of the Islamic Azad Universities of Gilan province, who have lived together for at least 2 years. The subjects of this study included 396 married students (198 student couples, i.e. 198 women and 198 men). Random multi-stage cluster sampling was used. The research tools were: 1- Toronto scale of emotional dyslexia. 2- Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. 3- Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. For the statistical analysis of the research data, Pearson's correlation tests and stepwise multiple regression analysis and dependent groups' t-test were used. The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between introversion/extroversion and marital satisfaction (r=0.214, p<0.000). While between emotional dyslexia and marital satisfaction (r=0.05, 0.027) Keywords: emotional dyslexia, introversion/extroversion, marital satisfaction In this chapter, the generalities of the research are discussed. Therefore, topics such as introduction, statement of the problem, importance and necessity of the research, research objectives, research hypotheses, statement of variables and conceptual and operational definition of the research variables are discussed.

1-1-Introduction

In today's societies, people's lives have undergone rapid and dramatic changes in all dimensions. The reflection of the complex nature of these changes and developments in the personal and social lives of people is quite noticeable and tangible. Marriage and married life and family formation are not excluded from this rule. Men and women for many reasons, including insufficient knowledge of each other, unrealistic expectations and expectations from marriage and spouse, economic, social and moral problems. They must experience many issues and problems in creating and maintaining a close and intimate relationship with each other. Marital satisfaction can be a reflection of the level of happiness of people from the marital relationship or a combination of satisfaction through many factors specific to the marital relationship. Marital satisfaction can be considered as a psychological situation that does not arise by itself but requires the efforts of both couples. Especially in the early years, marital satisfaction is very unstable and they are at the greatest risk in relationships. (Ahmadi et al., 2010).

Emotional ataxia It refers to confusion in emotional and cognitive actions, along with the inability to transform the emotional arousal of experiences into feelings and imaginations that are symbols and signs of emotions. One of the characteristics of emotional dyslexia can be the continuous description of physical signs instead of emotions, speech and objective thoughts related to external events, as well as the poverty and limitation of imaginative life (Sifnos [3], 2000). and regulation of emotions are faced with difficulties. Emotional dyslexia is generally considered as a defect in emotional self-regulation (Kreitler [4], 2002). Expression of emotions is the main factor in differentiating happy from unhappy couples, because it plays an important role in the intimacy of the relationship (Catherine and Timmerman, 2003, quoted in Besharat, 2011).  The mutual expression of emotions in couples creates a feeling of being supported and leads to more self-disclosure (Sanderson and Evans [5], 2001).

Character [6] represents those characteristics of people that show their fixed pattern of behavior (Pervin, 1989, translation of Javadi 1378). Jung called the two words introversion and extroversion as two dimensions of people's personality and believed that these people psychologically fit into one of these two. Their extroverted attitude leads a person to the objective world, while the introverted attitude makes him face the world. These two attitudes usually exist in every person, but usually one is dominant and the other is submissive and unconscious. Jung has characteristics for each (introverted and extroverted people). the number Introverts pay attention to their thoughts and feelings, they value the future and are conservative, they consider principles and standards more important than their actions, and they are better at writing than speaking. Its extroverts pay attention to people and things.They live in the present and pay attention to their own actions. They are warm-hearted, talkative, easy to get along with, and sociable. Based on this, we can predict how people will react in different situations according to their personality. Personality directly and as an influential factor affects the communication process of couples and of course it also affects the marital satisfaction of couples. A person's personality calls for specific and different types of reactions from the other party, which generally affects their satisfaction (Coughlin, Halton and Holt [7], 2000). According to what has been said, the general purpose of the present research is to examine the relationship between emotional dyslexia and introversion/extroversion with marital satisfaction. 1-2-Statement of the problem Evidence indicates that couples in today's societies have widespread and numerous problems in order to establish and maintain intimate relationships and understand the feelings of their spouses. Along with many other factors such as (economic, cultural, social factors, etc.) it has adverse effects on their social life, and logically, the greater the dissatisfaction with the joint life, the greater the possibility of incompatibility and separation (Parsa, 2017).

In well-functioning families, couples not only acknowledge the existence of marital conflict. Rather, these conflicts and problems are solved in an effective way (Griff [8], 2000).

Emotional dyslexia in the original sense refers to the lack of words to name and describe emotions, which is derived from the Greek root (Alexi [9]), the absence of the word (Thimos [10]) emotion (Campos, Chiva, Moreo [11], 2000) People with this trait have problems in understanding the emotional states of others and in personal relationships They show limited empathy (Krystal [12], 1979; quoted by Hashemi et al., 2011). Effective communication plays a prominent role in marital satisfaction and can play an important role in creating a sense of security in couples (Stanley [13] et al., 2002). Expressing emotions is a key factor in distinguishing satisfied from unhappy couples, because it plays an important role in the development of intimacy (Yam [14] et al., 2003). Evans[15], 2001).

Although having cultural, religious, and religious similarity is one of the necessary criteria for choosing a spouse, the existence of these factors is not enough to establish and continue an enjoyable and successful life. One of the criteria that must be paid more attention to is the personal characteristics of people (personality type). Berstein [16], 2002, translation of Sohrabi, 1373). Due to the fact that marital dissatisfaction and divorce have caused physical and mental disorders of couples (Sappington [17], 1999; translation by Hossein Shahi Barvati, 2012). And finally, from unhealthy families, the society will also be harmed, all these things force the researcher to discover the components of marital satisfaction in order to be able to identify its factors. Therefore, the present research seeks to answer the question of whether there is a relationship between introversion/extroversion and emotional dyslexia with marital satisfaction? Facing the problems of feelings of failure and humiliation. Emotions and emotions prevail over spouses instead of reason and logic. Therefore, recognizing and guiding emotions is very important to maintain marital relations. According to the research conducted on spouses' relationships, it seems that the components of emotional intelligence can be effective in marital satisfaction. Intimate relationships between couples require communication skills, such as people's attention to issues from their spouse's point of view and the ability to empathize with what their spouse has experienced, as well as being sensitive and aware of his needs (Gutman [18] et al., 1976). They master the way of expressing their feelings and emotions towards others, especially their spouses, they prevent many encounters and misunderstandings in their married life (Parsa, 2017). Marital satisfaction is a process that occurs during the life of a couple, because it requires the adaptation of tastes, the recognition of personality traits, the creation of behavioral rules, and the formation of communication patterns (Ahmadi, 2012).