The relationship between the personality traits of recovered (helper group) and non-recovered (recovering group) addicts in the TC center with the help of the TCI test

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Psychology (M.A)

Clinical Orientation

Abstract:

Problem statement: Identifying personality factors and drug addiction helps to diagnose and treat addiction as best as possible, and by providing counseling and psychological services in time, it is possible to prevent the addiction of susceptible people to some extent. is improving) addiction.

Method: The current research is a comparative causal study. In this research, 55 addicts have been selected by available sampling method, 35 of them are recovered (helper group) and 20 are non-recovered (recovering) group. Information was collected by principal component analysis and independent t-test using Cloninger's temperament and personality questionnaire. Findings: The results of the above research showed that according to P = 0.05 and the value of the T statistic is greater than 1.96, the existence of a significant relationship between the personality traits of recovered and non-recovered individuals is confirmed. In addition, the examination of the factor loading of the traits showed that the traits of perseverance, dependence, cooperation, and self-direction have the greatest effect on recovery and addiction, respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, some personality dimensions in recovery or The recovery of non-recovery is effective and a small number of the group in recovery can reach the stage of finding and quitting addiction. Keywords: personality traits, addiction, nature and character, recovered people, non-recovered people. Chapter 1: Research Overview 1-1 Introduction Drug abuse is one of the most important health, social and economic problems in most countries. Drugs are multifaceted or multifactorial and various psychological, social, cultural and genetic factors are involved in this field (Kaplan, Sadok, 2003).

Drug abuse has always brought many problems in the scope of human life, including the decline of public health, increase in mortality, family and social damage, loss of educational and job opportunities, increase in the rate of conflict with the judicial system, creation of a cycle of drug use, the continuation of damage and its recovery in the next generations. .

Personality traits are considered to be important etiological factors in the tendency towards high-risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol, drugs and unsafe sexual activities (Oladi, Navidian, Farsani 2013).

From the psychological point of view, drug abusers have a vulnerable personality trait (Bond, 2005).

So the problem of addicts is not only drugs, but also the relationship between personality and addiction. (Katabi, Maher, Borjtali, 2014).

And the personality structure of some people is more prone to accepting addiction than others (Gorgani, 1990).

People's beliefs and attitudes about substances and the positive and negative consequences of their use have an effect on the tendency to use substances. that the person starts using drugs, or if the person does not have enough self-confidence and does not give in to peer pressure, which is considered one of the factors of drug use.

The results of the researchers' research showed that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between personality factors and the tendency to use drugs (Adrum, Nik Menesh, Bakhshani, 2010). which can play a significant role in the occurrence of behavioral disorders, including addictive behaviors and dependence on drugs and alcohol. Of course, while challenging this role, we are trying to focus research on drug addiction. Researchers have been looking for the connection between maladaptive behaviors and personality traits for a long time.

Eysenck and God Johnson [1] (1989) showed with a research that the psychotic personality type (including aggression, coldness, self-centeredness, impulsivity, etc.) is related to delinquent and antisocial behaviors and even in adulthood it is a strong component for alcohol, smoking and drug addiction. to be And according to Eyseng (1997), it is the most important personality type or factor to explain addiction.

In other researches, Wills et al.[2] (1994) and Moss and Tremblay[3] (1997), find that the trait of sensation-seeking nature, which is similar to novelty in Cloninger's theory, is related to antisocial behaviors and also widely to the use of psychoactive substances. Of course, according to Cloninger (1988), the set of personality traits related to nature such as diversity, dependence on rewards, etc. They are a good predictor for alcohol abuse or dependence. And finally, we can refer to the research of Miller [4] and colleagues (2003) that the personality traits of a good drinker in the negative dimension (emotional coldness, mistrust, callousness and aggression) significantly affect the occurrence of aggression and the stability of behavioral disorders in teenagers. And these traits in adulthood are strongly related to the occurrence of antisocial personality and addiction.

From the total of personality traits mentioned in the above research, it can be concluded that some personality traits are effective in maladaptive behaviors, including addiction.

1-3 The importance and necessity of conducting research

Drug use is considered one of the most dangerous phenomena of human societies in the present era. Today, the extent of addiction has spread to the world, which has become a chronic and social disease and has endangered social security.

In Iran, during the last 30 years, addiction has grown by 8% annually. This problem becomes more important because it is one of the most acute problems of the young generation, and it leads to the deterioration of the personality and physical strength of people and the withdrawal of young people from active life scenes (National Center for Addiction Studies, 2001).

Thus, the extraction of some personality traits by the Cloninger test in our research (as we briefly mentioned some of the traits in the statement of the problem), to educational institutions for children and adolescents, and even adults (rehab centers or prisons) will provide a good predictive profile of maladaptive behaviors. Among these behaviors is drug addiction. This profile can be used for prevention, especially with the increasing statistics of addiction in our country.  

Kloninger has tried to create a solid theoretical framework in the two fields of nature and character by looking at and emphasizing biological parameters. And also in the sixth edition of the book of psychiatry (Saduk and Saduk, 2000), this questionnaire was considered. With the use of this questionnaire, one of the clinical problems of psychiatry in Iran can be solved to a certain extent (Kaviani and Pournaseh, 384).

The reason for choosing the TCI character and character test is the analysis of the two factors of a person's nature and environment, which have led him to the fate of addiction, and the impact of these two factors and the severity of inherent and environmental deficiencies (parents and living environment) that have evolved in the person's past, and in the community center, TC will help the person more in quitting addiction.

4-1-Specific Research Objectives

Research Objectives:

1- From a diagnostic point of view: by implementing the Cloninger personality test, we will be able to identify personality traits that are related to addiction and attract people who are less likely to slip and make mistakes. This goal helps us to see the people who can leave their addiction and the possibility of their incompatibility with the TC center is less.

2- In terms of prevention: providing a comprehensive plan of personality traits and states that can determine the level of vulnerability of a person (especially from adolescence and early adulthood) to maladaptive behaviors and especially addiction.

5-1 Research hypotheses

Hypothesis Research:

1- A certain group of addicts will be able to achieve sustainable recovery under the influence of their personality traits.

1-6 Conceptual and operational definitions of research variables

1-6-1 Theoretical definitions:

The variables studied in this research are evaluated based on their independence or dependence. We intend to predict the improvement or non-improvement of drug addiction behavior (dependent variable: recovering and recovered in two groups) with the presence of personality traits of character and nature (independent variables).

The variables studied in this research are as follows:

. Personality traits that include innovation, harm avoidance, rewards of dependence and perseverance, self-direction and cooperation, self-processing.

The four dimensions of temperament are as follows:

1- Novelty seeking: Behavioral activation is the calling of behavior in response to new and new stimuli and phenomena (getting rewards or freedom from punishment).