The relationship between dimensions of religious orientation and emotional intelligence with marital satisfaction

Academic Thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the field: Psychology, Orientation: Clinical

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between dimensions of religious orientation and emotional intelligence with marital life satisfaction. In this research, 302 married men and women with an average age of 40 years and a standard deviation of 5.73 and a length of marriage with an average of 15.66 and a standard deviation of 4.29, of which 58.9% were cultural women, and 72.8% of them had a bachelor's degree. Jediri answered. Dimensions of religious orientation and emotional intelligence as predictor variables and marital satisfaction as criterion variables and analysis of the collected data using descriptive statistics (prevalence, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple regression, Pearson correlation coefficient) and SPSS 20 software were analyzed. Correlation values ??between dimensions of religious orientation and marital satisfaction of educators are statistically significant. is (p>0.01); Two variables (religiosity, religious valuing) have been able to explain 23% of the variance of teachers' marital satisfaction (criterion variable); disorganization and self-seeking dimensions did not have a significant role in predicting teachers' marital satisfaction; therefore, we conclude with 0.99 confidence that the prediction of teachers' marital satisfaction based on religious orientation dimensions is statistically significant. Also, three subscales of emotional intelligence (happiness, problem solving, empathy) have been able to explain 26% of the variance of teachers' marital satisfaction (criterion variable); Other components of emotional intelligence did not have a significant role in predicting teachers' marital satisfaction. There is a positive correlation between the components of emotional intelligence with the dimensions of religious orientation of teachers (r = 0.14), which is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded with 99% confidence that the religious orientation of teachers increases with the increase of emotional intelligence components.

Key words: religious orientation, emotional intelligence, marital satisfaction.

1 Introduction

The family is the smallest social unit and the basis of the formation of society and the preservation of human emotions, which should be considered as much as possible. Family formation and marital relationships begin with marriage. Marriage forms the core of the family. Healthy couples make healthy families and healthy families make a healthy society. Marriage can be considered as one of the stages of human development. If the marriage is successful, it helps a lot in the psycho-social development of the couple. [1] The success of a long marriage depends on the level of people's readiness for their realistic understanding of marital relations (Forman, 2002).

In general, no matter how far we distance ourselves from the family, we cannot distance ourselves from the family, because without the existence of the family in any form and shape, the concept of human life and vitality will not be valid. The most important point in explaining the philosophy of marriage in the Qur'an is that when God expresses the wisdom of marriage and family formation, he refers to the wisdom of creating a wife and Family formation does not refer to the survival of the generation with righteous children or the prevention of corruption or moral and social construction or the development of Islamic values, but it refers to the wisdom without which none of the goals of human creation can be realized, and that is mental peace. Without mental peace, you cannot expect piety from the youth. Without this peace, neither a healthy and righteous generation will emerge, nor will moral and social construction take place, nor will religious values ??and the ideal of monotheism spread. Religious texts provide effective components in this field. For example, one of the components of marital consent in religious texts is the roles that each couple should play.

Marriage has always been confirmed as the most important and highest social ritual to achieve the emotional and security needs of adults. Also, paying attention to the family center with a healthy and productive environment and warm relationships and interpersonal and intimate interactions that can lead to the growth and development of people are among the goals and needs of marriage (Bernstein and Bernstein, [2] 1989).  Marriage is a phenomenon that can bring peace and mental health to men and women, as it can reach a point where, instead of providing the mental energy of the couple, it takes a lot of energy from them and causes all kinds of mental disorders.In this case, there are only two solutions left: First, although their married life is full of turmoil, they should endure it, and the second solution is divorce, which is the way many people choose in recent years. "Al-Rajal al-Qawamoun 'Ali al-Nisaa" . . (Nisaa: 34) This consistency is more evident in the two areas of providing a livelihood (Nisaa/34) and good company and satisfying the emotional needs of the wife "Asheerohunna beal-ma'aroof" (Nisaa: 19). Also, the Holy Qur'an and narrative texts consider the main role of a woman in life to be loving to her husband and family. (14) "And make love between you and mercy" (Romans: 21).

Marital relationship is a unique human relationship that cannot be compared to any other interpersonal relationship. It is only in this form of relationship that all dimensions Biological, spiritual, social and emotional aspects of human beings are taken into consideration. Researches show that husbands and wives who have satisfactory and supportive relationships are less likely to suffer from a serious illness, and in case of illness, they recover faster. High marital satisfaction has an inverse relationship with the occurrence of infidelity in the common life. In this sense, couples with high marital satisfaction are less likely to be involved in extramarital affairs. In addition, marital satisfaction is associated with a decrease in the occurrence of mental disorders. Such as anxiety in both couples, depression in women, alcohol abuse in men, and sexual problems in both parties are related (Nazari, 2013). In general, the main reasons for divorce can be considered as the lack of personal understanding and cultural and social differences, the undesiredness of the marriage process, sexual dissatisfaction, lack of training in life skills, incompatibility of couples' attachment styles, ineffective beliefs and attitudes, and unreasonable expectations from marriage. (Glading, translation of Ismaili, 2012). Ellis [3] believes that people's irrational attitudes and perceptions can play a significant role in creating an ineffective emotional relationship. From the perspective of cognitive therapists, the root of many misunderstandings in married life is the prejudiced and irrational thoughts of couples (Janet[4], translated by Rahmati, 2010). These features separate him from other creatures on the planet. Feelings, emotions, excitement, and the ability to judge one's own behavior and that of others, and make decisions based on these judgments, are only a part of these God-given characteristics that have burdened human responsibility. Specialists in various sciences, especially psychologists, sought to create a comprehensive concept that includes all communication patterns and techniques for cultivating these patterns in all areas of human life, especially marital life, and can increase the efficiency and ability of people and help their mental health. The result of these efforts led to the invention of the concept of emotional intelligence. Gradually, with the creation of components, dimensions and measurement tools, and the discovery of centers such as the neocortex, limbic, and amygdala of the brain, which played an important role in emotion, it became a concept (Bradbury [5], translation by Ganji, 2013). Marital life is a tissue full of emotions. In conflict-ridden marriages, there is a lot of excitement between couples, which can be seen in the form of increased heart rate, blushing or turning the color of the skin white. appears. These excitements can lead to the escalation of conflicts. Also, studies have shown that couples differ in their ability to accurately understand and recognize their own and others' emotions. For example, some couples are obviously inattentive to their spouse's emotional symptoms and ignore them or are ready to misinterpret these emotions. For example, they consider the sadness of the wife as anger. On the other hand, unsuccessful couples have a habit of giving ambiguous and confusing emotional messages to the other party (such as frowning and laughing at the same time), which can lead to the escalation of interpersonal conflicts. Successful marriages are known by understanding and controlling the emotions of both parties, especially controlling anger and expressing it correctly. Is emotional intelligence the golden key to a successful marriage? The level of couples' satisfaction with married life depends to a large extent on the effective resolution of conflicts, management of negative emotions (such as: anger and hatred) and expression of positive emotions. The results of several studies have shown that the ability to self-control and control emotions plays a large role in the happiness, continuity and stability of married life (Rice [6], 2003).