Effectiveness of metacognition and creativity teaching strategies on academic self-concept

Number of pages: 126 File Format: word File Code: 30239
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Psychology
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  • Summary of Effectiveness of metacognition and creativity teaching strategies on academic self-concept

    Academic Thesis for Master's Degree

    Field: Psychology Major: General

    Abstract

    In order to investigate the effect of teaching metacognitive strategies and creativity on students' academic thinking in a quasi-experimental method, 54 seventh grade female students of one of the schools in district 2 of Tehran were randomly selected from among 75 students of the same grade in the said location and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (each group of 18 people) have been assigned. The sample subjects have completed the academic self-concept questionnaire (Delaware, 1372) before and after the implementation of the independent variables of metacognitive strategies (experimental group 1) and creativity training (experimental group 2). Training of metacognitive strategies using the model of Sexton et al. (1998) was implemented in experimental group 1 and creativity training using the model of Williams (1970) and Torrance (1962) was implemented in experimental group 2 and the control group did not receive any type of training.

    Multivariate covariance analysis has shown that metacognitive strategies training is effective on the academic self-concept of seventh grade students with 95% confidence. 95% confidence of creativity education is also effective on the academic self-concept of this group of students.

    Keywords: 7th grade students_metacognitive strategies_creativity_educational self-concept

    The most prominent characteristics of human beings and the basis of continuity of life is the power of thought. And one of the regrettable deficiencies in many students and in the later stages of adults is their inability to express their thoughts and solve problems and in some way create and innovate. Although a human being has never been free from thinking throughout his life, with the power of correct thinking, he has made decisions and been able to solve problems and problems and achieve growth and excellence. But it is necessary to think correctly and think creatively, solve problems, practice. Considering that creative thinking is one of the most complex and excellent manifestations of human thought. It is necessary for students to get used to beautiful thoughts. Therefore, the most important role of the teacher is to guide the students in this way and to use different strategies. Among these strategies is metacognition training and creative hand-made construction training, which has received the attention of education and training in recent years. Experience shows that if we describe and teach the concepts of cognitive and metacognitive psychology and practical works (handmade constructions) well, we will witness a significant progress in the direction of raising a creative generation with high problem solving power and the flourishing of talents in various fields of study in education. In a way, this will lead to the loss of self-esteem in our teenagers, and after that, it will increase the self-concept of education.

    These concepts fit with many beliefs of education experts. That is, by supporting active and not passive learning, by valuing individual differences, and by feeling that students are social human beings. Students often try to follow tutorials, while they have no idea about what they are doing, and they are often unable to explain their own methods to solve problems. Or they are not able to innovate and build. If intelligent behavior is spread as a product of education, then educational strategies that are purposefully biased and the abilities of metacognition and creative thinking, and the construction and production of new tools that include new thoughts and ideas to create the labor market, should be planned in the teaching methods of education and education. If it is not so desirable, it should be noted that when metacognition is taught, additional pressure is not applied to students to focus more.

    In various ways, students' metacognition ability and creativity can be increased. Among these methods is asking questions and giving examples to students (Darweze 1377). In this regard, Palinskar[1] and Brown[2] proposed bilateral education.

    In addition, adults advance their goals and intentions by skillfully coordinating various strategies, which include producing, organizing, evaluating and compiling their statements.. On the contrary, students who have problems in the process of problem solving use different and unconscious methods to combine, which minimize the role of planning and mainly operate without metacognitive control (McCutchen [3] 1981, cited by Dellapazogram, 1977). 1977) TREE [4] and examine creativity in the academic concept of female students using five sub-processes of metacognitive strategies and creativity training to create creative thinking according to the principles of Williams and Torrance. Creativity in science, art, literature, and other aspects of culture and civilization have always been respected by humans, and for this reason, the cultivation of creative talents should be at the top of the educational goals. Today, experts consider creativity as a fundamental knowledge for any change and innovation and an important factor in accelerating human scientific and technological innovations. Existing studies also show that the center of gravity of new movements in the future will be creativity and the extent of using creative thinking. Based on this, one of the serious and predictable challenges of mankind in the future is the issue of the amount of use of creative minds and personalities in various scientific and research, technological and health fields (Pirkhafi et al., 2018). Creativity is the most powerful human ability in the human body from childhood to adulthood. According to Rogers, a person is born creative by nature, however, creativity is not evolved and advanced in the early stages of life, and therefore needs attention and guidance. It is definitely the first place of childhood creativity. Therefore, it takes a long time for the child to gain experience and enrich his creativity. Undoubtedly, creativity is not only needed for childhood. A child needs creativity for his whole life. Guilford recognizes creativity as an action or behavior that provides a suitable solution to a problem. He says that creativity is to show action or behavior and creative ability, and in general, creative action means providing a suitable solution to problems and issues. Therefore, until a person faces a problem, creativity will not be issued from him. Therefore, creativity requires the use of a type of thinking that Gilford calls divergent thinking, that is, finding a solution to a problem in a different way from normal solutions (Pir Khaifi, 2014). Creativity is one of the cognitive dimensions of a person, which plays an effective role in the growth and development of a person and human civilization. All human inventions and scientific and artistic achievements spring from creativity. The research done in the field of creativity shows that it can be cultivated by using appropriate methods. It seems that teaching metacognitive strategies is one of the methods of cultivating creativity. Self-concept is also one of the variables that can be related to creativity and be affected by the changes caused by teaching metacognitive strategies. Self-concept is a network of positive and negative ideas and beliefs about oneself, accepting or rejecting oneself. In various studies, this concept is defined with different terms synonymous with self-esteem and self-regulation. Academic self-concept is also the process of forming an evaluation of self-concept influenced by students' educational experiences and the interpretation of the educational environment (Pekran [5] et al., 2011) and expresses individual knowledge and perceptions about our own strengths and weaknesses in a certain academic field and individual opinions about our abilities to successfully complete academic assignments at the designed levels and is one of the best predictors and mediators for effective and ineffective motivational variables and among the effective factors in the process. It is learning (Akram Ranauzfraqbal, 2005) cognitive strategies are ways of learning. In comparison with them, metacognitive strategies are strategies for monitoring cognitive strategies and controlling and guiding them. We solve it, we get to know. Metacognition also plays an important role in problem solving, self-control, self-learning and behavior change (Niyaz Azari, 2012)

    In the learning process, a space should be created so that students have the opportunity to think and the teacher should teach how to think instead of teaching thinking.

  • Contents & References of Effectiveness of metacognition and creativity teaching strategies on academic self-concept

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    Table of Contents

    Title

    Abstract 1

    Chapter One: General Research. 2

    1-Introduction 3

    1-1 Statement of the problem: 4

    1-2 Objectives of the research. 7

    A) Main objective: 7

    B) Secondary objectives: 7

    1-3 Research hypotheses: 7

    1-4 Importance and necessity of research. 7

    1-5 theoretical and operational definitions of variables 8

    1-5-1 conceptual definition of metacognitive strategies: 8

    1-5-2 conceptual definition of creativity: 9

    1-5-3 conceptual definition of academic self-concept: 9

    1-5-4 operational definition of metacognitive strategies: 9

    1-5-5 operational definition of creativity: 9

    1-5-6 operational definition of academic self-concept: 9

    1-6 research variables: 10

    Chapter two: theoretical foundations of research and research background. 11

    2-Introduction: 12

    2-1 Definition of metacognition. 12

    2-1-1 metacognitive strategies. 13

    2-1-1-1 self-study. 16

    2-1-1-2 self-review. 16

    2-1-1-3 self-questioning. 16

    2-1-1-4 self-discipline. 17

    2-1-1-5 two-way teaching 17

    2-1-1-6 documentary retraining. 18

    2-1-2 Brown's strategies about helping students' metacognition. 18

    2-1-3 Gusta's strategies for developing students' metacognition. 20

    2-1-4 characteristics of metacognitive strategies. 23

    2-1-5 Evaluating the growth of metacognitive abilities. 27

    2-2 definitions of creativity. 27

    2-2-1 The importance of creativity. 31

    2-2-2 stages of creativity. 31

    2-2-3 important features in creativity. 32

    2-2-4 effective factors in creativity and its growth. 34

    2-2-5 Creativity from the point of view of different schools. 35

    2-2-5-1 school of behaviorism: 35

    2-2-5-2 school of psychoanalysis: 36

    2-2-6 characteristics of creative people. 37

    2-2-6-1 cognitive characteristics of creative people. 37

    2-2-6-2 motivational characteristics of creative people. 37

    2-2-6-3 personality traits of creative people. 38

    2-2-7 Cultivating creativity and ideas in students. 42

    2-2-8 Torrance principles. 43

    2-2-9 Williafer's creativity development model. 44

    2-3 self-concept 46

    2-3-1 definitions of self-concept 47

    2-3-2 sources of self-concept 49

    2-3-3 dimensions of self-concept 50

    2-3-4 growth and change of self-concept 51

    2-3-5 effective factors On the growth of self-concept 52

    2-3-6 Importance of self-concept 53

    2-3-7 Components and elements of self-concept 54

    2-3-8 Characteristics of self-concept 56

    2-3-9 Theoretical models of self-concept 58

    2-3-9-1 One-dimensional models: 58

    2-3-9-2 multidimensional model of self-concept 59

    2-4 research background. 63

    2-4-1 Overview of the domestic background. 63

    2-4-2 Overview of foreign background. 64

    Chapter three: Method of conducting research. 69

    3- Introduction 70

    3-1 research method. 70

    3-2 Statistical population. 70

    3-3 samples and sampling methods. 70

    3-4 research tools. 71

    3-5 research implementation method. 72

    3-5-1 training package of metacognitive strategies. 72

    3-5-2 creativity training package. 72

    6-3 data analysis method 72

    Chapter four: research findings. 73

    4- Introduction 74

    4-1 Data description 75

    4-2 Inferential findings. 78

    4-3 The first research hypothesis. 79

    4-4 The second research hypothesis. 80

    4-5 the third hypothesis of the research. 82

    Chapter five: conclusions and suggestions. 83

    5-1 Discussion and conclusion: 84

    5-1-1 Discussion and review of the first hypothesis: 84

    5-1-2 Discussion and review of the second hypothesis: 84

    5-1-3 Discussion and review of the third hypothesis 85

    5-2 Research limitations and problems. 87

    5-2-1 Limitations in authority: 87

    5-2-2 Limitations outside authority: 88

    5-3 Proposals 88

    5-3-1 Practical proposals. 88

    5-3-2 suggestions for other scholars. 89

    Appendices 90

    Resources. 109

    Persian sources. 109

    English sources. 112

    Sources and sources

    Persian sources

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Effectiveness of metacognition and creativity teaching strategies on academic self-concept