The application of data mining in discovering hidden knowledge among the data of the 137 system of Tehran Municipality

Master's Thesis in Urban Affairs Management

Abstract

Municipality is one of the most key organizations that plays an important role in providing urban services to citizens. By applying the knowledge of information technology and telecommunication systems as well as the ability of internal and experienced specialists in urban management, this organization has created a system that brings citizens into the field of management of their living environment and has tried to carry out urban affairs with the active participation of these citizens. Therefore, the 137 system can be considered a database that contains valuable data in the field of urban issues. 

The information obtained from this system contains useful information about the services provided to the citizens and can be used as an important and suitable source in data mining analysis. For example, by using these analyses, it is possible to predict the events and problems that may plague the city in the future and prepare to deal with these problems.

In this research, which is considered a type of applied-descriptive research, the data of 1389 system 137 has been used to perform the data mining process using Clementine 12 software. One of the results of this research is determining the homogeneity of the regions from the perspective of the 137 system using the clustering technique into two categories; Which shows that the regions that are in the second category are more prepared and aware to communicate with the system and the higher contact rate of the citizens of these regions has nothing to do with their problems.

Also, by using the rules of dependence, the relationship between problems, regions and regions has been examined and it has been determined which regions in each region are more prone to the occurrence of certain urban problems and problems that the municipality can prevent from occurring by getting more prepared.

In addition, the results obtained, interesting patterns. also obtained in predicting the number of calls related to flooding and flooding in an area based on the amount of precipitation or determining the dependence between the messages of flooding between different areas of a specific area. The results obtained are expected to be effective in managing urban problems and increasing the level of satisfaction of citizens. Keywords: urban management, system 137, data mining, clustering, dependency rules, generalization linear model. Fabric, neural network. Chapter 1. General Introduction. The tendency towards urbanization and its attractions among society is increasing to such an extent that cities are now the most important base of growth and development and the main center of developments. Therefore, in the path of achieving sustainable development, the city is considered an important indicator whose growth and vitality are directly related to how it is managed and the achievements.

Participation, although in its general sense, has long been linked to human life, but in a new sense, it began in the field of politics and after the Second World War. This type of participation began in some industrial countries of the world, in the economic and industrial realm; To make the people share ownership and strengthen the stable foundations and continuity of industry and economy.

But the newest field of participation is the participation of citizens in the administration of city affairs. This type of participation is one of the requirements of urban life and it is realized when the city dwellers change from being individuals who only live in a place called the city and become citizens.

It can be said that one of the important issues in the field of urban management is how citizens evaluate the performance of urban management, trusting this institution and participating in it. Meanwhile, the way urban management works can be an important factor for citizens' trust in urban management and participation with it. In other words, due to the expansion of urbanization and migration to cities, especially the metropolis of Tehran, and taking into account the million population of this city, the inefficiency of traditional city management and the need to use centralized management along with the use of the latest information technology knowledge are felt. One of the obvious problems of the city of Tehran is the lack of timely information of the city managers about the existence and occurrence of incidents and problems in the city, and the greater participation of citizens in the city administration and the direct communication of the people with the city management system through an accessible and inexpensive tool is the solution to this big problem (Amiri 2019).

Therefore, in an innovative measure and using modern information and communication technologies, Tehran Municipality has launched the 137 urban management system to establish direct communication between citizens and city managers in order to convey opinions and demands and express problems related to urban management affairs. makes it necessary in advance. The use of information and communication technology plays an essential role in solving the problems of Tehran and big cities. This issue plays an essential role especially in urban management, urban economy, job creation and raising the level of citizenship culture (Heratizadeh, 2016). One of the appropriate tools to create this organizational knowledge and help managers in decision-making and making correct decisions is the use of modern technologies, such as data mining[1]. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to use data mining techniques in identifying and predicting urban needs and problems based on the data obtained from the urban management system 137. 1-1- Statement of the problem Cities are very complicated today. are There are many problems such as air pollution, noise pollution, mass production of waste, industrial waste disposal, development of roads and asphalt, green space, health, etc. They surround the cities. With the development of cities, the duties of municipalities in providing services have also developed. In today's urban management, which is defined as the administration of city affairs in order to promote the sustainable management of urban areas at the local level and in accordance with the goals of the country's national, economic and social policies, participation and interaction are key concepts (special letter of the Center for Urban Planning Studies, Tehran Municipality 2017, p. 7). Municipality through the 137 system.  This system, which was created in a new approach by Tehran Municipality and with the benefit of information technology knowledge, tries to carry out urban affairs quickly and accurately with the direct opinion and active participation of citizens and tries to bring the residents of the city into the field of management of their living environment. All the messages and requests of the people are stored in the database of the 137 system center, and by using this data, it is possible to provide practical analyzes in different time periods and by different layers of information such as regions, districts and different organizational units. By using these analyses, it is possible to predict the events and problems that may befall the city in the future and prepare to deal with these problems. The ability to extract the useful knowledge hidden in this data is considered a competitive ability in today's world, and it is in such a situation that one should seek benefit from the growth of technology to effectively use this potential wealth, and data mining is also an optimal solution for extracting this wealth.

Data mining, which is one of the ten developing knowledges, has attracted the attention of most organizations in business today, and its purpose is to extract information from databases and find new, valid, useful and understandable patterns in data (http:// www.wikipedia.org).

During the last decade, a large amount of data has been accumulated and stored in databases, and the result of this accumulation is that organizations are rich in data but very weak in acquiring knowledge. Today, the amount of available data doubles every 3 years, and an organization can manage at least 7% of its information. The conducted research shows that organizations today use less than one percent of their data for analysis. In other words, nowadays organizations are drowned in information while they are hungry for knowledge; Because organizations have a lot of data in their possession while they are still facing the lack of hidden knowledge in the data (www.irandamining.ir). on the information of the 137 system and discover the relationships and hidden patterns between the data using different techniques of each of them and review and analyze the results obtained in order to improve the quality of urban services.