The relationship between self-control and family functioning with social adjustment among high school students in Abadeh city

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.)

Tension: General

The relationship between self-control and family functioning with social adjustment

among high school students in Abadeh city

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between family functioning and social adjustment of high school students in Abadeh city. This cross-sectional study - correlation on 350 people The student did. To collect information, Tanjani's self-control questionnaire, family functioning measurement scale and social adjustment questionnaire were used. The data was analyzed by independent t-test of Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between self-control and family performance with students' adjustment, so that self-control and family performance can predict social adjustment to some extent. The findings showed that the mean score of girls is significantly higher than the average score of boys, and girls have higher social adjustment than boys.

From the findings of the present research, it can be inferred that any failure in family functioning creates adverse effects on children's adaptive behaviors.  Also, due to the importance of the role of self-control skills in adaptive behaviors and predicting social adaptation, the need to pay more attention to these factors is felt more and more. Key words: student, family function, social adaptation. In this period, the need for emotional and emotional balance, especially the balance between emotions and intellect, understanding of one's own existential value, self-awareness by choosing real goals in life, emotional independence from the family, maintaining one's mental and emotional balance in the face of stressful life and environmental factors and establishing healthy relationships with others, acquiring the necessary social skills in making friends, controlling anxiety, knowing a healthy and effective life and how to enjoy it are the most important needs of teenagers (Shaarinejad, 2016). Therefore, it seems necessary to help teenagers grow and expand the social skills needed for an effective life, create or increase self-confidence and the nature of self-control in dealing with problems and solving them, as well as helping them grow and develop the emotions and social skills necessary for successful adaptation to the social environment and effective and productive life in society (Shaarinejad, 2016). And it is not enough to follow it unconsciously, and he can also influence the environment and change it in a suitable way (Barlow [1], 1992; quoted by Zare Moghadam, 2015). Parents' performance has a significant effect on the formation of children's thoughts, behavior and emotions. Based on the vulnerability-stress model [2] in psychopathology, many researches examine the role of family factors as the underlying factor in vulnerability and psychological well-being of a person. Environmental-situational factors increase adaptation to the new situation, including individual factors, self-control can be mentioned, and family can be mentioned as important environmental-situational factors.  

Since adaptation shows its impact on many levels of social life, theoretical approaches try to explain the dimensions of adaptation in terms of intervening factors. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship of self-control and family functioning with the social adjustment of the students in order to reveal a corner of the ambiguous points of this important psychological construct. Statement of the problem: People in adolescence and youth face new conditions simultaneously or with a time interval that the multiplicity of these stages doubles the necessity of theoretical analysis of the adjustment of teenagers and young adults. The mentioned stages include entering high school, choosing a field of study, studying at a university, employment, work environment, choosing a spouse, and starting a family. The conditions of adolescence and youth and the multitude of the mentioned stages increase the sensitivity of examining the issue of compatibility. Theoretically, compatibility is considered a diverse and complex structure, and on this basis, thinkers have tried to examine its various dimensions.Theoretically, adaptation is a social product and many conditions and factors play a role in its formation (Dam [7] et al.). Part of the efforts of scientists has been to investigate and analyze the impact of various factors on the formation of adaptation. Adaptation is a social process that is the result of the influence of many individual, family and environmental factors, and therefore it is not considered a single cause phenomenon. Of course, it should be noted that the impact of various factors on adaptation is not the same and individual, family and environmental factors have different effects on the formation of adaptation of teenagers and young people. Theoretical approaches have tried to explain the effect of each of these factors on compatibility. Another important issue is that adaptation causes the formation of other individual and social phenomena and affects other processes and social issues. Examining this point along with the previous material shows the complexity of the theoretical explanation of this issue. If the adaptation of young people is done correctly, they will be able to perform social duties and functions more easily in the rest of their life (Foladi 2013).

Adaptability is defined as the ability to mix, adapt, compromise, cooperate and get along with yourself, the environment and others (Foladi, 2014). An adaptable person is someone who enjoys mental health, but intense and rapid changes usually seriously question the ability of a person to adapt, and as a result, the possibility of conflict, conflict, stress and confusion arises (Bhajal, 2013).

One of the most important factors in human development is the family environment. In the family environment, children gain a sense of love and security and social learning abilities, and through the quality of relationships between their parents, as well as playing with brothers and sisters and other children, they learn the necessary social skills for better adaptation (Kalat, 1996). What affects these conditions is the process of the individual's perception of the family's performance. In this process, a person organizes and shapes his behavior by receiving and interpreting stimuli, thoughts and perceptions from the environment. Any inadequacy in the functioning of the family creates adverse effects on the normalization of children (Saroukhani, 2010). These perceptions can create representations of the surrounding environment in the form of primary maladaptive schemas, which, if they are unpleasant, expose the person to all kinds of harm (Steinberg, 2000; Marchant, 2001). Most maladaptive and problematic people belong to damaged families, and children who belong to conflicted families are more exposed to maladaptive behaviors due to lack of mental peace and lack of concentration. are located (Barlow, 1992; quoted by Zare Moghadam, 2015). In other words, it is the factor of providing basic human needs and psychological and emotional balance in family members. The child's position in the family, the way parents or other dependents communicate with him play a role in the formation of his personality (Jehangiri, 2013). Self-control means that a person has control over his behaviors, feelings and instincts despite being motivated to act. An adolescent with self-control spends time thinking about choices and possible outcomes and then makes the best choice (Frayers and Hoffman[8], 2009). Mayer and Salovey [9] (2003) introduce self-control under the title of correct use of emotions and believe that the power to regulate emotions increases personal capacity to relieve oneself, understand anxiety, depression or common boredom. People who are weak in terms of self-control are constantly struggling with feelings of hopelessness, depression, and lack of interest in activities, while people with great skills in this field can quickly leave behind unpleasant feelings and associate a certain amount of emotions with thinking and follow the right path of thinking (Safari, 2017). Self-control does not mean suppressing emotions and feelings. On the contrary, self-control means that we have a choice on how to express our feelings, and what is emphasized is the method of expressing feelings so as to facilitate the flow of thinking (Golman [10], 1995, Parsa, 2018).

Self-control shows its effect through the process of coping methods in adaptation. People who can prioritize realistic goals and maintain a balance between emotions and reason when making decisions are self-controlled (Aghayar Vashreifi, 2015). Self-control expresses the degree of conformity of one's behavioral characteristics with the existing conditions and situation (Kreitner and Kiniki [11], 2007).