Master thesis (M.A)
Political Geography
Sacrifice and martyrdom are valuable concepts in all human societies. All nations respect their devotees, veterans and warriors; But the methods of this sanctity and respect are different. In Islamic teachings, the essence of the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom is selflessness, sincerity and intelligent and purposeful freedom. The promotion and spread of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom has very positive moral, religious, political, economic, and cultural effects.
Given the extent of the culture of jihad and martyrdom in the history of the Iranian nation and its brilliant manifestation after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in the form of holy defense, this component has a high position in geoculture. The Islamic Republic of Iran has Therefore, in this thesis, the author collected information on the nature of the research by using the descriptive-analytical method in a library manner, and while analyzing, he came to answer the following question: What effect does sacrifice and martyrdom have on the geoculture of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In order to answer the above question, the following two hypotheses have been evaluated:
- The culture of sacrifice and martyrdom can lead to the development of Shiite geoculture.
- The culture of sacrifice and martyrdom can be effective in advancing the goals and strategic realization of the Islamic Republic.
The objectives of this research are: In the development of Islamic society
Analysis of the impact of martyrdom culture in Shiite geoculture
Providing a suitable strategy to strengthen the sustainability of martyrdom
Key words: geoculture, sacrifice, martyrdom, Iran, Shia
Geoculture or cultural geopolitics is a complex process of interactions of power, culture and geographical environment during which cultures, like other phenomena of the social system They are always forming, evolving, mixing and moving in the course of time and in the context of the earth's geographical environment. Therefore, the geocultural structure of the world expresses a mosaic of small and large cultural areas that are the product of spatial and spatial evolution of power that move along and parallel to each other. In the 21st century, the process of the world's geoculture system and its structure in line with the features of the global geopolitical system is nothing but the evolution or confrontation between two different and opposite patterns of cultural interactions at the world level. One of the structures of the world's geoculture is Iran, of which today only a small part of its historical land is the Islamic Republic of Iran. This land is a vast geographical area that was considered the territory of ancient Iranian culture and civilization for centuries. The extent of this area is much wider than the current country of Iran and includes lands that are either inside the vast plateau of Iran or on its margins. One of the most important characteristics of this land is its role as a gateway between the great continents of the world, as well as its location among several large geographical and cultural territories. The land, history and people of Iran have always been the bridge of communication between cultures and civilizations. Therefore, this choice of territory and cultural nature is contrary to his introspective approach. Accordingly, the geographical location of Iran has been the scene of various factors, the experience of the Islamic Revolution for Iran was its cultural role that was brought to the people, the Islamic Revolution is the flag bearer of Islamism against the West, one of the distinctive and unique features of the Islamic Revolution in the spiritual and cultural dimension that caused the growth of the revolution and the global movement of Islam throughout the world was the promotion of the culture of martyrdom. Martyrdom spread the pure culture. Muhammadi (pbuh) and the conscious repelling of dangers from the Islamic society. Pride in martyrdom and the formation of a special concept called martyrdom and martyrdom found such a strong foundation in the society that today it is considered as one of the pillars of order preservation. Martyrdom of the Islamic patriots, who do not fully recognize the Islamic Revolution and the territorial integrity of the holy country of the Islamic Republic, the admirable resistance of the young people of this land against global arrogance, created unique scenes of martyrdom and sacrifice that if we do not pay attention to record, record, interpret and distribute them, we have committed irreparable damage to the culture and history of the people of this border and region.The creation of these amazing works, according to which Muqtada traveled, has no equal except for a short period of time before the beginning of Islam, and has proved its worth to everyone. Therefore, the Islamic Revolution, as a new example of a government system in the world perspective that originated from the clear source of pure Islam, was able to overcome limited geographical boundaries in a short time and spread its main message, which is the fight against oppression and the establishment of a just government based on the culture of self-sacrifice and Martyrdom was to reach the farthest parts of the world. Therefore, in this thesis, considering the place of sacrifice and martyrdom and the role of it, this topic is examined in the form of the geoculture of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to explain its place in the geoculture of the country. What are they?
1-3- Hypothesis
The culture of sacrifice and martyrdom can become a wave with the development of Shiite geoculture.
The culture of sacrifice and martyrdom can be effective in advancing the strategic goals and realization of the Islamic Republic.
1-4- The necessity and importance of research
The importance of sacrifice and martyrdom and the deep impact of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom on the dimensions The different aspects of the life of the Iranian nation prompted the writer to examine the place of sacrifice and martyrdom in the geoculture of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Since this index has a long history in Iranian culture and became more visible after Islam, especially after the Islamic Revolution and the imposed war, the examination of this place can have interesting results. 1-5- Research Objectives Analysis of spiritual consequences Sacrifice and martyrdom in the development of Islamic society
Analyzing the impact of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom in Shia geoculture
Providing a suitable strategy to strengthen the permanence of sacrifice and martyrdom
1-6-Limitations of the research
The bottlenecks and problems facing the research can be briefly mentioned as follows:
Lack of resources around the desired concepts
Extensive examples Intended concepts
Lack of opportunity and time to investigate the above topic comprehensively
1-7- Organization and coverage
The present research is prepared in 5 chapters, in which the first chapter presents the generalities of the research, in the second chapter a review of sources, research literature and research background, in the third chapter the research implementation method, materials and methods, in the fourth chapter to analyze data and research findings, and in the second chapter The fifth deals with discussion, conclusions and suggestions.
1-8-Research background
Many professors and researchers have conducted studies on sacrifice and martyrdom and geoculture in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which can be mentioned as follows. Considering the speech of sacrifice and martyrdom as an effective factor in the formation and acceleration of the political mobilization of the people against the Pahlavi regime and an effective factor in the victory and continuation of the Islamic Revolution, they have analyzed the basic components of this discourse in the process of the Islamic Revolution. The purpose of the authors in this article is to clarify the dimensions and components of the discourse of sacrifice and martyrdom in the Islamic Revolution.
Mahmoud Dayani (1388) in a book titled "A New Look at the Culture of Martyrdom/ Using Verses, Narratives, Opinions of Jurists and Emerging Manifestations in the Islamic Revolution and Holy Defense", this book is compiled in five chapters. In the first chapter, the author deals with the definition of martyr in Shia and Sunni jurisprudence. Thirdly, they examine and analyze the connection between the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the Ashura Revolution. The author of this book has taken a look at the culture of martyrdom by using the verses, narrations and opinions of the jurists and has interpreted this culture in the emerging manifestations of the Islamic revolution and the holy defense It has been divided into fifteen chapters, the titles of which are: the re-emergence of Shiism, various Shiite schools, the exceptional case of Iran, the two main aspects of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the riddle of Azerbaijan, the Hazaras of Afghanistan, the Alawites of Turkey, the Shiites of the Indian subcontinent, the Shiites of Central Asia, the contradiction of Iraq, the Shiites of the Persian Gulf, the Shiites of Yemen, the challenge of the Alawites, the fate of the Druzes, and the revenge of the Lebanese Shiites. "Resurrection of Shia?" The title of the conclusion section of the book.