The geopolitical confrontation between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America and its impact on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Abstract

The Persian Gulf is one of the strategic and vital points from the point of view of international politics. In addition to the importance of shipping, the discovery and extraction of huge oil and gas resources and the strong dependence of countries on these materials as vital materials for industry have increased the geopolitical importance of this region. In such a way that it has never been free from the ambitions of great powers. The victory of the Islamic revolution in Iran and the termination of the interests of the United States in this country and the increasing efforts of this country to confront Iran through military presence or the establishment of military bases and inciting the countries of the region and creating disunity have caused more confrontation between Iran and the United States of America. The continuation of this process can threaten the vital interests of both sides or at least destroy many existing capacities for development and progress. In this research, while explaining the privileged position of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf region, the topics related to the national security of this country have been discussed. And this topic has been considered as to what challenges the Islamic Republic of Iran is facing in order to ensure its national security, and to what extent the conflicting interests of this country with the United States of America can be a threat to the country, or how these threats can be turned into opportunities. The results showed that the geopolitical confrontation between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America has an impact on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Key words: national security, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the United States of America, geopolitical confrontation. One of the most basic concepts and concepts in how to establish relations between countries is "national security [1]". Different and diverse definitions of this term have been presented, thinkers have made a lot of effort to provide comprehensive definitions of national security and take it out of military dimensions and generalize it to other political, economic, social and security dimensions, the result of which is new approaches to the concept of "national security". Although military power is one of the important dimensions, instead I believe that national security includes more considerations. including political leadership, economic power, technological innovation, ideological life[3], etc., efforts to achieve national security will not be very effective without taking into account such considerations and will probably lead to failure (Khalili, 1369: p. 3). Vital, political, economic and cultural assets and the lack of threats to fundamental and vital values ??towards a political unit and its nation are considered the "national security" of that country.

Many political thinkers consider the lack of threats to economic, political and cultural interests and values, along with the lack of military threats, to be the factors and elements of national security, but in explaining and interpreting the concept of national security, the conditions, public atmosphere, geographical conditions, etc. of each country are determining factors.

World War II was an all-out war between September 1939 and August 1945. This war involved many countries of the world to the point where two different groups of countries were born, called the Allies and the Allies.

The United States of America was in an increasing economic crisis between the two world wars, i.e. 1918 to 1939, but the American government and the owners of this country's industries moved their industrial wheels in the direction of military industry production, so that during the Second World War in Europe, the use of American weapons such as airplanes, warships and commercial ships, The cannons and tanks in the war caused the prosperity of American industries and economy.

With the end of World War II and the introduction of the United States of America as the world's leading power and the weakening of Britain, which caused the loss of areas under global influence and the exit from the Persian Gulf due to the high cost of a kind of power vacuum in the region, the United States of America, due to its economic prosperity, is trying to eliminate this vacuum and is trying to establish mutual relations with the regimes of the region. One of the countries that was under the influence of the United States of America was Iran, which under the rule of the Pahlavi regime had become the protector of the interests and privacy of the United States of America.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, the Islamic Republic of Iran as a regional power and with the slogan of issuing the Islamic Revolution became a kind of threat to the interests of the United States of America in the world in general and at the level of the Middle East in particular, and the world witnessed the rise to power of a newly emerging power that is influenced by Islamic views and adopting a policy of neither East nor West, which threatens the interests of the dominating powers, and to a great extent, the United States of America has shortened its hand from the very rich resources of oil and gas in the region, and the very important market for its export products in the region with has faced danger.

According to the United States of America, the Islamic Republic of Iran is the origin of revolutionary Islam or Islamic fundamentalism and extremism in their interpretation for the following reasons. And in a way, it has risen to an ideological confrontation with the United States, and established a new hegemony in the region.

Defending the rights of the Palestinian people

Supporting groups and movements such as Lebanon's Hezbollah, Hamas, etc. (According to the United States Department of State, they are on the list of terrorist groups)

Efforts to question the existence of Israel, whose stabilization is one of the most important strategic goals of the United States of America's foreign policy in the world, especially in the Middle East.

Efforts to obtain weapons of mass destruction (nuclear)

In general, the United States of America, in order to establish and consolidate its hegemony in the international system, fights and Hostilities begin with governments that do not follow American norms and values. And the geopolitical confrontation between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America is formed in this direction and because of the definition given by American politicians and statesmen of the nature of the Islamic Republic of Iran. For this reason, with measures such as the imposition of an eight-year war (sacred defense) and the imposition of unilateral and international sanctions and the implementation of various plans, including the Greater Middle East, Middle East peace and claims such as human rights violations, the fight against terrorism and its roots, i.e. Islamic radicalism, and the fight against the spread of weapons of mass destruction. collective and It has dealt with the geopolitical confrontation with the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Therefore, in order to contain the Islamic Republic of Iran and prevent the challenging regional hegemony with the United States of America through the creation of internal and external challenges and damages, the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran directly and indirectly faces risks that, if no measures are taken, the national security coefficient of the Islamic Republic of Iran will decrease. And on the other hand, the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its political, economic and cultural influence in the private life of the United States of America and diplomatic relations with great powers such as China and Russia at the international level, can provide itself with suitable opportunities and improve the foundations of the country's national security and increase its national security factor.

In the field of international relations, no country can be isolated. International relations is the field of action and reaction of international actors. In many cases, international cooperation leads to the progress and development of international actors, and in return, any confrontation and conflict not only deprives countries of the benefits that can be imagined within the framework of cooperation, but also causes countries to pay significant costs to deal with this conflict and conflict of interests and provide the necessary measures to deal with the threat, while the correct exploitation of this category can provide a kind of cohesion in the national arena.

On the other hand, one of the special tasks of governments is to provide security. Countries are independent and equal in the international arena and no country can interfere in the internal affairs of another country or threaten the security of that country. The concept of security is very broad, providing military, political, economic, cultural and social security. These are functions that have been assigned to governments, and it is the duty of every government to strive for the national security of its country.

All countries do not have the same position in the international arena. Political, economic factors and even the geopolitical situation create conditions for a specific country that allow it to be considered as an important actor in the international or regional arena and even create the illusion for them to present themselves as hegemons and influence the world order with their inappropriate decisions.