Examining the role of social and economic problems and obstacles in investment development in Khalkhal city

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Social Sciences Research

Abstract:

The purpose of the above research is to examine the role of social, economic and political issues and obstacles, their strength and weakness in the investment process in Khalkhal city with a view to the whole country, and the role of the amount of support, supervision and guidance of investment by the relevant official and unofficial institutions and its amount on the types of investment. In this review, hypotheses and conjectural answers to the basic questions surrounding the above-mentioned research have been done using the findings and data obtained through the measurement tool (spss), and their research and evaluation have been done. Investigating and reaching the level of acceptance of the society towards the flow of investment and investors, getting informed about the characteristics of the current and future social, economic and political conditions and platforms in relation to investment and discovering the intensity and weakness of the social and economic factors affecting the investment phenomenon has been considered. The research method in this review is library, documentary and survey type and the topic is particularly new. Investigating and examining the relationships between social and economic variables related to investment, especially in relation to the success or failure of investment, using inferential statistical methods that were measured from one hundred samples of the statistical population in the form of face-to-face interviews and a questionnaire, and at the end of the research, the necessary and necessary solutions are presented after the conclusion of the analysis process of the findings of the above research, such as criticisms and suggestions in order to improve and promote investment in Khalkhal city.

Key words: socio-economic barriers, success and failure, Investment.

Introduction:

Today, the phenomenon of investment can be considered as the most important issue of the country, and the lack of investment in accordance with the current and future conditions can be considered as the biggest concern of the current society. A problem that despite encouragement and planning and theoretical discussions about it, is not realized in practice and the expected result is not obtained and the current investment process does not meet the needs of the present and future. Therefore, we should be concerned about this important issue as the cause and causes of many of the country's problems, and we should try to remove the obstacles and issues that threaten and weaken it, and accelerate and facilitate the factors that strengthen it, and provide conditions for the investment phenomenon to have a smooth and safe process. In the current conditions of the Iranian society, the necessary grounds and platforms for investment by the political, social, economic and cultural structures are not provided to the extent required. We must admit that the investment issue is currently facing many problems and bottlenecks, and the investment process is threatened and weakened from various aspects. There is not enough political and safe environment for investment and investors. Political issues and decisions seriously threaten economic issues, including investment. Economic independence and economic stability are weak. Social stability and laws are also weak and laws are always changing and have an unstable situation. In an environment where social stability is weak and uncertain, there will naturally be no incentive to invest. Capitalists prefer escaping and hiding capital over investing inside the country, or instead of healthy and useful investment, capital is often used for false and unnecessary and sometimes illegal and profitable activities. Economic corruption in the current conditions of Iranian society is striking and undeniable and severely threatens and weakens other structures of the society such as: political, social and cultural.

The policies and programs to support, guide and monitor healthy and beneficial investment are very weak and ineffective, and the guarantee of the success of healthy investment is insignificant, and from this, funds are spent underground in false, unnecessary and harmful fields. As a result of the lack of necessary support for investment and the lack of proper support of capital, the human needs of the society and its people are not provided, the existing resources are not revived and are wasted or not used optimally, and the result is that poverty and unemployment increase day by day, and its consequences threaten the society, and the healthy and useful business market is threatened and weakened, and this means the real misery of the society..

In the current conditions of Iran, there is no regular and coordinated administrative system with correct and efficient management to guide funds and investment, investors get tired and frustrated in the maze of administrative running. Unstable laws always make investors anxious and suffer. The rate of bank facilities is very high compared to advanced societies and has no proportion with the economic and social situation of the country in order to guarantee the success of investment. In granting facilities to investors, banks think more about the repayment of the facilities and obtain the necessary documents from the borrowers and pay less attention to the success of the investor's plan. As a result of poor supervision, bank loans are sometimes used in other fields under the pretext of creating projects and investments. In the administrative system and banks, relationships are more influential than rules. Practical support systems and programs in the direction of export marketing and maintaining the survival of productive, productive and employment generating units are very weak and government subsidies are not used for the mentioned cases. The path of starting investment and its exploitation phase is long and often fruitless due to the lack of suitable conditions. Most of the investors regret, go bankrupt, run away and even go to prisons, and in this way, talented and interested investors become failed debtors.

In short, the favorable and suitable conditions for investment in Iran are weak, so the motivation for healthy and useful investment is low, and the result of this situation is capital flight, misuse of capital, or hiding and wandering of funds, and the result of this process is that the basic needs of individuals and society are not met, and the society suffers from crises such as poverty. and unemployment, etc., which has very dangerous and terrible consequences for the society.

Problem statement:

The main topic and question in this study is: "What are the social and economic problems and obstacles of investing in Khalkhal?" The phenomenon of investment is influenced by the role of obstacles and numerous social and economic issues. In simpler words, issues and problems from the society threaten and weaken the investment process from the beginning to the exploitation stage and even after exploitation. Investment issues and obstacles are not limited to personal and religious aspects. The phenomenon of investment as an economic category is closely related to various structures of society such as political, cultural and economic and is always affected by them.

Investment is faced with various social problems and obstacles such as: complex, costly and time-consuming bureaucracies, conflicting economic and social policies, economic and political and social instability, lack of clear and stable laws regarding investment, weak promotion and incentive and communication programs, lack of adequate and timely information. In the investment process, inappropriate tax policies and inattention to the investment situation, difficult conditions for obtaining bank facilities, lack or weakness of investment security, inappropriate and inconsistent monetary policies, weakness in monitoring and handling investment problems, weakness in guiding and directing the investment process, the existence of unstable laws regarding economic activities, inconsistency between related organizations in providing services to investment, lack or weakness in providing services needed by investors and investment such as: training, consulting and guidance, accounting and auditing, legal, marketing, granting Subsidies, etc., are one of the major pests and obstacles of the investment phenomenon in a society, especially in the current society, so that the investment process is slow and unacceptable. The tortuous and scary path of the investment process from the beginning stage to the exploitation stage and even after exploitation, strongly threatens and weakens the hopes and motivations of investment and requires a serious action based on identifying the obstacles and trying to solve them. There is no complete and practical support, guiding and monitoring policy and program in order to ensure the success of investment in current Iran.

The importance and necessity of the issue:

Given that our country is developing, the rate and speed of its development is completely dependent on the investment phenomenon. Today, two big problems and problems, namely poverty and unemployment, are the basis and cause of many miseries in the society. The only way to save the society from the terrible and destructive consequences of the phenomenon of poverty and unemployment is to take serious action on healthy investment and to accelerate and facilitate the conditions for it in the society. Today, the key to the growth and development of Islamic Iran is the spread of the phenomenon of investment.