Pathology of women's role in society and its consequences for Yazdi families

Dissertation

To receive a master's degree

Sociology

Abstract

The role of a woman is irreplaceable in maintaining and promoting the physical, mental and social health of a person in the family and society, and she is always responsible for raising the next generation in the natural system and continuing this role in the family and society in an effective way in the process of social development. In this regard, the most important goal of the current research is to diagnose the role of women in society and its consequences for Yazdi families. The method used in this research is a survey. The data was collected using a questionnaire and using a cluster sampling method of 484 married women in Yazd city. The validity of the instrument was confirmed by content validity method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability. The data were analyzed using spss statistical software and Pearson's correlation coefficient, variance analysis and regression tests were used. In this research, Inglehart's theory, labeling, Scanzoni's conflict theory and role theory have been used to formulate theoretical foundations. The independent variables of this research include; The type of role, the time of playing the role, the number of hours, traditional and religious beliefs, grooming, notoriety, emotional and psychological pressure, multiple roles, role conflict, consumerism. The research findings showed that among the investigated variables, the variable of role type, time of role playing, duration of role playing, and traditional and religious beliefs had no significant relationship with family performance; While the variables of social disturbance, consumerism, role multiplicity, role conflicts, emotional and psychological pressures, stigmatization, body grooming and attitude were related to family functioning. The multivariate regression results showed the significant role of the four variables of traditional and religious beliefs, role multiplicity, mental and psychological pressures and attitudes in the functioning of the family, among which mental and psychological pressures played the largest role in explaining the variables of women's family functioning. Key words: pathology, family, role conflict, women, women's role Introduction The impact of economic transformations Social, especially the interaction between husband and wife, is a change in the concept of role. Social transformations and changes in the life patterns of urban societies and the entry of women into the society have caused changes in the attitude of people in the distribution of roles and consequently the distribution of power in the family. The family is the main focal point in how the power is distributed and how it is exercised in the formation and development of the personality of individuals, the socialization of children, self-esteem, cohesion and even the feeling of satisfaction and marital satisfaction (Sabin, 1995, quoted by Adelnejad, 2013: 2). Continuation of this role in the family and society plays an effective role in the process of social development, and also considering that there has been an increase in the employment of women in Iran in recent decades, and with the progress of societies and the increase in the level of education of women, their desire for social participation and acceptance of social roles has increased; Therefore, according to the needs of society and preserving the family, knowing the factors that cause dissatisfaction and personal and social harm among women and examining the attitude of women towards social roles and examining the conflict between various social and family roles can lead to reducing dissatisfaction and improving family relationships and interactions. Yazdi women are known for their adaptability, patience and contentment in life, but at the same time, the spread of modern and consumer-oriented culture has increased luxury among Yazdi women. Therefore, this research aims to study the harms of the role of women in society and the consequences it has on families. The studies conducted and the final report of this research have been prepared and compiled in five chapters: in the first chapter, the outline of the problem is first presented, and then the importance and necessity of the research and the objectives of the research are stated, and then the application of the research results is discussed. The second chapter of this research will first deal with the historical background and then with the background of internal researches and external researches, and then the theoretical explanations and the theoretical framework from the heart of it, and then the research assumptions and the drawing of the theoretical model are given. Every scientific work also has a scientific method. The third chapter of this research is methodology. In this chapter, the research method used in this research is first mentioned.Every scientific work also has a scientific method. The third chapter of this research is methodology. In this chapter, we first mention the research method used in this research, and then we introduce the statistical population, and then we introduce the sample size and sampling method. We also introduce the tool that was used to collect the data. We pay reliability. In the fourth chapter, we will analyze the data, which consists of two parts. In the first part of this research, we will explain the descriptive findings, and in the second part, we will explain the inferential findings, which includes the test of contextual variables and the test of hypotheses. The last chapter of this research includes discussion and conclusion. In this chapter, the summary of the findings is presented first, and then the discussion and conclusions are discussed, and then the suggestions and finally the limitations and problems of the research are stated, and in the last part, the list of sources as well as the questionnaire and appendices are given.

1-2.  Statement of the problem

Today, many countries in the world want to achieve development. Development plans that are central categories in regard to women's social participation. Recent studies by social experts have shown that achieving development is not possible without the active participation of women in all fields, including family, economic and social. Also, from the surveys conducted in the field of women's active participation in society's affairs, it shows that social and cultural factors and different expectations of society from men and women have created many personal, social and cultural obstacles and harms in the way of women's participation. Therefore, in the 1980s, instead of the term "women in development", the term "gender and development" was used, and following that, in many third world countries, strategies were adopted for the practical participation of women in development and the removal of obstacles. One of the most important strategies is the discussion of women's empowerment, emphasizing the point that women's participation is for their active participation in the implementation of development plans and projects, and that women should be empowered so that they can be present in society, expand their abilities and gain control over their destiny (Katabi, Yazd Chasadi and Farrokhi Rastai, 1382: 6). It has turned the current development into societies in transition and has faced these societies with a wide wave of value and normative changes. Due to the process of globalization, new lifestyles from many societies and cultures enter people's lives and indirectly the influence of these modern values ??is accelerated by the expansion of communication tools and the modernization process (Azad Aramaki; Sa'i; Ithari and Talebi, 1391: 67). Therefore, with the changes in the social structure of new societies, as a result of those societies in transition, the system of distribution and allocation of social roles at the level of relationships and social institutions suffers It has been transformed and as a result has increased the participation of women and the economic workforce and the increase in the number of working women outside the traditional fields and their presence in other roles and activities outside the home and the expansion of two-career families. Also, with cultural changes, the traditional structure of the family (patriarchy), which was mainly based on gender differences and characterized by the authority of men in the home, has become weaker in the last decade due to employment, education and awareness and the presence of women in society. However, work and family are considered two essential social institutions for individual life and social life and play an important role in human society. At the beginning of human life, the phenomenon of employment has been considered, and women have been busy with the burden of life's responsibilities and have been busy with men for a long time (Ikan and Skin, 2005).  With the development of technology and the industrialization of societies, women are working outside the home as well as men (Way Danoff; Donnelly, 1999). Nevertheless, there are changes and transformations in the structure of the family and the role of women, which has become the basis for the transformation of women's personality and social identity. Of course, this situation is the result of the transformation in the value system, the growth of democratic thought, the expansion of public awareness, the growth of civil demands, the promotion of women's specialized education, the change of economic and social structures, the existence of new means of communication and the phenomenon of globalization and modernity.