Anthropological study of the history and beliefs of the Kakavand tribe of Qazvin

Introduction

In every society, we deal with beliefs and customs as well as customs that have created prejudices and fears in us, and these beliefs and beliefs may be superstitions, but what is important is that these beliefs still exist among primitive and civilized peoples. Of course, its form may be different in different societies with different cultural and social situations, but nevertheless, in all societies, such ideas are seen in different forms and in the lives of the people of every community, it is manifested in a different way. Therefore, it can be said that extensive anthropological studies are sometimes very important in identifying these beliefs and customs. In fact, the science of anthropology is the observation of societies to understand social events, which registers and records these events, compiles and maintains relevant statistics, and publishes valid documents. In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the ethno-cultural phenomena of one of the Iranian tribes, the Kakavand tribe, and to focus more on the Kakavands of Qazvin.

2-1. Statement of the problem

The belief, beliefs, knowledge and customs of Iranians should be considered as a relic of the early period when the Aryan race migrated to the Iranian plateau. At the same time as the migration of the Aryans to Iran, many cultural characteristics of the Iranian peoples, both material and spiritual, underwent changes and transformations. In other words, the cultural elements of the Aryan race had a significant impact on the body of the cultural elements of the Iranians and were also influenced by it, which in the language of anthropology is called acculturation and cultural diffusion.

Since the beginning of existence, man has always imagined a force higher than himself in his mind that has control over his destiny. If we want to portray the beliefs and knowledge of a people and nation, it will undoubtedly require years of time and skilled people in the fields of human sciences.

Beliefs and beliefs are affected by time and place, and as a result, all the knowledge and knowledge of humans are related to their temporal and spatial requirements.Beliefs and convictions in many fields have an ethnic and cultural aspect to an individual. Beliefs can range from a common belief that everyone takes as a matter of course to religious beliefs that are based on accepting the status and importance of an objective matter. Beliefs and knowledge is actually what is called popular culture and is also interpreted as folk beliefs. Secrets and codes that have been passed down from one generation to another and have had specific psychological functions. Today, some beliefs have lost their original function, sometimes they have mixed with other cultures and beliefs and changed their function, and some people have become accustomed to these beliefs and accepted them wholeheartedly, and some people have considered these beliefs to be superstitions and ignored them. have migrated They have a long history as well as their own culture, beliefs and customs.

But these Kakavands who were forced to migrate to the city of Qazvin by the rulers of the time, were they able to preserve their own beliefs and customs or were there any changes in their possessions? And if changes have been made, which part of their culture and beliefs is more related? 3-1. The importance and necessity of research How to conduct such research is not a simple and obvious task, because as we know, social sciences in the form we are familiar with today were products of the West, and in this regard, anthropology is no exception to this rule. (Spradley, James, 1386: 8). The customs that we are dealing with today create beliefs and convictions, prejudices, hopes and fears in our hearts, but regardless of how irrational these are, they existed among primitive and civilized peoples, and therefore, a broad anthropological study of their beliefs and functions in people's lives seems very essential. However, there is very little research that studies the history and beliefs of a tribe in an extensive manner, especially with an anthropological perspective. In relation to the Kakavand tribe, no coherent research has been done, and only scattered researches have been conducted in recent years by researchers, which are not as complete and comprehensive as they should be. Despite this neglect, it should be noted that there is no accurate information about the Kakavands who settled in different places after migration, and no research has been done. And the Kakavands of Qazvin are also among these forgotten ones from the field of research.

Sometimes in some books, such as the dictionary of words and terms of the people of Iran, whose main topic is the culture, words and dialects of the people and tribes of different regions, the beliefs and beliefs of the Kakavand tribe have been partially and sporadically mentioned. The Kakavand tribe of Qazvin has not been studied, and no dissertation, article, or seminar information was found on this topic when referring to centers, information, and scientific documents.

4-1. Research Objectives

In the vast land of Iran, there are many tribes and clans, whose way of life is largely influenced by the weather and climate. Of course, issues other than the climate issue such as the establishment of universities and cultural environments such as museums and cultural centers are effective in the way of life and its change. Like the Kakavand tribe of Qazvin and its cultural developments that we witnessed after the establishment of cultural centers. Because until now nothing has been done in a theoretical and research way to introduce and introduce this tribe and its cultural developments after the establishment of cultural centers.