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Anthropological study of the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of Kurdish people of Kermanj

Number of pages: 134 File Format: word File Code: 30056
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Social Sciences - Sociology
Tags/Keywords: Ethnobotany - Iran - Kurds of Kermanj - traditional medicine - treatment
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  • Summary of Anthropological study of the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of Kurdish people of Kermanj

    Dissertation for receiving a master's degree (M.A)

    Trend: Anthropology

    Dissertation abstract (includes summary, goals, implementation methods and results):

    Since the beginning of civilization, people have had a relationship with the plants around them. Belief in the healing power of plants may have existed among people long before they were recorded. In addition to having a role in the life and material life of humans, plants have also been involved in the formation of the structure of myths, beliefs and convictions.

    Man's dependence on nature in order to meet his basic material needs such as food, clothing and shelter is most of all related to plants, the definition of human society without considering its dependence on the plant kingdom has no meaning. Ethnobotany is an interdisciplinary science, and from an anthropological point of view, it studies the very complex relationships between humans and plants, and it is a comprehensive field, because no group of people can be found whose lives do not depend on plants, do not use plants, and do not pay attention to the naming and classification of plants in their habitat.

    Iran, due to its long history and different ethnicities, races, languages, and climates, is a country full of experiences and opinions. And medical opinions are oral. The Kurds of Kermanj, for whom this study was conducted with the aim of anthropological investigation of the use of medicinal plants in treatment, among them and based on the field research method, also use these medical experiences and treatment methods. For this reason and in view of the fact that preserving people's experiences and collecting and writing them down will revive this science along with the advances of modern medicine, the folk uses of plants and their local knowledge were compared with the contents recorded in old books and references, as well as modern therapeutic uses, and the result was that many plants used among these people also have a therapeutic status in modern medicine. Also, many popular treatment methods are approved.

    Key words; Ethnobotany, treatment, traditional medicine, Kurd Kermanj, Iran

    1-1 Introduction

    Ethnology is the science of studying social phenomena in their cultural context, despite its relatively short life compared to other sciences, it has been able to depict various angles of cultures and create archives for widespread use in the present and future. In the meantime, traditional medicine is one of the topics that need to be discussed a lot. "In a general sense, traditional medicine is the normal medicine of street and bazaar people or mass medicine". and in a global view from another angle, traditional medicine includes practices, methods, knowledge and beliefs related to health, the combination of herbal, animal and mineral medicines, spiritual healing, techniques and handicrafts that are used individually or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent diseases or to maintain health". Traditional medicine has been created and developed as a result of its urgent and necessary function in solving a basic need such as human health. In the functional world, a major part of empirical knowledge has been developed with the aim of performing vital tasks related to human life.

    Man, in his effort to live a better life, first tries to know his body and soul better and to compensate for its deficiencies with the deep and correct idea that every pain has a medicine and all creations are created to serve man. This effort has established traditional medicine. Even new medicine is basically based on and with the help of traditional medicine.

    Plants that have medicinal uses form a major part of traditional medicine knowledge. From the distant past, in addition to the edible value, the medicinal use of plants has been considered by humans, "once upon a time, some plants were sanctified and purified based on the teachings and special ritual methods performed by the priests, and today herbal medicines have a large share in commercial medicinal products.It cannot be denied that in some cases, many patients do not get significant results with new medicine methods and drugs, while on the contrary, they are cured faster and better with herbal medicine and traditional medicine.

    Most of the use of traditional medicine is to describe medical techniques that are traditionally used in different societies and were developed before the age of modern medicine. These techniques include broad areas such as herbal medicine, Greek medicine, acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine and homeopathy. Although in the field of alternative medicine, traditional treatment is increasingly related to scientific study, some parts have been rejected as mere superstitions, while other parts have been accepted to change the rank in medical knowledge.

    Attention to this matter has become more important in recent years, despite the fact that new medicine is widely promoted, people have turned to traditional medicine in many cases, and traditional treatments, especially the use of medicinal plants or herbal medicines, have spread, although this is a good thing. It seems, but it is a matter of concern that the generation of sages and doctors of authentic traditional medicine is decreasing, and the traditional knowledge and awareness about the methods of treatment and prevention in big cities has a significant decrease. People who once knew about its different natures and characteristics, knew medicinal plants and knew how to prepare them, have come out of that situation with the expansion of urbanization and the complexity of industrial life, and there are people who do not have the necessary knowledge in these matters, but they work as healers. 

    "Irregular or inappropriate use of traditional medicine and methods can have negative or dangerous effects and should be scientifically tested and investigated. "Currently, 25% of new medicines are made from plants that have been used traditionally". We are the noble people living in this border and region and inheritors of the traditional traditional medicine of the country.

    1-2 Statement of the topic

    Illness, injury and death have always been a part of life, but not a very desirable part. Since ancient times, some people have undoubtedly sought to cut short these sufferings or prevent them.

    Undoubtedly, since the great God created him, man has been exposed to disease and therefore he started searching for the secrets of pain and means of treatment, so that medical science was one of the first issues that he paid attention to. It has not been found. New medicine, which is actually a completed presentation of ancient medicine, with the support of new methods and logic, opened its place in this land and other countries and fell like rocks on the weakened body of traditional medicine and destroyed it too, while parallel to new medicine and its goodness and healing properties, traditional medicine could rightfully have its place". (Taj Bakhsh, 1388:180) And the use of medicinal plants is mixed with people's culture and has taken on different aspects of treatment, and currently the amount of use of this method has increased. Many human needs are found naturally in the surrounding environment. One of the necessary conditions to be successful in the treatment of diseases and basic health care is the use of appropriate medicines. Plants have been and are common sources of medicines.

    Since our country has a wide climatic diversity, medicinal plants also have this feature and each tribe uses special plants according to their living area, the present research tries to study and anthropologically investigate medicinal plants and their use among the people of Kermanj by knowing the common methods of treatment using natural resources and knowing traditional doctors and how they work.

    1-3 Objectives Research

    Overall goal: anthropological study of the use of medicinal plants in the traditional treatment of the Kurds of Kermanj.

    Subjective objectives

    Knowledge of herbal medicines and common methods of their use in the treatment of diseases.

    Collect and record information and experiences of local healers as part of anthropological studies and people's culture and national heritage.

  • Contents & References of Anthropological study of the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of Kurdish people of Kermanj

    List:

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

    Abstract

    Chapter One: General Research

    1-1 Introduction 3

    1-2 Statement of the topic. 5

    1-3 research objectives. 6

    1-4 research questions. 7

    1-5 research methods. 7

    1-6 research area. 8

    1-7 Definition of concepts. 11

    Chapter Two: Research Literature

    Part One. 19

    2-1) Research background. 19

    2-2) Medicine in ancient Iran. 20

    2-3) Medicine in Islam 28

    2-4) The principles of medicine and health in Islam and the narration of the innocents. 30

    2-5) Medical degrees. 31

    The second part: theoretical foundations of the research. 35

    2-6) theory of functionalism. 35

    2-7) structural functionalism. 36

    2-8) Theory of Evolutionism. 37

    2-9) Cultural ecology. 38

    2-10) symbolic interaction. 39

    Chapter three: research method

    3-1) Research method. 42

    3-2) Research tools. 43

    Chapter Four: Data

    4-1) Herbal medicine. 45

    4-2) History of medicinal plants. 45

    4-3) The time of collecting the organs of medicinal plants. 48

    4-4) Medicinal plants used in the region; 49

    Chapter Five: Conclusion

    Conclusion. 115

    Sources and sources. 123

    Source:

    Sources and references:

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