Sociological study of the effects of satellite series on the lifestyle of women in Bandar Abbas city in 2012

Dissertation for Master's Degree

Field: Sociology

Abstract

The emergence of new technologies in every society is always accompanied by doubts, confusion and calmness, and this is true for the emergence of satellite televisions. And the government of the world has been attracted by the fact that the contents of the satellite programs are useful. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the sociological effects of satellite serials on women's lifestyle in Bandar Abbas. Therefore, using cluster sampling method, 400 people were examined and interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect research data. The results of the research indicate that watching satellite series has an impact on women's lifestyle dimensions, as the Pearson correlation coefficient has shown a significant positive relationship between watching satellite programs and increasing the use of status symbols, western cultural symbols, luxury and fashion. Also, the reduction of people's religious beliefs has had a positive and meaningful relationship with watching this program. 

1.1     Introduction

In recent days and months, the discussion about satellite networks abroad, its socio-cultural damage to the society and the strategies to deal with its destructive effects, have become important and fundamental issues discussed among thinkers, politicians and especially executives of relevant government institutions. The dimensions and short-term and long-term effects of satellite as one of the most comprehensive and effective means of mass communication have always been important, but with the passage of time and fundamental changes in the economic, social and political conditions of the country and the world, this necessity is added every day. If in the past there were only a few Persian-language satellite channels such as the BBC or the Voice of America with specific political orientations and goals directed by the British and American governments; But in the last few years, networks with completely different goals such as Me and Tou 1 and 2, Farsione, PMC and so on. have arisen and in a very limited period of time, they have gained many audiences among people, especially family centers. Therefore, the media's soft war against the Iranian society has expanded in appearance and content and has gained very large dimensions. The new less political networks rely more on social-cultural issues and target family and human relations as the greatest capital of society. 1.2 Historical overview 1.2.1 The nature and background of the satellite The first satellites were put into orbit in 1980 with 12 thousand telephone circuits and only 2 television channels, and the sixth generation with 3 times the capacity of the fifth generation and with complex digital systems and in It was built and used in 1986. Television satellites (DBS) are satellites that actually act as a high-powered television transmitter in space. The most important advantage of a television satellite is that it can cover all the blind spots of a country that terrestrial transmitters are unable to cover. (Naghah Hoza, pp. 81-80, p. 52)

The first satellite that was used to send television signals was the Telstar satellite in 1962, which sent television signals from Europe to America. In those years, the television signal was received by ground stations with advanced equipment of that time (now the same devices have become very commonplace) and relayed in the form of so-called television waves. The first national satellite television network was launched in 1967 by the former Soviet Union. This network was called Orbita and it sent television channels to terrestrial stations, which in turn relayed the signals terrestrially through cable to home televisions. In 1974, the first signal access from satellite to television was directly tested with the help of a receiver. In those years, this work was very expensive and it still took years to be commercialized, however, it was mostly used by cable TV companies to capture the image and relay it on the cable and deliver it to their customers' homes, and the personal use of the satellite signal did not exist yet.

Satellite was introduced in Iran at a time - that is, the early 1370s - when our country had just passed the war and the society was in the process of shedding its skin.Economic prosperity, communication with the outside world, color, happiness, consumption, commercial advertising and other concepts were gradually injected into everyday life. The satellite phenomenon was also welcomed in this situation, because it was considered a modern phenomenon. Another point is that at this time, the society had moved away from the restrictions of wartime, which of course is normal in wartime and everywhere in the world. Satellite was a window through which people wanted to see the world. Another point is that anyway satellite was a new technology. Humans are curious about new technology and like to experience it, such as telephone, radio, television, and mobile phone, which exist in today's societies. 1.2.2 Applications of satellites As in the field of advancement of various sciences, satellites have greatly helped mankind, and their use has a significant impact on human life. It has solved many issues and problems related to the cost, time and stability of the transmitted information and has increased the efficiency of television networks in a significant way. At the same time, it has also created its own problems. The extraordinary expansion of satellite communications shows the ceaseless efforts of humans to use new technology to meet the needs of human societies. Currently, more than a thousand satellites are rotating around the earth in different orbits and for different purposes. Its wide applications in the fields of telecommunications, agriculture, meteorology, mining, exploration, astronomy, environmental protection, military and so on. It has provided countless information to humans that we should use the positive applications in a good way and avoid its negative consequences. A few of them are mentioned:

Military provision of emergency telecommunication communication during the war: although 60% of the satellites built are of a military aspect, which clarifies the importance of using the satellite in its military use, not much has been published about them yet. Military satellites send very accurate and useful information about underground munitions shanties, headquarters of tanks and military vehicles, troop deployment centers, assembly centers and the movement of troops and their numbers, roughly collected and sent to specific centers. During the Persian Gulf War, American spy satellites passed over the space territory of Iraq more than 12 times a day, and during each pass, they provided military commanders with hundreds of photos and images of various situations in this country. These photos were sent to the battle area through special military telecommunication satellites and received there by mobile receivers.

Radio and television satellites

There is no doubt that mass communication devices such as radio and television have a great impact in advancing social, economic, cultural and technical goals. In recent years, audio and video broadcasting through satellite has attracted everyone's attention as the most effective means to achieve the above goals. The use of these satellites is to broadcast radio and television programs. A satellite is placed above a part of the earth, a television program is sent to it from a ground station, then the satellite returns the above image on a narrow radius that only covers a specified area of ??the earth. The opposite ground station receives the image with a dish-shaped antenna and broadcasts it again. In other words, it can simultaneously broadcast programs in Iran. He saw television, radio and football matches (sightseeing) from many countries. The programs of foreign countries are examples of its use. Such satellites can connect radio and television programs directly between the satellite and home receivers (TV). In Japan and France, television images are transmitted directly from the satellite to home receivers that have small and relatively inexpensive antennas. If so. If this method is implemented on a large scale, serious issues will arise in the field of spatial and political rights. The specialized committees of the United Nations are investigating to find suitable solutions for these issues, so currently, in many countries, it is not possible to receive television programs from distant countries with the help of ordinary antennas.

Communications cover remote and inaccessible parts of the country that cannot be covered by telephone, telex, data and other communication facilities through transmitters, relays and terrestrial networks.