The relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health with the academic performance of male students in conservatories in Maroodasht city

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree (M.A) in the field of educational management

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health with the academic performance of students. The statistical population includes all the male students of conservatories in Morodasht city, whose number in 2013 was equal to 1800, and the statistical sample was selected based on the cluster sampling method of 150 people. The research method is a correlational type, and to collect information, Badie et al.'s spiritual intelligence questionnaire (1389) and Goldenberg's (GHQ-28) mental health questionnaire (1972) were used, and to measure the academic performance, the average score of the first quarter of the academic year of the students was used, and both questionnaires have acceptable validity and reliability. Pearson's correlation coefficient and step-by-step regression analysis method were used to analyze the data. The findings of the research showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between mental health and academic performance and a direct and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and academic performance. There is an inverse and significant relationship between the components of physical symptoms, anxiety and depression with academic performance, and there is a direct and significant relationship between the components of general thinking and the belief dimension, and dealing with moral issues with academic performance. The depression variable is a stronger predictor of academic performance than other variables. The variable of general thinking and belief dimension is a stronger predictor for academic performance than other variables. The variable of spiritual intelligence is a stronger predictor of academic performance than other variables.

Key words: spiritual intelligence, mental health, academic performance.

Introduction

Education is the foundation of social, political and cultural development of any society. One of the most obvious characteristics of the present era is the continuous and remarkable changes that are seen in the field of science. These changes in the field of education have led to the creation of new perspectives and methods that encourage educational systems to cultivate productive people of science and technology. Undoubtedly, no educational system can achieve 100% of its educational goals. But the success of any educational system depends on getting closer to the set goals. In order to get closer to the goals of the educational system, it is necessary to know the factors affecting academic progress and increase its effect. Examining the factors affecting the development of advanced societies shows that all these countries have had powerful and efficient education. One of the educational and educational plagues of families, which every year wastes a large amount of facilities, resources and potential human and economic talents and leaves an irreparable impact in various dimensions, is the phenomenon of academic dropout (Mortazavizadeh, 2012). Education, as an educational system in any society, is responsible for the education of the children of that society by spending a lot of money. It is expected that the final products of this organization will have sufficient efficiency and productivity in the future. One of the factors that affect academic performance is spiritual intelligence (Alwani, 2013). Today, various factors affect academic performance. In this research, the two factors of spiritual intelligence[1] and mental health[2] are discussed.

Since spiritual intelligence is one of the inner needs of human beings and some experts consider it to include the highest levels of cognitive-ethical development and human effort to give meaning to life and answer the reasons of life, and consider spiritual intelligence as the foundation of beliefs in various fields, especially the promotion and provision of mental health, happiness, satisfaction, and high motivation. Therefore, paying attention to spiritual intelligence as one of the factors that can affect the productivity of employees is of great importance. Spiritual intelligence is defined as follows: the intelligence through which we solve issues related to meaning and values, the intelligence that places our activities and lives in a broader, richer and meaningful context. Intelligence that helps us understand which actions or which path is more meaningful than another. In scientific texts, intelligence is defined as a universal general concept that is related to cognitive ability. This concept is generally related to the ability to learn and think and is often used to describe the application of skills and events. People are different in terms of their level of intelligence, and this difference is caused by the combination of innate variables, heredity and their acquired characteristics.The progress of industry and technology has increased power and wealth, but it has deprived man of the possibility of living in peace and security. In fact, quality has been sacrificed to quantity, and moderation and proportion have gone away, and neuro-psychiatric and psychosomatic diseases have replaced it. According to the announcement of the World Health Organization in 2010, more than 450 million people in the world suffer from a mental disorder, every year about 20% of adults experience a mental health problem, nearly a million people commit suicide, and one out of every 4 families has a family member with mental disorders. Mental health has been hidden behind a curtain of stigma and discrimination for a long time, and now the progress of human science has provided a platform to express mental health and address it. On the other hand, we know that mental, physical and social health is vital for all people to build a life path. It is also necessary to promote it in all periods of life.

Statement of the problem:

One of the important goals and tasks of education is to create a basis for the all-round development of the individual and to educate healthy, efficient and responsible people to play a role in individual and social life. Since students, as the basic pillar of the country's education system, have a special role and position in achieving the goals of the education system, paying attention to this segment of the society in terms of education and training will bring more fertility and prosperity to the education and training system of the society. However, out of all the students who enter the education system, few of them can develop their talents and succeed in this field and show a so-called good academic performance. One of the most important and effective factors in students' academic performance is their psychological factors, and among the important psychological characteristics that affect academic performance are spiritual intelligence and mental health. Spiritual intelligence, as one of the new concepts of intelligence, includes a type of adaptability and problem-solving behavior that achieves the highest levels of growth in cognitive, moral, emotional, interpersonal, and other fields. It includes and helps a person to coordinate with the surrounding phenomena and achieve internal and external integration. This intelligence gives a person a general view of life and all experiences and events and enables him to reframe and reinterpret his experiences and deepen his knowledge. (Nadri, 1389) since spiritual intelligence is one of the inner needs of human beings and some experts consider it to include the highest levels of cognitive-ethical development and human effort to give meaning to life and answer to the reasons of life, and they consider spiritual intelligence as the foundation of beliefs in various fields, especially the promotion and provision of mental health, happiness, satisfaction, and high motivation. They define spiritual intelligence as follows: the intelligence through which issues We solve related to meaning and values, the intelligence that places our activities and lives in a wider, richer and more meaningful context. The intelligence that helps us to understand which actions or which path is more meaningful than the other.

Other factors in this research is mental health. Today, the importance of mental health is emphasized all over the world, and day by day, by conducting extensive and diverse research, its importance and role in individual and social life becomes more apparent, so that the year 2001 was declared by the World Organization as the International Year of Mental Health. In this year, the aforementioned organization raised the slogan "Enough of negligence, let's take care" to make the importance of the issue more obvious (World Health Organization 2001, quoted by Aghajani 2001). This shows that mental health is an issue that should be considered, one of the reasons for its importance is the increasing prevalence of various mental disorders. In fact, the main goal of mental health is prevention. For this reason, mental health experts pay great attention to preventive training in organizations. Health is the main part of a happy life, and organizations play an important role in informing employees about health issues, health and life science education.