Explaining the educational and educational aspects of hope and its role in human mental health from the perspective of Islam

Dissertation for Master Degree (M.A)

Field: History and Philosophy of Education

Dissertation abstract (includes summary, objectives, methods of implementation and results obtained):

The present study aims to provide an appropriate answer to the question of what are the educational and educational aspects of hope in Islam? And what role does it play in human mental health? Research (all books, dissertations, articles, and sites related to the subject of research) is a sample of research, books, dissertations, articles, and sites related to the subject to the extent of the researcher's scientific ability. The method of data collection is a library and a fiche tool is used. Its design follows theoretical and qualitative research designs. In this research, according to the general purpose and specific objectives of the research, the results were obtained that hope is obtained from knowledge and understanding about the origin and resurrection. Hope plays an important role in the mental and psychological health of humans and is an important factor in human effort and behavior. Hope is the source of life and sustains life.   

Key words: hope - mental health - education - upbringing

Introduction

Hope is an emotional state in which a person is dependent on what he expects. Hope is waiting for something to happen while most of its means are provided. (Jabaran, 1378) Usually hope and desire are used together in Persian culture, but in Arabic language they are used separately with the titles (Raja) and (Amal). (Mousavi Hamdani, 1363) With an analysis, we can say: there is a wish in every hope, but every wish is not a hope.

One of the important differences between humans and animals is having hope in life. Hope gives meaning to human life for purity and warmth. Without hope, a person's life becomes an unbearable hell. Positive thinking people always do not lose hope in all and even in the worst situations and evaluate the world around them as reliable and beautiful despite all the problems. In every era, scientists and thinkers have had scientific and practical activities about education and have presented important practical opinions in this field. In Islamic sources (Qur'an and hadiths), more than anything else, the issue of education and human development is visible. The spiritual growth of man and his reaching perfection has been one of the most important programs of prophets and divine books. "Hope" is mentioned as one of the important factors in human education and training from the point of view of Islam and its constructive role (Davoudi 2016). Naturally, the motivation of human beings in voluntary work is the hope of benefit or the fear of loss. In fact, fear is the executive force for movement, it is the direct cause of human efforts and behaviors (Branden[1], translation of Hashemi, 1376).

Faith and hope play an important role in creating mental and psychological health of human beings. Hope gives meaning to human life and prevents them from collapsing when faced with problems and adversities and prevents them from being overcome by despair and discouragement. The fact that a person has hope for a bright future gives him a good feeling and motivates him to work and make an effort in life. (Musbah, 1372) Hope is a feeling that we can have what we want or the best result for us Hope is different from being optimistic. Hope is an emotional state, that is, it is one of the human feelings, but optimism is the result of a deliberate and voluntary way of thinking (insight) that causes a positive state and behavior in humans (Nazari, 2016). The issue of hope has been raised in Islamic culture. The Qur'an has used a lot of hope to encourage and encourage people to do good deeds. Also, there are many words about the educational and educational roles of hope in people's lives, both in the Quran and in the words of Imams in Islam. The Qur'an considers hope as an important factor in human movement and life and states that it is hope that leads him to education.. According to monotheistic worldview, hope is a divine gift that turns the wheel of life and accelerates the engine of effort and motivation. If one day hope is taken away from a person, the period of stagnation and stagnation will come and it will stop him from education. The Qur'an considers the most important effect and function of hope in human life to ease hardships and strengthen the human spirit. This means that a person must have a motivation for every action and the more difficult the task, the more difficult it is. There should be more hope for productivity and benefit (Musbah, 2016).

Because hope is a human condition, "internal obstacles" and a person can damage hope. Frequent failures, limited awareness and many troubles that do not give a person the opportunity to think can be mentioned from the "external dimension" of not providing the necessary awareness and information, the lack of proper guidance and counseling services, and not providing the necessary facilities for real growth. From another point of view, the damaging factors of hope are of two categories: controllable factors, which are social and cultural factors, and uncontrollable factors, which are beyond the reach of the individual, such as death, illness, and natural events that make the student feel limited and weak in some way or take away the opportunity to think. Therefore, considering the importance of this issue, the researcher seeks to answer the question: What are the educational and educational aspects of hope and its role in human mental health from What is Islam's point of view? 1-3- General purpose The general purpose is the ultimate purpose of the researcher to conduct the research, which is directly derived from the research problem. Based on this, the general purpose of the current research is explained: Explaining the educational and educational aspects of hope and its role in human mental health from the perspective of Islam 1-4- Special research purposes. It originates and practically every special goal includes a component or a category of the general goal. (Nadri and Saif Naraghi, 2019) Accordingly, the special goals of this research are as follows:

- Explaining the effect of educational and educational aspects of hope

- Explaining the role of hope in human mental health

- Providing solutions to increase hope in humans

1-5- The main research question

What are the educational and educational aspects of hope in Islam and what role does it play in human mental health? ?

1-6-Research Sub-Questions

1- What are the effects of educational and educational aspects of hope from the perspective of Islam?

2- According to Islam, what effect does hope have on human mental health?

3- What are the ways to increase hope from the point of view of Islam?

1-7- The importance and necessity of the research topic

Hope, which comes from knowledge and understanding of the origin and resurrection. It is the basis of all useful and fruitful human efforts, as well as the source of reforming affairs in society and achieving eternal happiness; In the same way that despair and loss of hope towards God and the Day of Judgment are the source of corruption and villainy and human work ends in eternal misery (Musbah, 1376). As soon as a person has hope for a bright future, it gives him a good feeling and a happy state, it makes him cheerful, and the motivation for work and effort is created in him, forcing him to do the right activities in life (Kubler [2], 1379). In every era, scientists and thinkers have had scientific and practical activities about education and have presented important practical opinions in this field. In Islamic sources (Qur'an and hadiths), more than anything else, the issue of education and human development is visible. The spiritual growth of man and his reaching to perfection has been one of the most important programs of the prophets and divine books. A hopeful person will live comfortably and healthily in this world and benefit from many divine blessings in the hereafter. In front of hope, there is despair, which leads to many losses for the individual and the society. A person who has no hope for life in this world due to various reasons such as the enemy's propaganda, haste and lack of foresight, a sense of incapacity, low self-esteem, and physical problems, and a person who despairs of God's forgiveness after death and has no plan to benefit from it, considers life as nothing and empty. He is already worried about what will happen, and what fate awaits him