The effect of school smartness on the learning styles of the fifth grade students of the elementary school of Tehran

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) orientation: educational management

Dissertation abstract (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained):

The aim of the current research was to investigate the impact of school smartness on the learning styles (Kolb model) of the fifth grade students of the elementary school in Tehran. The current research is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of this research includes all the fifth grade students of the 19 districts of Tehran in the academic year of 2019-2019 in the number of 32,250 people, of which 400 people were selected based on the HS-Bola table and by heterogeneous cluster random method. The subjects first answered the Kolb (2005) learning style questionnaire, after 2 months of using information and communication technology in smart schools, the subjects answered the mentioned questionnaire again. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential t-correlated statistics were used. The learning methods of abstract conceptualization and reflective observation have also been effective and have reduced them.

Key words: smart schools, ICT information and communication technology, educational technology, club learning styles, style (convergent, divergent, absorbing and adaptive)

1 Introduction

At the beginning of the third millennium, after the industrial age of the fourth wave of human life, Peter Drucker coined the term "knowledge society" for this wave. uses, has been formed, and the schools of advanced countries in this era have achieved characteristics that are different from what is traditionally understood about schools. Also, education has always played a very important role in human life and has undergone changes and transformations along with the change of human life and the development of technology. In this way, it can be claimed that the development of the educational system in the age of information and communication technology is one of the main challenges of policy makers. In many countries of the world, the expansion of information technology in education has been considered, and both developed and developing countries have designed comprehensive programs to equip schools with various facilities.

Unlike the conditions in traditional schools, information and communication technology has become an essential part of the teaching-learning process in many schools and has created a huge transformation in all educational stages. In general, it can be said that in today's fast-paced world, traditional methods of education are slow and ineffective and cannot meet the new scientific and educational concepts with sufficient power and excitement that are needed by today's generations of students. Also, the teacher will be able to better review the student's performance and change appropriate techniques for teaching. Today, the traditional methods of teaching and learning do not meet the needs of learners, because by using traditional methods, it is not possible to achieve problem solving skills, use information, participation, cooperation and understanding with each other, so learners do not understand the joy of science and school is boring for them, and one of the solutions to deal with such problems is to implement new methods in education. (Niyaz Azari and Hosseini, 2013)

Therefore, it is better to use the tools that are the result of the efforts and progress of scientists in the field of modern information and communication technologies, while increasing the speed of learning, and provide learning conditions for different talents and tastes so that learners can be trained according to their characteristics in an educational environment equipped with computers and other facilities. More centered on the element of information is expanding. This started from military environments and has been transferred to academic and civil environments. For more than two decades, the information technology system has included the educational system and educational environment. In advanced and even developing countries, in order to increase the level of awareness of students in relation to information technology and prepare them to enter the information society and increase the spirit of research and research and optimal use of this infinite sea and increase the production of knowledge, smart schools have been exploited instead of traditional schools.(Mehrabi, 1390)

Since technology is the center of all economic, medical, social and educational activities, it is necessary to apply and teach information and communication technology from an early age. Therefore, in order to implement this and prevent the backwardness of the country's knowledge and technology caravan, especially teachers and students, this technology (intelligence of schools) should be used for better education at a faster rate and to avoid wasting time, and as much as possible to cover different learning styles (Kolb model) of different students and help teachers in education. It is continuous. Organizations, as a part of these societies, have undergone these extensive changes and transformations. The changing unstable environment, the category of globalization, privatization and the emergence of advanced communication and information technology are serious challenges that educational institutions and schools have faced as the basic and operational pillars of these institutions. If the educational system and schools do not seek to reengineer their structure and function and do not change their position in the society, they will have an uncertain future.

A society whose goal is progress based on knowledge and technology must first transform its education. For this, he should use educational technology, that is, the design, implementation and evaluation of basic and applied researches. (Rastegarpour and Abdulahi, 1384)

The emergence of smart schools as a part of formal education support systems has provided new learning opportunities for students deprived of education in advanced countries such as England and America since the early 1960s. (Zamani et al., 2008)

In developing countries, in-person smart schools to compensate for some of the shortcomings such as inefficient traditional teacher-centered teaching methods, the lack of rich and up-to-date textbooks, the lack of information and computer literacy of teachers and students, the increasing needs of the labor market for human resources equipped with technological literacy are being formed and developed.

In this regard, the Islamic Republic is also an exception to this It has not been, and since 2003, it has been establishing smart schools, and in this regard, the strategic document of smart schools has been prepared by Sharif University and Technology Jihad at the request of the Education Organization of Tehran Province. In this document, it is stated in the definition of smart schools that a smart school is an educational organization, with a physical and real existence (not virtual) where students will be educated in a new way. In such schools, students learn according to their talents and interests. Attention to believing in all the potential talents of students is seen in all educational and extracurricular activities in these schools, and there will be no restrictions on the continuation of the learning process and academic progress of students. (Draft strategic document of smart schools, 2014)

The purpose of smart schools is to help implement the country's national education goals and to strengthen and nurture the workforce to face the events of the 21st century. In these schools, learning is based on individual speed, collaborative efforts, self-direction, continuity between subjects, and the course content is not limited to printed books, but also includes electronic books, multimedia software, courseware, and databases. In smart schools, technology as a bridge makes communication between teachers, students, and parents easier and more effective.

In a report from UNESCO [1], it is stated that information technology has caused fundamental changes in the learning process. Today, due to the diversity of societies, people, their creativity and interests, there is a need for diversity of learning methods and this requires a new form of education that has sufficient flexibility in this field. (Eric[2], 2006)

Gates[3] in a speech in 1999 quoted Howard Gardner[4] in the field of education and says: "Because people's understanding of the world is different, children should be taught in different ways." Adapt the mentioned education system. (Nowrozi et al., 2017)

Bakr [5] 1997 stated that the introduction of information technology to schools leads to better learning. Most researchers believe that this development leads to the change of teacher-centered learning to a student-centered approach.