Examining the situation of psychological empowerment of librarians of university libraries in Tehran from their point of view

Number of pages: 152 File Format: word File Code: 29909
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Educational Sciences
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    Dissertation for Master's Degree

    Information Science and Epistemology

    Abstract

    Purpose: In this research, the psychological empowerment of librarians in university libraries in Tehran and three factors affecting it, namely organizational conditions, management strategies and self-efficacy resources, and the relationship between these three factors with psychological empowerment of librarians were investigated.

    Methodology: This research in terms of The research method is a descriptive-analytical and survey research and in terms of purpose, it is of an applied type. Also, the tool of data collection is the use of standard questionnaires of Spritzer, Mishra, Veton and Kamron, and the tools of their analysis are the use of SPSS and EXCEL software.

    Results: The findings of the research indicated that the psychological empowerment of librarians as a whole with an average of 5.65 is at the optimal level, in the dimension of organizational conditions with an average of 4.54 at an average level, and in the dimension of management strategies with an average of 4.64 at an average level. Upwards and next, self-efficacy resources with an average of 4.47 are in the upper middle level. Also, there was a significant relationship between the factor of organizational conditions and psychological empowerment of librarians, between the factor of management strategies and psychological empowerment of librarians, and between the factor of self-efficacy resources and psychological empowerment of librarians. Also, there was a significant difference between the views of librarians with different educational levels and between the views of male and female librarians regarding their psychological empowerment. Keywords: empowerment, psychological empowerment, university libraries, librarians, Tehran. Introduction Human capital management in organizations is considered the most vital type of management. Depletion of human capital endangers the quality of goods and production services, and human resource education in the age of knowledge can be a solution for all societies. Therefore, there is no doubt that the prosperity of any society lies in the improvement and development of its human resources, and this is why the officials of organizations pay special attention to the development of employees with the help of behavioral and human resources specialists (Ahmadi, Safari Kohra and Nemati, 1389: 1). Empowerment means that people take responsibility for their own decisions and actions. This means encouraging people to participate more in decisions that affect their activities.

    The term empowerment in the 1980s and 1990s was quickly raised as a topic of the day and was used by theorists such as Kanger and Kanango [1] (1985), Spritzer [2] (1995), Thomas and Wolthaus [3], Kent and Blanchard [4], John P. Carlos [5] and Randolph [6] (2000) expanded.

    Psychological empowerment of human resources as a new approach to internal job motivation means freeing the internal forces of employees as well as providing platforms and creating opportunities for the flourishing of talents, abilities and competencies of people. In addition, it makes employees have a positive attitude towards their job and organization. This means that they should believe that they have the necessary ability and competence to perform the tasks successfully and feel that they have the ability to influence and control the job results. They feel that they are pursuing meaningful and valuable career goals and believe that they will be treated honestly and fairly (Abdullahi and Noh Ebrahim, 1385:54). University libraries, which bear more responsibility in relation to the scientific community of the country, in order to fulfill educational and research goals and with the aim of providing services to patrons (professors, students and researchers) need capable, interested, expert and experienced human resources (Ashrafi Rizi, 1388).

    After years of experience, the world has come to the conclusion that if an organization wants to be a leader in its economy and business affairs and not fall behind in the field of competition, it must have human resources. Expert, creative, capable and motivated. Meanwhile, the empowerment of librarians, especially their psychological empowerment, considering that they are responsible for the link between information sources and information users, is of special importance and necessity (Haqighi, 2012)..

    Therefore, the present study, which examines the state of empowerment of librarians of public university libraries in Tehran from its psychological aspect, can help officials in training the human resources of university libraries by clarifying the angles of this category and have more capable, energetic and motivated human resources to serve users and patrons.

    1-2. Statement of the problem

    In the last two decades, paying attention to the issue of employee empowerment has become important and has become one of the preoccupations of managers. Empowerment is one of the important ways to expand organizations and adapt to external changes. Today's work environment needs employees who can make decisions, provide solutions, be creative and be accountable for their work. This is achieved through the empowerment of employees, and if it is used, not only the commitment of employees to the organization will increase, but also a sense of trust and importance, capacity and ability will be created in them, which will result in a positive work environment (Geminian, 2012).

    Given the importance of university libraries, which play an important responsibility for providing information to students, professors and researchers, proper implementation of empowerment programs can lead to improving the performance of librarians and increase their motivation and commitment and as a result increase the efficiency and effectiveness of libraries.

    The existence of efficient human resources is the main thing that is not given much attention in Iranian university libraries, and this is the reason why university libraries are not very successful in reaching their real goals (Turkian Tabar and others, 2016). Tehran, by using the standards of Iranian university libraries, reached the conclusion that the libraries were having problems mainly in the field of human resources, budget and library materials.

    Also, Ilali and others, in a research, examined the condition of the libraries of faculties and educational and medical centers affiliated to Mazandaran, Golestan and Babol Universities of Medical Sciences in 1986-1987 with the standards of Iranian university libraries and found that the libraries were lacking in terms of specialized human resources, budget and resources. are below the standard and academic libraries should provide conditions to approach the library standards (Ilali et al., 2016). Therefore, it seems that the psychological empowerment of librarians of academic libraries is not given special attention by the managers, and by examining the situation of this issue, the angles of this issue can be identified in order to identify its weaknesses and strengths and use it by the managers of academic libraries to train and empower human resources. The more of them are used.

    In order to implement psychological empowerment programs for their librarians, the administrators of university libraries need a vision of the situation of their librarians in this field, so that they can better plan for this issue.

    Therefore, the problem of this research can be raised as what is the state of empowerment of university library librarians in Tehran from its psychological aspect and in what aspects are the librarians in Do they feel weak and empowered from this category? Also, what is the relation of other factors affecting psychological empowerment with this category from the point of view of the librarians of these libraries?

    1-3. Research objectives

    1-3-1. General purpose

    The general purpose of this research is to investigate the psychological empowerment of librarians in university libraries in Tehran.

    1-3-2. Sub-goals

    Investigation of the psychological empowerment status of Tehran university library librarians in the sense of competence dimension.

    Investigation of the psychological empowerment status of Tehran university library librarians in the sense of effectiveness dimension.

    Investigation of the psychological empowerment status of Tehran university library librarians in the sense of meaning dimension.

    Investigation of the psychological empowerment status of Tehran university library librarians. University of Tehran in the dimension of trust.

    Investigation of the status of organizational conditions from the point of view of librarians of university libraries in Tehran.

    Investigation of the status of management strategies from the perspective of librarians of Tehran university libraries.

  • Contents & References of Examining the situation of psychological empowerment of librarians of university libraries in Tehran from their point of view

    List:

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

     

    Abstract

    Chapter One: General Research. 1

    1-1. Introduction. 2

    1-2. State the problem. 4

    1-3. Objectives of the research. 6

    1-3-1. general purpose 6

    1-3-2. Sub-goals. 6

    1-4. Research questions. 7

    1-4-1 The main question. 7

    1-4-2. Sub questions. 8

    1-5. Research hypotheses. 8

    1-6. The importance and necessity of research. 9

    1-6-1. Theoretical significance. 9

    1-6-2. Practical importance. 10

    1-7. Definitions of research variables. 11

    1-7-1.  Conceptual and operational definitions. 11

    Theoretical foundations and research background. 17

    2-1. First part: theoretical foundations. 18

    2-1-1. Introduction. 18

    2-1-2. Definitions of employee empowerment. 18

    2-1-3. The roots of employee empowerment. 20

    2-1-4. Different perspectives of empowerment. 22

    2-1-4-1. Empowerment from a rational point of view. 23

    2-1-4-2. Empowerment from a motivational point of view. 24

    2-1-4-3. Empowerment from a hypermotivational point of view. 25

    2-1-4-4. Empowerment from a psycho-political perspective. 26

    2-1-4-5. Empowerment from a psycho-symbolic perspective. 27

    2-1-4-6. Empowerment from a relational (multidimensional) perspective. 28

    2-1-4-7. Empowerment from a psychological perspective. 29

    2-1-5. Psychological empowerment. 31

    2-1-6. The theoretical model of psychological empowerment used in this research. 32

    2-1-7. Dimensions of psychological empowerment. 34

    2-1-8. Organizational conditions. 38

    2-1-8-1. Introduction. 38

    2-1-8-2. Having clear goals. 38

    2-1-8-3. Organizational structure. 39

    2-1-8-4. Access to resources. 40

    2-1-8-5. reward system 41

    2-1-9. Management strategies. 43

    2-1-9-1. Providing information. 43

    2-1-9-2. Delegation of authority. 44

    2-1-9-3. Independence and freedom of action of employees. 45

    2-1-9-4. Collaborative management. 46

    2-1-9-5. Formation of working groups. 47

    2-1-10. Self-efficacy of employees. 48

    2-1-10-1. Modeling. 47

    2-1-10-2. Verbal and social supports. 48

    2-1-10-3. Emotional arousal. 51

    2-1-11. The importance of university library librarians and the need to empower them. 52

    2-1-12. Background in the country. 54

    2-1-13. Background abroad. 59

    2-1-14. Reviewing, summarizing and drawing conclusions from research backgrounds inside and outside the country. 61

    Chapter three: research method. 63

    3-1. Introduction. 64

    3-2. Research method. 64

    3-3. Research community and sampling method. 65

    3-4. Data collection tool 65

    3-5. Validity or credibility. 67

    3-6. Reliability or trust 67

    3-7. Data analysis method 68

    3-8. Research method. 69

    Chapter four: Research findings. 71

    4-1. Introduction. 72

    4-2. Demographic characteristics of the research. 72

    4-2-1. Gender. 72

    4-2-2. Education level. 73

    4-2-3. University of the place of activity. 74

    4-3. Answering the research questions. 75

    4-3-1. The first question. 75

    4-3-2. The second question. 77

    4-3-3. The third question. 79

    4-3-4. The fourth question. 81

    4-3-5. The fifth question. 83

    4-3-6. The sixth question. 86

    4-3-7. Seventh question. 89

    4-3-8. The first research hypothesis. 92

    4-3-9. The second research hypothesis. 92

    4-3-10. The third research hypothesis. 93

    4-3-11. The fourth research hypothesis. 94

    4-3-12. The fifth research hypothesis. 95

    4-3-13. The main research question. 96

    Chapter 5 discussion, conclusions and suggestions 99

    5-1. Introduction. 100

    5-2. Summary of research findings. 100

    5-3. Discussion and conclusion. 106

    5-4. Executive proposals. 117

    5-5. Suggestion for future research. 119

    Sources and sources. 120

    Appendices 129

    Source:

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Examining the situation of psychological empowerment of librarians of university libraries in Tehran from their point of view