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  3. A comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use the services of daily rehabilitation centers and families who do not use these services in Kashan city.

A comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use the services of daily rehabilitation centers and families who do not use these services in Kashan city.

Number of pages: 168 File Format: word File Code: 29903
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Educational Sciences
Tags/Keywords: Family compatibility - Family functioning and adaptation - Mental retardation
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  • Summary of A comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use the services of daily rehabilitation centers and families who do not use these services in Kashan city.

    Master's Thesis of Educational Sciences

    Abstract

    Introduction: The family is the first environment in which a child grows up.  The birth and presence of a child with intellectual disability in any family can be considered an undesirable and challenging event and affect all aspects of the family. The general purpose of this research is to compare the performance and compatibility of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use daily rehabilitation services and families who do not use these services. Methodology: The research method in this study is descriptive and causally comparative. In this study, family functioning was measured through McMaster's family functioning questionnaire and family compatibility was measured through Bell's compatibility questionnaire, and the first group of 32 people were selected as statistical samples through judgmental or goal-based sampling. In the second group, 32 people who do not use the services of rehabilitation centers were selected through matching with the first group and the collected data were analyzed by t-test and U-Man-Whitney test. Findings: The research findings show that the mean of problem solving, communication, emotional responsiveness, behavior control and the total score of family functioning among families that use rehabilitation services is lower than that of families that use rehabilitation services. do not use (lower scores indicate better performance) and it is significantly different (p<0.05) and also adaptation at home, social adaptation and the total score of adaptation among families that use rehabilitation services is lower than families that do not use these services and has a significant difference (p<0.05), which indicates better family adaptation among families that use rehabilitation services.

    Results: Research results It shows that families who use the services of rehabilitation centers over the age of 14 in Kashan city have better scores in the areas of performance and adaptability compared to families who do not use these services.

    Key words: mentally retarded, performance and family adaptation

    Introduction

    The existence of a healthy society in terms of mental health, depends on the health of smaller parts of that society such as: organizations, groups and families in that society. is One of the most natural groups that can satisfy human needs is the family. The duty of the family is to take care of the children and raise them, establish healthy relationships among the members and help the children to be independent, even if the child has a disability. The existence of healthy families can have a significant impact on creating mental health in that society, because the institution of the family itself is a small society and any positive or negative change in it has a direct and effective impact on the large society of humans, and the stability and instability of the family directly affects the society (Kohsali, 2015). For the family to be effective, parents and other family members must make many changes in themselves to adapt to the new member. The birth of a child with a disability can have profound effects on the family, and since the disability and the behaviors resulting from it are stable and stable, this affects the interactions that the child has with his parents and siblings (Halahan and Kaufman [1], 1998). They become disabled due to the existence of a child. Relationships become cold and dark, and the family's social relationships are also limited, other children suffer emotional and social problems, and in general, the mental health of the family, which is the guarantor of children's health and individual and social capital, is severely jeopardized (Hossein Nejad, 1375).

    The disability of one family member has a negative impact on all family members and its various functions, because disability harms the cohesion and structure of the family, and its consequence is creating changes in the functioning and adaptation of the family. (Anisi, 1377 quoted by Ahmadi, 1390). According to this issue, it is very important to deal with the indicators of adaptation and performance of families with children with intellectual disabilities [2].

    Families with disabled children are functionally and adaptively weak compared to families without such children, so these families need rehabilitation, educational services, and psychological and financial support (Ahmadi, 2018). Rehabilitation services are said to be a set of educational, professional and social measures that provide the relative independence of people and cause them to return to society and use the opportunities of society equally, so the necessity of planning to prevent disability and provide rehabilitation facilities in case of disability is clear. Intellectual ability may indirectly affect the performance and adaptation of the family, therefore, in this research, a comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use daily rehabilitation services and families that do not use these services. In turn, it aggravates the disorders related to the members and creates new problems. With this attitude, the disability of one of the children often leaves a negative impact on the whole family and its various functions and on each member. In other words, the disability of a child in the family prevents the family from being able to perform its normal functions in an optimal way. Among these functions are providing factors for the growth and development of the children's personality, providing a pleasant environment for the members and creating a base for establishing social relations of the family with others (Nasser Shariati and Daver Menesh, 1374 p. 117-116).

    The presence of a mentally disabled child in any family affects the structure of that family and overshadows the mental health of the family, especially the parents. does (Beckman, 1991, Singer and Werwin 1989). Faber [3] (1975) pointed out that due to the presence of a mentally retarded child, the following types of pressure are imposed on parents and other family members:

    1) Postponement of other children's psychological development

    2) Limitation of family progress

    3) Occurrence of crises such as marital problems, divorce and parental depression

    4) Emergence of emotions such as anger, despair and guilt (Turnbull and Turnbull[4], 1990, quoted by Sharifi Awadi p.64).

    Families and their functions as the main bases for the growth and flourishing of the personality and development of social skills of children and adolescents, are responsible for the most essential contribution to the health and upliftment of human societies (Ahadi, 1372). According to McMaster[5], when all dimensions of the family's performance are in good conditions, the overall performance of the family will also be in a favorable and efficient condition. The McMaster model provides a useful way to examine families and is based on a systematic approach. This approach considers six aspects of family functioning:

    1. Problem solving:

    Includes the family's ability to solve problems to the extent that it can be effective. This dimension includes seven steps: 1. Identifying the problem 2. Communicating the problem to relevant sources or people 3. Thinking of several solutions 4. Deciding on a scientific solution 5. Implementing and acting on the decision 6. Executive control 7. Evaluating the success rate of the solution used. When the seven steps go well, the problem is solved in the most effective way. The elements of communication can be described as follows: channel, context, environment, feedback, wave interference, message, receiver, processing and source. The process of communication allows people to share their experiences and knowledge in different fields. 3. Roles: Refers to the repeated patterns of behavior of family members. The patterns by which the members realize the functions of the family. In other words, it is referred to the recommended and repeated behaviors in a set of bilateral activities with other family members. According to their belief, the performance of duties requires assigning appropriate roles to people so that family members can do the requested tasks according to the assigned roles. 4.

  • Contents & References of A comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use the services of daily rehabilitation centers and families who do not use these services in Kashan city.

    List:

    List of Contents

    Page Title

    Chapter One of the first chapter of Research

    Introduction .. 1

    Problem Expression .. 4

    Importance and Necessity of Research. 9

    Research objectives.. 11

    Research hypotheses. 12. Conceptual and operational definitions of words and variables. 13

    The second chapter of literature and research background

    Basics related to research. 18

    2-1 intellectual disability. 18

    The concept of intellectual disability from Piaget's point of view. 18

    Definition of intellectual disability. . 20

    Severity of intellectual disability. 20

    Classification of intellectual disability. . 21

    Characteristics of exceptional children. . 22

    The needs of parents of exceptional children. . 23

    2-2 Rehabilitation. . 24

    Definition of rehabilitation. . 25

    Rehabilitation goals. . . 26

    Types of rehabilitation centers. . 27

    Regulations of rehabilitation centers. . 29

    2-3 families. . . 31

    Definition of family. . . 31

    species of the family. . . 34

    2-4 family functions. 35

    Functional and dysfunctional family. . 36

    2-5 compatibility. . 39.

    Analysis of adaptation process. . 40

    Reasons for compatibility. . . . . 42

    Criteria and criterion of compatibility. . 42

    Effective factors in adaptation. . 45

    Predisposing factors of adjustment disorders. . 47

    The events of the family with an exceptional child. . 54

    6-2 Performance evaluation approaches and compatibility. . 59

    2-7 internal and external investigations. . 69

    The third chapter of the research process

    Type of study. . 83

    Statistical community and statistical sample and sampling method. 83

    Method of data collection. 85

    Validity and validity of questionnaires. 87

    Execution method.. 88

    Data analysis method. 89

    Ethical considerations. . 90

    Chapter 4 research findings

    Description of data. . 92

    Data analysis. . . 97

     

    Chapter 5 Conclusion

    Analysis of data analysis. 115

    Discussion and conclusion. 124

    Research limitations. 125

    Research proposals. 125

    List of sources and sources. 128

    Appendices..133

    Source:

     

     

    List of sources

     

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A comparative study of the performance and adaptation of families with mentally retarded teenagers who use the services of daily rehabilitation centers and families who do not use these services in Kashan city.
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