Contents & References of Examining the reliability and validity of biology and Persian literature tests in the final exams of the secondary education system
List:
Table of Contents
Chapter One: General Research
Introduction. 1
Statement of the problem. 2
Research objectives. 3
General purpose. 4
Minor objectives. 4
Research questions. 4
The importance and necessity of research. 5
Definitions of words and terms. 6
Chapter Two: Research Literature
Introduction. 9
Evaluation process of academic progress. 10
Types of questions. 11
Types of exams applicable at the level of the Ministry of Education. 15
How to design final exam questions. 16
How to correct final exams. 16
Theoretical foundations. 18
Classical test theory (CTT) 19
Assumptions of classical test theory. 19
Limitations of the classical test theory. 20
Generalizability theory (GT) 22
Concepts and terms in GT. 24
Types of studies. 27
Considerations of studies G and D. 27
World of acceptable observations and studies G. 28
World of generalization and studies D. 29
Stochastic and mixed models with unlimited and limited generalization worlds. 30
Generalization schemes. 31
Types of decisions and error variances 35
Types of coefficients. 37
Question-Answer Theory (IRT) 37
Assumptions of Question-Answer Theory. 38
One-dimensionality. 38
Local independence. 38
Introduction of basic concepts in question-answer theory. 39
Question specific curve (ICC) 39
Question difficulty parameter. 39
Question detection parameter. 40
Question guess parameter. 40
Test parameter. 40
The feature of invariability of parameters 41
Models in question-answer theory. 41
Query Models – Logistic Response for Binomial Data. 42
One-parameter model. 42
Two-parameter model. 42
Three-parameter model. 43
The theory of generalizability against the classical theory of test. 43
Classical test theory and generalizability theory versus question-answer theory. 45
The concept of credit. 47
Statistical definitions of credit. 47
Credit estimation methods. 48
Methods for estimating the validity of standard reference tests. 50
Factors affecting the validity of the test. 56
Measurement standard error. 57
The concept of validity in IRT. 59
Definition and concept of narrative. 59
Narrative history. 60
Narrative types. 60
Relation of narrative and credibility. 65
Content 65
Content analysis 66
Research done inside and outside of Iran. 66
Chapter Three: Research Method
Introduction. 78
Research method. 78
Statistical society. 79
Sample group and its selection method. 80
Method of gathering information. 81
Research implementation method. 83
Method of information analysis. 84
Chapter Four: Data Analysis
Analysis of statistical analysis. 92
Chapter Five: Discussion and Conclusion
Introduction. 151
Discussion and conclusion. 152
Ancillary research findings related to the correction of final exam papers. 163
Research limitations. 166
Suggestions for future research 166
Resources
Appendices
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