Investigating the relationship between social intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational creativity of Boali Sina University, Hamedan, in the academic year of 2012-2013

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Management

Abstract:

       The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between social intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational creativity of the employees of Bu Ali Sina University in Hamedan in the academic year of 2012-1393. The statistical population included all employees in the number of 777 people (587 men and 190 women) based on the Karjesi and Morgan table, 348 people (211 men and 137 women) were selected from among the employees using the stratified random sampling method. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The data collection tools included three questionnaires: Silvera et al.'s social intelligence (2001), organizational citizenship behavior (Ergan and Kanoski, 1991) and Randsip's organizational creativity (1979). The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by several educational management experts, and the reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method, 0.87, 0.84, and 0.92, respectively. The data were analyzed through SPSS software and at two levels of descriptive statistics such as table, graph, mean, standard deviation, frequency percentage and inferential statistics (Kalmogrov-Smironov test, t-test for independent groups, Pearson correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of variance test and step-by-step multivariate regression analysis, LSD test). The results of the research indicate that the social intelligence status is average (statistical average 3), but the organizational citizenship behavior and organizational creativity of Bu Ali Sina University employees is above the average level (higher than the statistical average 3). Also, the research results show a positive and significant relationship between social intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior and organizational creativity. Using step-by-step regression, the findings show that among the components of social intelligence, only the components of information processing and social awareness have the ability to predict organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, among the components of social intelligence, only the dimensions of social skills have the power to predict the organizational creativity variable.

Key words: social intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational creativity, employees of Bo Ali Sina University

1-1. Introduction:

Today's society is an organizational society. Today, a major part of our life is spent in organizations or in connection with organizations. By performing multiple or specialized tasks, any organization achieves general or specific goals for society and people (Alegh Band, 2017: 4). An organization requires certain characteristics in order to adapt to changes and to grow and survive in new environments. One of the most important characteristics that can help in responding to these changes is social intelligence (Mirza Qadri, 2016: 60).

Social intelligence [1] is a comprehensive term that includes a wide set of individual skills and characteristics and usually refers to those intra-personal and interpersonal skills that go beyond the field of It is a characteristic of previous knowledge, such as technical or professional skills. Thorndike [2] is one of the pioneers of the theory of social intelligence, who defined it as the ability to understand others and behave wisely in human communication. Thorndike used the term collective or social intelligence for the first time to explain human behavior and actions (Bozan, 2004). Investigating individual behavior in the work environment has attracted the attention of researchers to a great extent. The common goal of the studies is to define the type of behavior that contributes to the long-term success of the organization. The social intelligence of the organization's employees will have a great impact on their behavior, job satisfaction, organizational commitment (Tahami Monfared, Aliai Zand and Yousefi, 2012) and especially their organizational citizenship behavior [3] and organizational creativity [4]. According to Oregon and his colleagues[5], citizenship behavior is individual and voluntary behavior that improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization's performance, but is not directly rewarded by the organization's official systems. Organizational creativity is any kind of thinking process that solves a problem in a useful and original way (cited by Martinez and Treblanc [6], 2003: 65).

1-2. Statement of the research problem

People in social situations do not act the same because of individual differences. These individual differences refer to social intelligence in psychology literature. Social intelligence was seriously discussed for the first time when Thorndike defined intelligence in 1920 as social, mechanical and abstract intelligence between human behavior and action. He defined social intelligence as the ability to understand others and behave wisely in communication.Social intelligence was seriously discussed for the first time in 1920 when Thorndike defined intelligence as social, mechanical and abstract intelligence between human behavior and actions. He defined social intelligence as the ability to understand others and wise behavior in human communication (Doughan and Chetin[7], 2009). Social intelligence is the ability to establish interpersonal relationships in a group and cooperate with others, use the power of the mind and body to communicate with others and understand them better, the growth and development of interpersonal relationships and friendly behavior with others. In fact, creating healthy relationships or, in other words, "relationship policy" is a special and valuable ability called social intelligence (Bozan [8], 2002). Also, social intelligence is the ability to use communication skills, friendly relations with others, social behaviors and empathy with others (Mohammadian Hosseinabadi, 2016), which includes these components: social information processing; It means the ability to understand and predict the behavior and feelings of others. social awareness; Proper understanding of the concerns and feelings of others is one of the pillars of success in social activities and social skills; Sensitivity to others, to obtain superior job performance and the ability to recognize the needs of others (Golman [9], 2000). On the other hand, the civil behaviors that have arisen when humans entered civil societies have long been the focus of attention of experts and researchers in various fields of sociology and psychology. In particular, the attention of researchers in the fields of educational psychology has been directed to this variable in the last years of the 20th century (C. Chicha and Kim [10], 2009: 58). Katz and Kahn [11] (1968) believe that such behaviors increase the effectiveness of the organization and in environments where there is interaction and group relations, it can be defined as "behavioral patterns that support the social and psychological context of doing tasks and tasks" (Gol Parvar, Vakili and Atashpour, 2010). These behaviors were also defined as voluntary behaviors that are strongly required by official organizations (Ibrogoz [12], 2010). Mackenzie, Podsakoff and Payne[13] (2000) believe that this type of behavior is not primarily among the tasks and responsibilities defined in the job descriptions of people, but their performance in many ways affects the effective performance of individuals and groups. These types of behaviors include a wide range, such as helping others, non-compulsory cooperation and participation based on internal motivation, and offering suggestions and solutions to improve existing processes in the environment. Undoubtedly, it must be said that organizational creativity is one of the main goals and the main axis of management discussions and educational research that should be seriously considered. In today's world, where the speed of changes has increased and competition in organizations has expanded, creativity is considered the key way of survival and sustainability of organizations in this turbulent field. Creativity means the ability to generate new ideas that are useful for a certain time (Wolfoles [14], 2008: 221). Organizational creativity means providing new ideas and plans to improve and improve the quantity or quality of the organization's activities; For example, increasing productivity, increasing products or services, reducing costs, products or services from a better method, new products or services, etc. (Korkmaz, Arpeki[15], 2009). In a research, Mijes et al.[16] (2008) compared the effects of social intelligence and cognitive intelligence on the popularity of school teenagers by measuring academic achievement. It was observed that popularity is significantly related to social intelligence. Rezaei and Khalilzadeh (2008) in a research titled the relationship between managers' social intelligence and school teachers' job satisfaction concluded that (1) there is a positive and meaningful relationship between managers' social intelligence and teachers' job satisfaction. (2) Among the three components of social intelligence, the component of social skill and information processing are the best predictors for job satisfaction.

Kuldeep and his colleagues [17] (2009) in a research titled the relationship between five dimensions of personality and organizational citizenship behavior concluded that the four personality dimensions of extroversion, conscientiousness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience are positively related to organizational citizenship behavior. The relationship between social intelligence and various variables has been studied by various researchers. but it seems that less research has been done in relation to the correlation of social intelligence with organizational citizenship behavior and organizational creativity. Therefore, this research aims to study the relationship between these variables. Therefore, the current research aims to answer the following basic question.