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Investigating the effect of job pressures on the performance of female teachers of the second secondary level in Behshahr

Number of pages: 77 File Format: word File Code: 29874
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Educational Sciences
Tags/Keywords: Job pressures - The effect of job pressures on teachers' performance - The performance of female teachers
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  • Summary of Investigating the effect of job pressures on the performance of female teachers of the second secondary level in Behshahr

    Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A)

    Field: Educational Research

    Abstract

    The present study was prepared and compiled in order to investigate the effect of job pressures on the performance of secondary school female teachers. Data collection in this research is a descriptive survey method. The statistical population of this research is made up of 285 female education teachers, 162 of whom were selected by stratified random sampling based on the sample size determination table of Karjisi Morgan. The measurement tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire that has 3 dimensions of responsibility, social personality, and psychological state. The method of data analysis was done with descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (including sample t-test) using spss software. The results of the research showed that the average scores of all components of teachers' job pressures are higher than average.

    Introduction

    The work and activity of teachers in schools is an aspect of life that, regardless of financial resources, satisfies some of the basic human needs such as mental and physical mobility, social needs and feelings of self-worth, despite this work and activity in schools and organizations can also be a source of psychological pressure. In the last decade, the subject of mental pressure and stress and its effects have been given much attention in schools. Despite the fact that stress and positive mental pressures also exist and these factors should not be viewed as a negative phenomenon, when talking about mental pressures, more attention is paid to its complications and negative aspects. However, psychological pressures have many effects on the performance and activities of organization members. Managers, employees and clients of the organization suffer from certain mental states under the influence of nervous pressures and take actions that are directly reflected in the activities and efficiency of the organization. In addition to psychological effects, nervous pressures also have physical effects. The severe mental pressures of teachers and school parents cause a wavering in the goals and ways to achieve them and affect the efficiency of the students. Today, the importance of the education system to advance the country's development goals has been proven by the politicians and has become very important. Among these, one of the most important and perhaps the most controversial concepts, which on the one hand has focused a lot of theoretical and fundamental efforts and on the other hand has become very important in all the human resources of organizations, is stress and psychological pressure on teachers because teachers influence many organizational variables and provide a background for the growth and prosperity of the organization. Educational systems go beyond quantitative issues and universalize education, it is inevitable to pay attention to qualitative issues. Educational phenomena require attention to the conditions of stress and psychological pressures on teachers and promote the personality and identity stability of teachers through the most important factor, which is human stability and strengthening the teacher's spirit. And society is formed by education, so that UNESCO has declared in the world report: almost one out of every five people living today is either a student or serves as a teacher in the formal education system. The basis of self-sufficiency and independence of any society is based on the existence of educational organizations of that society, and among all the effective forces of an educational organization, most of the experts and thinkers of educational issues believe that teachers are the most important effective factor in the process of education and training, therefore paying attention to their needs and how to provide them by the organization can lead to a reduction of psychological pressure and as a result their organizational commitment in the organization (Hosseini Nasab et al., 2013, p. 14).

    Since every country needs an efficient education and training system in its comprehensive development and progress, and the first step in achieving a successful and efficient teaching staff is to understand the factors that affect the quality of teachers' performance, because there is a direct relationship between people's psychological pressure and their performance, so that people who are satisfied with their work and have less psychological pressure will do their work better, and people who are dissatisfied with their work will not do their work properly (Hosseini Nasab and colleagues, 1391, p. 14). Psychological pressure and its effect on teachers in the work environment have received much attention in recent years.. Some teachers use psychological pressure as an excuse for not doing the assigned tasks properly. Many others suffer a lot of psychological pressure. There are also teachers who need to be pressured to do their work correctly. The goal of psychological stress management is to help teachers find the level of psychological stress that is appropriate to their ability to do the work correctly and maintain it until the stage of change (Hosseini, 1388, p. 78). Therefore, in this research, the researcher seeks to investigate this basic question, what is the situation of job pressures and methods of dealing with them among female secondary school teachers?

    Importance and necessity of the research

    When employees join an organization, they bring with them a set of past wishes, needs, and desires that together create a job expectation, but the reactions and job pressures that the organization provides in front of the employees' wishes feel positive or negative. It shapes people towards their jobs (Yazdi, 2019, p. 21).

    Psychological pressure and its effect on employees in the work environment have been noticed in recent years.  Psychological stress usually occurs when a person faces a challenge, threat, or change, in other words, there is no balance between a person's ability to do work and the work required of him. Psychological pressure increases in certain situations and with the interaction of a person and his work environment, because a better understanding of psychological pressure is to know how to create motivation in its circular process. The cycle of motivation usually begins with the emergence of a need. The person wants to do the work (motivation) and as a result he does the work. The work he does brings him closer to his desired goal, at that time he feels satisfied, and if he is unsuccessful, he feels dissatisfied and may face increasing pressure. This cycle does not end and the person prepares to do a new job to achieve a new goal. Since the cycle of psychological pressure is inevitable in human life, it is sometimes useful, but if out of bounds It causes serious problems for human health. Because the combinations of biological, psychological and social factors that play an important role in controlling mental pressure and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are endangered. Mental stress is a sign of our age. Everywhere we look, we see people trying to reduce the effects of life's intense stresses by jumping up and down and exercising, going to gyms and following special diets. Even some companies have developed detailed programs for managing psychological stress in order to teach their employees how to cope with stressful life situations, because they understand how much disorders related to psychological stress reduce productivity and how much they cost. to be active in work that they either like or dislike (Hosseini, 2018, p. 89).

    Research Objectives

    A) General Objectives:

    Investigating the impact of job pressures on the performance of secondary school female teachers in Behshahr city.

  • Contents & References of Investigating the effect of job pressures on the performance of female teachers of the second secondary level in Behshahr

    List:

     

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

    Abstract.. 1

    Chapter One: General Research

    Introduction.. 3

    Problem Statement.. 4

    The importance and necessity of research. 5

    Research objectives. 6

    A) general objectives. 6

    b) special objectives. 7

    Research questions. 7

    Definitions of concepts and terms. 7

    A- Theoretical definitions. 7

    B- operational definitions. 8

    Chapter Two: Literature and research background

    Introduction.. 10

    1- Theoretical foundations of research. 11

    Job.. 11

    Conditions for obtaining a job. 11

    Processes of conditions for obtaining a job. 11

    The job of a teacher in the words of Imam Khomeini (RA). 12

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

    The job of a teacher in the words of the Supreme Leader:. 12

    Job selection criteria. 12

    Talent is an effective factor in choosing a job. 13

    Examining interests as an effective factor in choosing a job. 14

    Job opportunities as an effective factor in choosing a job. 14

    Economic factors as an effective factor in choosing a job. 14

    Social position as an effective factor in choosing a job. 15

    Job stress. 15

    Occupational stress factor. 16

    The organization's solutions to prevent job pressures and stresses. 17

    Conflict-causing factors and teachers' psychological pressure. 17

    want-want conflict. 17

    Conflict between desire and unwillingness. 18

    Unwanted-unwanted conflict. 18

    factors causing intra-organizational stress among teachers. 18

    Organizational policies. 19

    Organizational structure. 19

    Physical conditions of the organization. 19

    Organizational processes. 20

    Stress and work performance of employees and teachers. 20

    Reducing the occupational stress of employees and teachers. 21

    Prevention of occupational stress. 22

    Table of Contents

    Title

    Stress Prevention Steps. 22

    Skills to reduce the occupational stress of employees and teachers. 23

    Mental stress. 24

    Main stressful life changes. 25

    Stressful environmental incidents. 25

    Harmful psychological pressure. 25

    Signs of mental pressure. 26

    How to reduce the level of mental pressure among teachers. 28

    Influential factors and consequences of job pressure processes. 28

    2- Research background. 31

    A) Researches conducted inside the country. 31

    b) researches conducted abroad. 32

    Conclusion.. 34

    Chapter Three: Research Methodology

    Introduction.. 37

    Type of research. 37

    Statistical society. 37

    Sample and sampling method. 37

    Research tools. 38

    Validity and reliability. 38

    Research data analysis method. 39

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

     

    Chapter IV: Data Analysis

    Introduction.. 41

    A) Descriptive data analysis. 42

    b) Inferential data analysis. 46

     

    Chapter five: conclusion and suggestions

    Summary.. 51

    Research findings. 52

    Descriptive results of the data. 52

    Discussion and interpretation of data. 54

    Conclusion.. 55

    Limitations. 56

    A) Limitation in the scope of research. 56

    b) Implementation restrictions. 56

    Suggestions.. 56

    A) Suggestions based on research findings. 56

    b) Suggestions for future researchers. 57

    Sources

    A) Persian sources. 59

    b) English sources. 61

     

     

     

    Table of Contents

    Title                                                                                                                 61

     

     

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

    Appendices

    Appendix 1: Questionnaire. 63

    Appendix 2: Tables related to spss. 65

    Affidavit of originality of thesis or thesis. 67

    English abstract. 68

     

     

    Source:

     

     Persian sources

    - Pardachi, Mohammad Hassan. (1388). Investigating the relationship between quality of work life and job burnout of school principals and teachers in Takestan city, Quarterly Journal of Educational Leadership and Management, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar branch.

    - Hosseini Nesab et al. (2011). Investigating the relationship between leadership styles based on the Likert theory of school principals and the job satisfaction of middle school teachers in Pars Abad city. Quarterly Journal of Educational Sciences No. 20

    - Hosseini, Seyyed Mohammad Mahdi. (2008). Solutions to reduce work pressure and increase motivation among employees of the prisons organization, Quarterly Journal of Educational Sciences, Correction and Education, No. 76. Khosrovinejad, Shahzad. (2012). Investigating the relationship between management style and job satisfaction of female and male high school teachers in Andimshek city in the academic year 2013-2013. Conference on Shirazadi Management.

    - Robbins, PA, (2006). Fundamentals of organizational behavior; Translators: Ali Parsaian and Seyyed Mohammad Arabi, Tehran: Cultural Research Office.

    - Seyed Javadin, Reza. (2004). Human resource management and employee affairs, Tehran: Negah Danesh.

    - Abedi, Mohammad Reza. (2009). Investigating and comparing the effectiveness of career counseling methods in the style of social learning theory, job adaptation and cognitive, behavioral happiness model of Fodais on reducing the burnout of education counselors in Isfahan city. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran.

    - Farahmand, Fatemeh. (2006). Stress and job burnout among teachers, Tehran: Hawa.

    - Guderzi, Azadeh. Anxiety does not spare anyone, Psychology of Society, No. 35.

    - Moradi, Adib. (1390). A teacher's job and a teacher, Shahrivar, Rushd magazine, number 189.

    - Memarzadeh Gholamreza. (2010). Investigating the necessity of matching the employee's personality with the high-risk operational jobs of attracting and recruiting correctly and increasing efficiency. Tarbiat Modares University Humanities Quarterly, Number 3

    - Mirspasi, Nasser. (2008). A strategic perspective on the administrative system and development, Management and Development Process Journal, No. 47

    - Hedayati Khah, Mehrnoosh. (2011). New Approaches to Empowering Employees and Managers, Duniya Ekhtaz Newspaper, No. 2631, dated April 14th.

    - Yazdi, Saydeh Manour and colleagues. (2009). The interaction effect between the dimensions of job stress and managers' job satisfaction. Psychological Studies Quarterly, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Al-Zahra University, No. 2

    b) English sources

    -      Holland J. L.; (2004) The career key and career choice Holland's personality types.

    Mart?nez de la Casa Munoz A, del Castillo Comas C, Maga?a Loarte E, Bru Espino I, Franco Moreno A, Segura Fragoso A. (2008). Study of the prevalence of burnout in doctors in the Health Area of ??Talavera de la Reina. Aten Primaria

    Mazur, P. J., & Lynch, M. D. (2009). Differential impact of administrative, organizational, and personality factors on teacher burnout. Teaching and Teacher Education

    Mishel, W; Skinner, J; Rowe, G; Gork, C; (2008) Views of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in Australian long-term care; J Clin Nurs Mar;12(2).

    Ronit Bogler (2001) The Influence of Leadership Style on Teacher Job Satisfaction; 37; 662 Educational Administration Quarterly

    www. javaran.persianblog.ir

    -       www.nyfiresh.blogsky.com/1389/06/11/post-292

    -       www.counseling.persianblog.ir/page/3

    -       www.ravanshenasi234.blogfa.com/post-365.

Investigating the effect of job pressures on the performance of female teachers of the second secondary level in Behshahr
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