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Investigation of music-based education on reducing learning disorders of primary school children in Gilan Gharb city in 1992-93

Number of pages: 102 File Format: word File Code: 29866
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Educational Sciences
Tags/Keywords: learning - learning disorder - music - Music-based education
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  • Summary of Investigation of music-based education on reducing learning disorders of primary school children in Gilan Gharb city in 1992-93

    Dissertation to receive a master's degree in the field of educational technology (M.A)

    Abstract:

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of music-based education in reducing the learning disorder of elementary school students in Gilangreb city. The method used in this type of research is quasi-experimental with post-test and pre-test and two experimental and control groups. The population that is the target of this study is the third grade students of Gilangreb city in the academic year of 92-93 and the selected samples were 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) and were selected as available samples. The duration of this research is during eight weeks of training sessions. The research tool including the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire was used. The reliability of this questionnaire and its components have been checked by the questionnaire makers with internal consistency and retesting methods and acceptable values ??have been obtained. The discriminant validity and construct validity of the mentioned questionnaire have been reported as optimal. Also, the convergent validity of the components of this questionnaire with the standard educational achievement questionnaire has been reported as follows: reading 64/.; Math 44/.; social cognition 64/.; Social anxiety 64/. and spatial performance/30. Research hypotheses were analyzed with the help of covariance analysis test. The results showed that: After using music-based training in learning disorders, the experimental group showed significant growth in learning disorders, including reduction of reading disorder, reduction of writing disorder, reduction of math disorder, reduction of social anxiety and increase of social cognition. The analysis of the data collected in the research was done using spss software and using descriptive statistics methods of mean, standard deviation and analysis of covariance methods were used in the inferential statistics section. Keywords: Music, music-based education, learning disorder, learning.

    Introduction:

    One of the goals that can be achieved by addressing music in elementary schools is to use its functions in the teaching and learning process. Different senses and intelligences are involved in the process of teaching and learning, and the more intelligences are used in this matter, the more it will move away from one-dimensional, one-dimensional and passive education and move towards dynamic and stable and multi-dimensional interactive education. became. One of the proven intelligences of human beings is rhythmic musical intelligence. If the teaching process is accompanied by rhythm, weight and music, the understanding of educational concepts will be better and easier for students. Today, music and its neurophysiological effects are of interest to many researchers around the world (Kihani and Shariat Panahi, 2007). Breathing, taking a step, heartbeat, all are rhythmic or rhythmic aspects of our physical life (Stor, 2001). The ability to express and feel the beat in children and adults goes beyond their ordinary enjoyment and reactions to simple music. Identical multiplications are the basis of the ability to understand speech and language patterns, and for this reason, it is very important (Jensen, 2016). There is a connection between cognition and music, Chi Ho and Chun (2003) consider systematic and regular music training to be effective in the field of memory processing, Collier and Logan (2000) also believe that short-term memory performance is better with the use of alternating rhythmic auditory stimuli than when visual stimuli are used. It is said that music strengthens memory through mental imagery (Khalaf Begi et al., 2015). There are several signs and symptoms that show that the specific neural networks of music processing in the brain operate completely independently and separately (independent of other brain neural structures) (Malairi et al., 2014). Strengthening and facilitating the functioning of networks involved in music in the left hemisphere (through early music training) increases the mental ability of these areas, which include the components the mind needs for reasoning. The results of research in Iran have also shown an increase in the cognitive development of children and an increase in general reasoning ability as a result of music education (Mirbha et al., 2012). Life in every stage of development and for its continuation requires learning because the major part of human behavior is learnable.. Language and expression of one's needs, expression of emotions, control of emotions, socializing with fellow humans and development of thinking power are possible through learning. Therefore, paying attention to learning and considering its related subject in educational activities is the basic condition for the success of educators (Shariatamdari, 2013, p. 314). The term learning disorder was first proposed by Samuel Kirk in 1963 in an association of parents that was formed in New York City (Narimani et al., 2011, quoted by Shahim and Haroon Rashidi, 2016). This disorder is mainly seen in children aged 7 to 10 years (Kaplan, Sadok and Greb, 2002 and translated by Porafkari, 2012). Due to the fact that the processing of music in the brain takes place in areas different from the areas involved in the perception of other sounds, including speech, today music therapy is used in mental and physical rehabilitation, as well as helping to develop listening accuracy, improving attention and concentration, and ultimately developing speaking skills. This applies more to people suffering from learning disorders (Zadeh Mohammadi, 2004). 1-3- Importance and necessity of research: One of the useful methods for learning materials, especially for students, is to substitute new materials and concepts instead of music poems and songs. When a person adjusts and harmonizes the contents, thoughts and words with music, while different areas of the brain are activated, the contents are stored in different highways of memory, and in this way, the ability to learn the contents is strengthened (ibid., p. 129). Their neurological patterns seem to be somewhat different from children of the same age who do not have these disorders. People with learning disabilities share some kind of academic and social failure. They are not able to do what others at the same level of intelligence do (Callagher et al., 2017). Various educational, environmental, psychological and even genetic factors are involved in the occurrence of learning disorders and they include neurological (neurocognitive), academic, social, emotional and adaptive defects (Narimani et al., 2013, quoted by Roman, 1998). 

    In the field of psychology, like the common languages ??of the world, music has been considered as a kind of language that has its own regions in the brain, and like language, its understanding requires training (Kihani and Shariat Panahi, 2017). A pleasurable experience can provide and support patients against frustrating or unpleasant life situations. Considering that many views believe in the effect of music as one of the treatment methods in improving the performance of children with special disabilities and considering the importance of music therapy, the present research is conducted with the aim of investigating this method to reduce children's learning disorders. 93-92

    1-4-2- Sub-objectives:

    1- The role of music-based education in reducing the reading disorder of elementary school students in Gilangreb city.

    2- The role of music-based education in reducing the writing disorder of elementary school students in Gilangreb city.

    3- The role of music-based education in reducing the math disorder of elementary school students in Gilangreb city.

    4- The role of education based in Gilangreb city on music on reducing the social anxiety of elementary school students in Gilangreb city. 5- The role of music-based education in increasing the social awareness of elementary school students in Gilangreb city. 1-5- Research hypotheses: 1- Music-based education has an effect in reducing students' learning disorders. 2- Music-based education has an effect in reducing students' reading disorders. 3- Music-based education is effective in reducing students' writing disorders. 4- Music-based education is effective in reducing students' math disorders. 5- Music-based education is effective in reducing students' social anxiety. 6- Music-based education is effective in increasing students' social cognition. Conceptual:

    Music: It is a form of art that conveys human feeling, emotion, perception and knowledge without the need for speech and language.

  • Contents & References of Investigation of music-based education on reducing learning disorders of primary school children in Gilan Gharb city in 1992-93

    List:

     

                                                 Table of Contents

    Abstract ..1

    Chapter 1: Introduction to the research

    1-1- Introduction..3

    1-2- Statement of the problem..4

    1-3- Importance and necessity of research..4

    1-4- Research objectives..5

    1-5- Research hypotheses. 6

    1-6-Conceptual definitions..6

    1-6-1- Conceptual definitions. 6

    1-6-2- Operational definitions. 7

    Chapter Two: Literature and research background

    1-2- Introduction..9

    2-2- Music..9

    3-2- Music is a human need. 10

    4-2- Using music. 11

    5-2- Learning material through music. 12

    6-2- The benefits of music in learning material.13

    2-7-What age is useful for musical education?.13

    2-8-Children and music.14

    9-2- When does the historical and evolutionary roots of music therapy go back? 16

    10-2- Music and medicine, psychiatry and psychology.16

    11-2-2- Brain mechanism of music. 18

    12-2-2- Mental relaxation with nature music. 21

    1-3-2- Learning disorder. 21

    2-3-2- Definitions of learning disorder. 22

    3-3-2- How are learning disorders diagnosed? 24

    4-3-2- Characteristics of disabilities. Learning. 25

    5-3-2- Reading disabilities and other disabilities based on language. 26

    6-3-2- visual-motor learning disorders. 26

    7-3-2- Types of learning disorders. 27

    Math disorder.. 27

    Problems of students with inability to learn math. 30

    Music and math related skills. 33

    8-3-2- Reading disorder. 33

    9-3-2- Writing disorder. 36

    10-3-2- Social cognition. 42

    11-3-2- Social anxiety. 46

    12-3-2- Use of music in education. 47

    13-3-2- Use of music in learning disorders. 48

    14-3-2- Who have learning disorders. 49

    15-3-2- What factors cause learning disorders? 49

    4-2- Experimental background of the subject. 52

    1-4-2- Internal research. 52

    2-4-2- External research. 53

    Third chapter: Research method

    1-3- Research implementation method. 56

    2-3- Research design...56

    3-3- Research community...58

    4-3- Sample size...58

    5-3- Data collection tool. 60

    Chapter Four: Research Findings

    Descriptive Statistics Table No. 1.62

    Descriptive Statistics Table No. 2.63

    Descriptive Statistics Table No. 3.63

    Descriptive Statistics Table No. 4.64

    Descriptive Statistics Table No. 5.64

    Statistics Table Inferential statistics number 1.65

    Inferential statistics table number 2.66

    Inferential statistics table number 3.67

    Inferential statistics table number 4.69

    Inferential statistics table number 5.71

    Inferential statistics table number 6.73

    Table of inferential statistics number 7.75

    Table of inferential statistics number 8.77

    Chapter five: discussion and conclusions

    1-5- Summary of the research...80

    2-5- Discussion and interpretation of the results. ..85

    Sources .. 87

    Source:

     

    Sources:

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Investigation of music-based education on reducing learning disorders of primary school children in Gilan Gharb city in 1992-93
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