Investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose in patients with diabetes

Number of pages: 223 File Format: word File Code: 29861
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Master's degree Category: Psychology
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  • Summary of Investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose in patients with diabetes

    Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology

    Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A.)

    Investigation of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin and blood glucose in patients with diabetes

    By: Masoumeh Izadpanahi

    Abstract:

    The present study aims The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health, and blood glucose hemoglobin in diabetic patients in Shiraz city was investigated. The statistical population of the present study consists of approximately nine hundred and fifty diabetic people who referred to the diabetes association of Shiraz city, who had referred to the diabetes association a year ago and filed a case.  The research population includes 60 people as an available sample from among patients who are members of the Shiraz Diabetes Association; They were randomly selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 30 people, test and control. At first, the pre-test was done by both groups, and then the experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 2.5 hours weekly under stress management group training in a cognitive-behavioral way along with relaxation and the control group during this period underwent other trainings unrelated to stress management such as drug trainings. After the end of the course, both groups completed the questionnaire again.  Also, the hemoglobin glucose test was taken 3 months apart from the first test. The tools of this research included resilience questionnaires, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose test. Also, the data obtained from the research were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, maximum and minimum) and inferential statistics using covariance, MANOVA and independent t-test methods and by Spss-18 software. The findings of this research show that group stress management training in a cognitive-behavioral way has increased the resilience of diabetic patients and has pushed the center of health control towards internalization, and has also increased general health and decreased hemoglobin and blood glucose levels of diabetic patients.

    Keywords: group training for stress management, resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose.

    Abstract

           The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Group Training on Stress Management Style Resiliency, Health Locus of Control, General Health and Hemoglobin Levels in diabetic patients of Shiraz city has been done. Research method was experimental and the design of pretest-posttest-with-control group was kind. Statistical population consisted of nearly nine hundred and fifty diabetic patients from the Diabetic Center of the City of Shiraz one year before and filling the case. The research community consisted of 60 people was randomly selected from the member patients of Shiraz diabetic association who were available from the sample. They were randomly brought in two groups of experimental and control. At first pre-tests were performed by both groups and then the experiment group were trained stress management, cognitive-behavioral therapy with relaxation in 10 sessions of two hours and a half every week and during this term control group was under training other unrelated stress management programs such as drug educations. After the end of the term, both groups completed the questionnaires again. Also glycemic control index (HbA1c) test was repeated after 3 months from the first test. The research tools include resilience questionnaires, Health Locus of Control, General Health and glycemic control index (HbA1c) testing. Also, data obtained from research using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, maximum and minimum) and the covariance method Manova inferential statistics and independent T-test and analysis software Spss-18 case.

     

    Key words: Cognitive Behavioral Group Training on Stress Management, Resiliency, Health Control Locus, General Health and Glycemic Hemoglobin Levels.

  • Contents & References of Investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose in patients with diabetes

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    Table of Contents

    Title

    Abstract.. 1

    Chapter One: Research Overview

    1-1-Introduction.. 3

    1-2-Statement of the problem.. 8

    1-3- Necessity and importance of research.. 21

    1-4-Research goal.. 31

    1-4-1- Scientific goals.. 31

    1-4-2- Practical goals.. 31

    1-5- Research hypothesis.. 31

    1-6- Theoretical definitions of variables.. 32

    1-6-1- Definition of concepts.. 32

    1-6-1-1- Theoretical definition.. 32

    1-7-Operational definitions of variables.. 33

     

    Chapter Two: Theoretical foundations and research background

    2-1- Theoretical discussions.. 35

    2-1-1- Theoretical discussions Diabetes.. 35

    2-1-1-1 Introduction.. 35

    2-1-1-2- Diabetes from definition to reality. 36

    2-1-1-3- obesity, hidden epidemic. 37

    2-1-1-4- Short history of diabetes. 38

    2-1-1-5- How does insulin work in the body? 39

    2-1-1-6- Why should blood sugar be regulated?. 40

    2-1-1-7- types of diabetes.. 41

    2-1-1-8- risk factors of type 2 diabetes. 43

    2-1-1-9- symptoms of diabetes.. 45

    2-1-1-10- diagnosis criteria. 46

    2-1-1-11- Complications of diabetes.. 46

    2-1-1-12- Early complications of diabetes. 46

    2-1-1-13- Late complications of diabetes. 47

    2-1-1-14- Treatment of diabetes.. 50

    2-1-1-15- Importance of diabetes control. 52

    2-1-1-16- The effect of grief and depression on diabetes. 53

    2-1-2- Theoretical foundations of resilience structure. 53

    2-1-2-1- elements of resilience and perspectives. 54

    2-1-2-2- Definition of resilience.. 55

    2-1-2-3- How resilience is formed. 57

    2-1-2-3-1- Theoretical approaches to resilience. 57

    2-1-2-4- Research waves about resilience. 59

    2-1-2-5-characteristics of resilient people. 63

    2-1-2-6- The profile of a resilient person. 63

    2-1-2-6-1- Social competence. 63

    2-1-2-6-2- problem solving skills. 64

    2-1-2-6-3- Independence.. 65

    2-1-2-6-4- Sense of purpose.. 65

    2-1-2-6-5- Self-confidence.. 66

    2-1-2-6-6- Feeling of sufficiency... 67

    2-1-2-6-7- Feeling of having one Safe base. 67

    2-1-2-7- Characteristics of resilient environments. 69

    2-1-3- Theoretical issues of health control center. 70

    2-1-3-1- Source of control.. 70

    2-1-3-2- Psychological toughness. 71

    2-1-3-3- control center.. 73

    2-1-3-4- internal and external control. 73

    2-1-3-5- Health control center. 74

    2-1-3-6- Feeling of individual control. 75

    2-1-3-7- Types of control.. 75

    2-1-3-8- A person's belief about himself and control. 77

    2-1-3-9- Formation of individual control. 78

    2-1-3-10- Gender and cultural differences in individual control. 79

    2-1-3-11-When people do not have individual control. 79

    2-1-3-12- Individual control and health. 82

    2-1-4- Theoretical foundations of public health. 84

    2-1-4-1- Effective factors in public health. 85

    2-1-4-2- Types of public health perspectives. 85

    2-1-5-hemoglobin, glucose.. 89

    2-1-6- group management of stress. 91

    2-1-6-1- about treatments. 91

    2-1-6-2- Stress.. 91

    2-1-6-2-1- What is stress?.. 91

    2-1-6-2-2- Types of stress.. 94

    2-1-6-2-3- Effective factors in reaction to mental pressure. 95

    2-1-6-2-4-factors that reduce mental pressure. 96

    2-1-6-2-5-stress management technique. 106

    2-1-6-3- Definition of cognition.. 108

    2-1-6-3-1- Cognitive therapy.. 108

    2-1-6-4- Behavior therapy.. 110

    2-1-6-5- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (C. B. T). 111

    2-1-6-6- Relaxation theories. 112

    2-1-6-6-1-Uniform theories. 112

    2-1-6-6-2- two-faceted theories. 113

    2-1-6-6-3- multifaceted theories. 113

    2-1-6-7- Definition of group stress management in a cognitive-behavioral way. 115

    2-1-6-7-1- Group meetings and program duration. 116

    2-1-6-7-2- group size.. 116

    2-1-6-7-3- closed group structure. 117

    2-1-6-7-4- The sequence of meetings.. 117

    2-1-6-7-5-Maintenance meetings.. 118

    2-1-6-7-6- The design goals of this program. 119

    2-1-6-7-7- group leaders..120

    2-1-6-7-8- Outline of the program. 121

    2-2- Previous research. 123

    2-2-1- Stress and resilience. 123

    2-2-2- Stress and locus of control. 125

    2-2-3- Stress and general health. 126

    2-2-4- Stress and hemoglobin glucosity. 131

    2-2-5- Resilience and public health. 133

    2-2-6- Public health and control center. 134

    2-2-7- Center of control and hemoglobin of glucose. 138

    2-3- Summary. 138

    Chapter three: research method

    3-1- Type of research. 141

    3-1-1- Type of research method. 141

    3-1-2- Statistical community and research sample. 142

    3-1-3- Sampling method. 142

    3-1-4- Research implementation method. 142

    3-2- Research tools and their validity and reliability. 146

    3-2-1- Personal characteristics questionnaire. 147

    3-2-2-Resilience Scale Questionnaire. 148

    3-2-3- Health control center questionnaire. 149

    3-2-4- Goldberg and Hill general health questionnaire. 151

    3-2-5- Examining the amount of hemoglobin glucose. 153

    3-3- Ethical considerations in the implementation method. 153

    3-4- Data analysis method. 154

    Chapter Four: Research Findings

    4-1- Descriptive findings related to research variables. 156

    4-2- Examining research hypotheses. 158

    Chapter Five: Discussion and Conclusion

    5-1-A summary of the research. 167

    5-2-Research hypotheses. 168

    5-3-Discussion. 169

    5-4-Conclusion. 179

    5-5-Limitations. 182

    5-6-Suggestions. 182

     

    Attachments:

    Personal information questionnaire. 185

    Resilience questionnaire. 186

    Health control center questionnaire. 188

    General health questionnaire. 190

    List of sources

    A) Persian sources. 192

    b) Latin sources. 203

    Source:

    A) Persian sources:

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    - Abolhasani, Farid; Mohajerani Tehrani, Mohammad Reza; Tabatabai Molazi, Ezra and Larijani, Bagher. (1384). The burden of diabetes and its complications based on studies of the last decade in Iran. Iran Journal of Diabetes and Lipid 2014; Volume 5 (Number 1): 35-48.

    - Ardakani, Afkham, Rashidi, Maryam. (1384). Type 2 diabetes risk factors, Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, No. 4, 348-350.

    - Arman, Sarwar. (1375). Comparison of the prevalence of mental stress before the diagnosis of diabetes, scientific journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, number 24. Afkhami Ardakani, Mohammad, Zare, Hossein, Alipour, Ahmed, Poursharifi, Hamid (2012). Correlation of self-efficacy, personality type and locus of health control with the level of blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes, research journal of Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Volume 20, Number 6.

    - Agha Mohammadian, Hamidreza, Ghanbari, Bahramali and Vaezi, Marzieh (2018) A comparative study of stress factors and coping strategies in diabetic and healthy individuals. Quarterly Journal of the University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar (Secrets), Bahar 89, (1 (55)):27-32.

    - Aghamoulaei, Taimur, Tawafian, Sediqeh Sadat and Qanbranjad, Amin (2012). The status of the health control center and its relationship with health-promoting behaviors in the population over fifteen years old in Bandar Abbas city. Health Management Journal, Volume 17, Number: 55.

    - Aghaei, Asghar and Atashpour, Hamid. (1380). Stress and mental health, Isfahan, Pardej Publications.

    - Akbari, Ali and Dehkordi, Mahnaz. (2011). Effectiveness of teaching coping skills based on Marlatt's model in preventing relapse and increasing resilience in substance dependent people. Clinical Psychology, Term 1, Number 3.

    - Akbari, Maryam, Rostami, Maryam, Abdi, Ali and Ariapour, Saeed (2013) Investigating the relationship between perceived stress and students' coping styles. First National Conference on Personality and Modern Life.

    - Akbaripour, Sahar, Neshat Dost, Taher, Molavi, Hassan. (1387). Effectiveness of immunization group training against stress on public health, Isfahan University Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology Journal, year 12, number 2. - Alder, Porter, Abraham, Tijlingen. (2011). Health psychology, translator: Rezaei, Tehran, Nasharajmand.

    - Allen, AR, S.

Investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management group training on resilience, health control center, general health and hemoglobin glucose in patients with diabetes