Explaining the indicators of neighborhood divisions in the 1st district of Tehran Municipality

Teaching Group of Human Geography

Master Thesis Research Plan

Abstract:

Neighborhood is considered as the smallest urban space, the cell of urban life and a dynamic element in proper urban governance. The divisions and boundaries of urban neighborhoods have undergone changes and transformations from the Islamic period to the new period. In the past, neighborhood classification was done based on social and economic indicators, but in the contemporary period, the principles of native-Islamic culture and the introversion of urban neighborhoods have faded with the construction of wide and intersecting streets, as well as the large displacement of the population with the creation of new jobs, which has caused the breakdown of the structure of the market and old neighborhoods, the social breakdown of traditional neighborhoods, and the increase in density in some neighborhoods. Neighborhoods in the contemporary period are based on physical, political and economic indicators such as political-administrative decisions, new constructions and construction activities, especially the construction of new communication networks, which has resulted in a decrease in the sense of belonging and social identity of the neighborhoods.

Region 1 of Tehran city, which includes old transformed villages and new urban neighborhoods, due to the current conditions, is caused by new demarcations with problems such as social segregation, spatial segregation within the neighborhood, Confusion of uses and limitations and service delivery problems are faced.

In this thesis, a research method based on a systemic approach has been used, therefore, in relation to the past and present situation, by describing the main elements and factors in the demarcation of urban neighborhoods, the results have been analyzed, the analytical method of the one-group t-test, Friedman's test, and the attention of expert opinions (Delphi method) have been used. The result of this research, after studying and examining the process of changes in neighborhood divisions in the 1st district of Tehran municipality, especially in the two neighborhoods of Derkeh and Qaitarieh, was proposed as a model for creating sub-neighborhoods with respect for social and cultural cohesion. Combining social, cultural indicators with political, administrative, physical and economic indicators that will bring more efficiency in demarcating neighborhoods. As a final solution of the research, it was presented as a result of the aforementioned indicators, taking into account the local conditions, emphasizing the natural elements of the neighborhoods (rivers, valleys and mountains), the common cultural characteristics of the residents, the social and economic characteristics of the neighborhoods, the common material and spiritual interests with regard to the signs of identity and taking into account the participation of the people in determining the boundaries of the neighborhood.

Key words: urban management, sustainable urban development, neighborhood management, neighborhood-based planning, neighborhoods, divisions A neighborhood (neighborhood planning), district one of Tehran municipality. Chapter 1: Research overview 1-1 Statement of the problem: The necessity of investigating the neighborhood and knowing its dimensions in urban planning, while having theoretical values, also has clear practical dimensions in the field of urban management and planning, especially in metropolises.

Neighborhood divisions and demarcation of urban neighborhoods have undergone changes and transformations from the Islamic period, which was based on occupational, trade, and ethnic groups, to the new period, which follows the principles and methods of political-administrative demarcation. In the past, neighborhood classification was based on social and economic indicators, but in the contemporary period, the principles of indigenous-Islamic culture and the introversion of urban neighborhoods faded, and the construction of wide intersecting streets caused the disintegration of the market structure and urban textures and historical neighborhoods. Today, the exogenous development model has dominated urban neighborhoods and urban structure. During this period, the neighborhood was defined as one of the levels of the hierarchy of urban divisions in the framework of the Law on Definitions and Rules of Country Divisions. In the Law on the Formation of Islamic Councils in 1361, the formation of a neighborhood council was foreseen for the administration of such a micro-scale urban unit in the city, and based on Note 2 of Article 4 of the Law on Country Divisions approved on 4/15/1363, the neighborhood was introduced as one of the most important and fundamental divisions of the country.

Metropolitan city of Tehran is also with a long history and as the most important city in the country, in its periods of growth and expansion, it has faced the change of neighborhood boundaries. The demarcation of Tehran's urban neighborhoods has also changed over time in accordance with the transformations of the economic, social and political systems.The construction of new communication networks, the large movement of the population within the city and the creation of new jobs, together with the city's service programs, have affected this type of demarcation, so that the demarcation of Tehran's urban neighborhoods underwent changes and transformations after the city council elections in 1378 and the beginning of the activities of councilors in 1380.

The division of neighborhoods in recent decades has not only caused urban separation, but also the prestige and importance of urban neighborhoods as The smallest vital unit of the city has been disrupted and has weakened the solidarity of the residents of these neighborhoods.

Nowadays, neighborhood classification and criteria and indicators for the division of neighborhoods are different from what was going on in the past. As some of the current neighborhoods have been created by dividing and separating the previous neighborhoods, so that the line of dividing and separating neighborhoods has caused the social break of the traditional and old neighborhoods. These problems are more visible in big cities and megacities that have grown without control. The annexation of villages to the city, the transformation of old neighborhoods, immigration-friendly neighborhoods, and the increase in density in some neighborhoods have added to the problems.

Region 1 of Tehran, which includes old villages that have been transformed as well as new urban neighborhoods, due to the current conditions, as a result of the new demarcations, is facing problems such as social segregation, spatial separation within the neighborhood, confusion of uses and limitations, and service problems.

In this research, we try to By studying and examining the process of changes in neighborhood divisions in Tehran, especially the 1st district of Tehran Municipality and determining the factors affecting it and indexing, an optimal model for achieving urban sustainability should be presented.

3-1 research hypotheses:

Political-administrative decisions, new constructions and construction activities, especially the construction of new communication networks, have changed the old boundaries of districts in Region 1.

Using social-cultural indicators in the demarcation of District 1 neighborhoods in Tehran, especially with emphasis on social solidarity and spatial belonging, is more effective than physical and economic indicators.

4-1 research objectives:

Knowing the past and present status of neighborhood divisions

Providing indicators for determining the limits and boundaries of neighborhood divisions

Providing suggestions and the optimal model on how to demarcate neighborhood divisions in order to examine opportunities by considering the determined indicators

5-1 The new aspect of the research:

In connection with Explanation and analysis of demarcation indicators of urban neighborhoods in the 1st district of Tehran based on social and cultural indicators, little research has been done in the demarcation of urban neighborhoods. This study is innovative in providing an optimal model in the way of neighborhood demarcation. 6-1 Research methodology: A) Research method: The study was systematic: First, the existing situation, the development of neighborhoods was examined, and then by determining the elements that influence neighborhood demarcation, it was tried to select the required indicators and by comparing them and their impact on the neighborhood structure, the most important indicators were determined.

Therefore, according to the systematic approach in this thesis, in relation to the descriptive past and present situation, and in the analysis of the results, an analytical method has been used.

B) Work technique / information gathering tool: and documents

Comparative comparison of neighborhood boundaries with statistical methods, maps in GIS environment, questionnaires and scientific and expert interviews

Using Delphi method, one-group t-test, Friedman test and analysis of factors in a combined manner in determining the weights of indicators

Providing new and combined indicators according to the determined weights

Providing a suitable model

7-1 Statistical population and volume Example:

Neighborhoods of District 1 of Tehran city are initially examined in a preliminary way. Among the 26 urban neighborhoods of the 1st district of Tehran, 2 neighborhoods of Derkeh and Qaytiyeh, which have more changes, are selected.

8-1 Obstacles and limitations:

The lack or absence of GIS layers, AUTO CAD and neighborhood paper maps and demarcation of neighborhoods in different periods are among the obstacles of this research. The lack of large-scale maps at the neighborhood level and the lack of up-to-date municipal maps are other problems.