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The effect of climate on the tourism industry of Yazd city

Number of pages: 154 File Format: word File Code: 29733
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Not Specified Category: Geography - Urban Planning
Tags/Keywords: City development - climate - Development of the tourism industry - tourism - tourism - Tourism industry - Tourism industry - Tourism planning - urbanization
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  • Summary of The effect of climate on the tourism industry of Yazd city

    Chapter 1

    Research overview

    1-1- Introduction

    The increasing development of natural resources and environmental sciences in the world has led to the creation of new branches of related sciences and industries, each of which in turn has the ability to influence the natural structure. The knowledge of ecotourism or nature tourism is considered as one of the most attractive and at the same time the most beneficial sciences related to natural resources and the environment, which has been highly regarded as a tool to increase the national income of less industrialized countries (Amani, 2013). Nature as a part of this market has been accompanied by 10-30% growth (Papoli, 2015).

    The tourism activity that is well planned can have additional benefits for local communities and local economy while protecting and optimally managing nature. According to the definitions of the Nature Tourism Association [1], ecotourism (nature tourism) is a purposeful trip to nature to learn about the natural and cultural history of the environment, avoiding changes in ecosystems and environmental destruction, and creating economic activities that lead to the proper exploitation of environmental resources and job creation for the local residents of the region (Sarmi Naini, 2017). Iran is considered one of the 10 largest countries in terms of tourist attractions due to the variety of topographical, climatic and fauna conditions and with its ancient history and culture, but in terms of attracting tourists, it is ranked among the 120 countries in the world (Kirimi, 1379).

    Air and climate affect both the supply and demand of tourist services, so according to the characteristics of the weather and the demand for services Tourist, both resources and facilities and limiting factors should be considered equally. Weather is considered the most important factor in the development of the tourism industry, group travel is linked to weather conditions (Zulfiqari 1378).

    Today, one of the phenomena that has and will have a great impact on tourism and tourism planning is the phenomenon of climate change. Although extensive research has been done in relation to climate change, unfortunately, in long-term evaluations, the possible results of climate change effects have been emphasized more on biophysical and physical factors (vegetation, hydrology, etc.) and economic and social factors (urban planning, tourism, etc.) have been neglected. There are limited sources related to the topic of climate change and tourism, which are mostly related to winter tourism and skiing. On the other hand, by examining the sources about climate change and tourism, we find that most of the studies were done by natural scientists rather than by tourism experts. It is certain that in the future more value will be given to the economic and social effects of climate change, especially in fields such as social sciences, economics, and tourism. In the meantime, the field of environmental planning plays a very important role as an important mediator between the natural and human environment.

    Although research on the effects of climate change and tourism is in its early stages, it is generally thought that the threats of climate change will have serious consequences for tourism, and this can be evaluated as evidence of tourism's strong dependence on climate and weather. Climate change leads to subsequent changes in the natural environment, as many forms of tourism are based on the attractiveness of natural resources, these changes will also have countless effects on tourism, so that the change in climate leads to a change in the relative attractiveness of tourist areas. The framework of research plans, including national, regional, and local, is considered as one of the important tools and components of development and deprivation removal. Tourism, which is one of the most important regional development factors, is an activity that causes economic and social development at the regional level and fair distribution of income, as well as increasing the level of employment. The development of the tourism industry in Iran, while creating employment for various groups, the prosperity of handicrafts, the development of transportation related to tourism, and this is a significant source for earning foreign exchange and operating income.The development of the tourism industry in Iran, while creating employment for various groups, the boom of handicrafts, the development of transportation related to tourism, and this is a significant source of foreign exchange earnings and an important deterrent against the outflow of foreign currency from the country. Today, the income from tourism is one of the biggest sources of income for countries that are known as "invisible exports" in the world.

    Considering that Iran is considered among the 10 historical countries in the world, it can attract millions of tourists every year, but it is considered one of the 70 countries in the world in terms of the rate of acceptance of foreign tourists. Our country can achieve a huge income by expanding and developing the facilities and facilities and proper planning for tourism, that is why the government has focused its attention on the creation of facilities and preparation of tourist attractions for several years in order to provide the right models and also earn foreign currency and identify and promote the Islamic and national culture as well as introduce the natural and cultural attractions of our country. Therefore, for this purpose, one of the issues that should be considered is the topic of comfortable climate and its changes over time. Under the influence of global warming and as a result, a suitable plan for tourism is in line with this trend. 

    Human comfort conditions are a set of conditions that are suitable for at least 80% of people in terms of temperature regime, in other words, a person will neither feel cold nor hot in those conditions. Some researchers consider the term neutrality of the temperature regime to be a more accurate interpretation (Qabadian and Faiz Mahdavi, 2016). In such a situation, the human organism can maintain its thermal balance in the best possible form, without experiencing a lack or excess of energy. Four elements of temperature, humidity, wind, and radiation play a role in the formation of climatic comfort conditions for humans. Among these elements, temperature and humidity have a greater impact on human health and comfort, and for this reason, most of the models for measuring human comfort are based on these two elements (Alijani, 1372). In the short term, it affects the residents of the cities in the form of respiratory diseases, exacerbation of heart and lung diseases, and in the long term, it plays a role in intensifying climatic fluctuations and its environmental effects, including the change of favorable months in terms of comfortable climate. Climate change is a concept that cannot be easily defined, but it can be studied and analyzed from different perspectives, therefore, the perspective of this research is climate and its effect on human physiological comfort and convenience. Therefore, the concept of climate change here is the effect of changes in daily temperature, average minimum, maximum, as well as changes in minimum and maximum relative humidity over time, which have been investigated by comparing the differences observed during five ten-year statistical periods from 1957 to 2006.

    In this research, using the 50-year climate statistics of Yazd station in Chechachob models, GIOUNY, EVANS, MAHONY, the months with comfortable climate in the past period and Now it is determined, then according to the trend of global climate change and global warming, the changes that may occur in the climatic comfort conditions of this station will be identified and finally, according to this trend, a detailed planning proposal will be made to attract and develop the tourism industry in the city of Yazd. For this purpose, the most touristic months that have comfortable climatic conditions have been identified and suggestions will be made to increase the comfort and recreational facilities and services in the known months.

    Regarding the great impact of climate on human comfort, mankind has been searching for the optimal use of the climate of his place of residence, and for this purpose, many thinkers such as Geiger, 1965, Balafotis and Payadi Mitriou 1987, Deir 1989, Giuni 1989, McGarry Gore and Nivelt 1998, Thompson and Perry 1997 Hoshur 1365 and 1381 have paid attention to it.

    In this way, determining the condition of the weather elements of Yazd city and determining the best weather conditions, including the best temperature, the most suitable humidity conditions and precipitation and other variables for the planning and development of the tourism industry in this city. It is very important and necessary. . Therefore, one of the necessities of the research is to determine the potentials and limitations of the climate in Yazd city, and by determining and identifying these potentials and obstacles created by the climate, an optimal plan can be made for the development of the tourism industry in this city.

  • Contents & References of The effect of climate on the tourism industry of Yazd city

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The effect of climate on the tourism industry of Yazd city
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