Ecotourism and sustainable development of Delfan city

Foreword

The ever-increasing expansion of cities and the uncontrollable increase in their population has caused numerous environmental problems and has made human societies face various mental problems. Since in the current situation, the reduction of problems caused by industrialization, job creation, environmental protection, the interaction of cultures and finally sustainable development are among the concerns facing countries, therefore tourism, especially ecotourism, is an advantage for developing countries so that they can achieve national development through it. Accelerate.

Ecotourism or nature tourism is a kind of natural and sustainable tourism that is made possible with the participation of local operators and taking advantage of the natural potential of tourism. The knowledge of ecotourism is considered as one of the most attractive and at the same time the most beneficial sciences related to natural resources and the environment, which has not yet been seriously addressed in Iran. Ecotourism as a spatial pattern of tourism can leave many positive effects in nature. This tourism pattern, which aims to develop the tourism industry without harming the environment, is so important in the 21st century that the United Nations declared 2002 as the International Year of Ecotourism and the current century as the Century of Ecotourism. It has provided suitable conditions for the development of the ecotourism industry in the country, an important thing that its realization and expansion based on scientific standards and international standards can not only improve the quality of existing natural resources and prevent their destruction, but also have a great impact on the economic and social development of local communities that form an integral part of the natural resources of the country. The beauty of Iran, dear Iran, is not limited to historical monuments. Lorestan is a beautiful land with a pleasant climate and is located in the middle Zagros mountains, suitable climatic conditions, the presence of Sar springs, waterfalls, caves, vegetation and wildlife, local and native customs and deep-rooted culture of this region along with historical and ancient monuments indicate that this region has high potential for the development of tourism, especially ecotourism, but it is still possible to operate. No attention has been paid to the development of the tourism sector in this region, for this reason, the current research consists of five chapters, including the first chapter (overview), the second chapter (theoretical foundations and research methodology), the third chapter (environmental and geographical features of the region), the fourth chapter (introduction of ecotourism attractions and the facilities of the region) and the fifth chapter (review, comparison, analysis and presentation of suggestions) introduced and briefly analyzed the ecotourism attractions of Delfan city.

Abstract

The tourism industry has reached a level of growth that the tourism activity is considered as the fourth part of human activities after agriculture and the service industry, and experts predict that it will become the most profitable industry in the world. As it is called as an invisible export that is the economic center of those cities, nowadays tourism has gained a suitable place in scientific fields, especially geography. This is while from an economic point of view, ecotourism causes the dynamism of the economy of local communities by creating employment. It is obvious that without knowledge and understanding of potential and actual potentials and abilities in each region, it will not be possible to plan and forecast, therefore, in this research, we will identify the capabilities and solutions for the development of ecotourism in Delfan city. , the potentials of ecotourism and providing suggestions related to the removal of tourism development obstacles have been discussed.

The research method in this research is analytical-descriptive which has been analyzed in addition to field studies and documents and statistics by analyzing and drawing different maps.

As a result, the weakness of infrastructure facilities, tourism services, weakness of education, weakness of management, interference of the duties of organizations and weak advertising in development.

As a result, weak infrastructure facilities, tourism services, weak education, weak management, conflicting tasks of organizations and weak advertising have been effective in the underdevelopment of tourism in the city. We also came to the conclusion that the city of Delfan has high ecotourism capabilities, and if the necessary infrastructure is created, planning, management and advertising are sufficient and people participate, the city's tourism will develop and lead to regional development.

1-1- Introduction

Preparing the research plan is the most basic and difficult stage of the research. Because after this stage, which is also called the stage of research orientation, the researcher is only required to implement the principles and rules that he has prepared and regulated. After this stage, the researcher needs a lot of time to be able to complete his research (Nadari and Saif Naraghi, 1381:1). Explanation The research problem and its importance, research objectives, hypotheses and questions, research background, research method and its steps, statistical population, sampling method and plan, sample size and calculation method, necessity and importance of research and research limitations are the most important topics discussed in this chapter. It transforms political, economic, cultural, character and way of life of people (Mahlati, 1380: 13). Tourism, like a science and industry, needs research for its growth and development, and the first step to promote the tourism industry is to know the tourist attractions (Rahnamii, 1369: 5). The tourism industry is so important in the economic and social development of countries that economists have called it an invisible export (Rizvani). , 8:1374).

Various technological advances of this century led to the development of communication, transportation, increased speed and relative comfort of travel, which resulted in a great revolution in the tourism industry. After that, the establishment of tourism centers and services and related activities were developed, to the extent that in recent years, foreign tourism has been a significant source for providing foreign exchange needs and creating employment for many countries, and as one of the invisible export items, it plays an important role in the field of world trade. So that it is currently considered the third export industry in the world after the oil industry and automobile manufacturing. This industry is so important in the economic-social development of countries that economists have called it the invisible industry (Rizvani, 1374: 8). This industry includes nearly 10% of global incomes and provides employment for one tenth of global workers. Attention to the tourism industry is on the one hand due to its economic values ??and on the other hand due to its cultural and social effects (Alvani et al., 1373: 75). The development of ecotourism can bring countless economic benefits directly to the indigenous people of countries by creating job opportunities. Ecotourism is one of the foundations of the sustainable development of communities and a way to preserve natural landscapes and reserves, which requires more human resources than welfare and accommodation facilities, for this reason it does not need to attract heavy investments.

Without awareness and recognition of the potentials in each region, it will not be possible to plan. In fact, knowing the potentials of each region gives the researcher the possibility to identify the appropriate development and direction based on the current situation and potential of the region (Rizvani, 1380: 37).

Iran is one of the five countries benefiting from complete biological diversity, which has a wide range of valuable natural and cultural resources, unfortunately many of them are scattered and not recorded, while the feasibility of each of the ecotourism attractions that can be invested in the country It indicates that ecotourism in Iran is a unique and very talented economic resource, but unfortunately it is left to its own devices.

         Considering that the tourism industry has a special role and importance in the economic and social development of different regions, based on this, in this research, we introduce the ecotourism attractions of Delfan city, northwest of Lorestan province.