Pathology of the internal and external factors of the outsourcing system of urban services of Qom municipality using the SWOT model

Dissertation for Master Degree (M.A) in Business Management

Financial Orientation

Abstract:

The present study seeks to examine the pathology of the internal and external factors of the urban service outsourcing system using the SWOT model. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of research method. The statistical population of this research is the managers and senior experts of Qom municipality, whose number is 30 at the time of the research. A questionnaire was used to collect data related to theoretical foundations and to extract primary factors and indicators from the interview method, library and internet sources, and to collect the information and data needed to check the opinion of experts. In order to confirm the validity, content (face) validity was used (using the opinion of experts on the subject and in order to confirm the reliability (validity) Cronbach's alpha test was used, the amount of which is 0.892 for internal factors (strengths variable 0.854, weaknesses variable 0.900) and external factors (opportunities 0.922, threats 0.840) and for the whole questionnaire. Examining the indicators, the mean test and Friedman's test were used to rank the indicators. The findings of the research show that in the evaluation of external factors, the score of threats (386) is higher than the score of opportunities (195), and in the evaluation of internal factors, the score of strengths (327) is higher than the score of weaknesses (182). and also the results of the interviews are in line with the results of the questionnaire; therefore, it can be said that the urban service outsourcing system should take advantage of the internal and external factors of the environment by taking advantage of the internal strengths. weakness), external factors (opportunities and threats), outsourcing, urban services, Qom Municipality

Introduction:

The Supreme Leader said: Do not monopolize in research and innovation. Use whatever you can from outside the collection. Really use this capacity in the country.

Today, issues such as increasing competitive pressures, business difficulties, resource limitations, technological complexities, specialization of work, acceleration of environmental changes, uncertainty about the future of cost increases, excessive enlargement of some organizations (especially in the public sector) and also legal restrictions have caused organizations to reconsider their management models and to achieve competitive advantages. In today's business world, turn to new strategies. One of these strategies is to focus on core competences and leave many activities to resources outside the organization (outsourcing).

Outsourcing is a new way to solve the problems of organizations and leads to downsizing along with reducing costs, increasing productivity and service quality, creating effective employment in the private sector, transferring technology, attracting investors, and generating income. Outsourcing is a powerful tool that, if used correctly, can bring success to the organization; But if there is not enough care and reflection in the use of this powerful tool, not only none of the expected benefits will be achieved, but irreparable damages and losses will be inflicted on the (long-term) interests of the organization. The main factors and elements of the present research plan include; The statement of the problem and the explanation of the necessity of conducting the research began and ended with the methodology of the research and formulation of hypotheses and how to design and formulate tools for data collection and analysis and finally the key words of the research. Increase the negotiator, supporter, analyst, solver and helper. It is in this situation that the outsourcing of the organization's activities is presented as an executive necessity and an inevitable strategy for organizations.

Managers want companies and organizations that are lean, agile, flexible, responsive, competitive, innovative, efficient, customer-friendly and profitable. Small organizations are more flexible and their actions are alternative to capitalized methods and their management is organic and dynamic, and innovation, creativity, and initiative are encouraged in them. Reorganization has also started in small and medium-sized companies by observing this point. Now, in the business world, firstly, work is moved to environments where there are people, and secondly, the work in which progress is limited and does not provide the opportunity for the employee to reach specialized systems and senior management, is separated from companies and organizations and provided through external departments. All the tasks that are not capable of being done or have never been effective and unsolvable, as well as giving up on things that have reached the end of their fruitfulness and can no longer be useful, emphasizing on things that work and focusing activities on things that improve and strengthen the organization's ability to perform its tasks and make it possible to analyze the causes of incomplete successes and failures and failures.

In management. Modern and dynamic economy are looking for action to compensate for the weaknesses. Among these measures is making companies, organizations and institutions more efficient and moving towards handing over activities to the private sector in order to increase productivity. Studies have shown that today organizations consider outsourcing as an operational necessity and plan many services for outsourcing. Considering the third development plan and especially the fourth plan and the government's determination to reduce employment, it is necessary for government and semi-government organizations and companies to deal with the issue of outsourcing within the framework of regulations. Outsourcing as a strategy or at a lower level an inevitable policy is necessary to improve the efficiency of activities.

Outsourcing as one of the tools for developing organizations and improving productivity in the form of downsizing has been noticed by managers and officials of organizations in recent years and has been implemented in different ways. In line with the emphasis of the fourth plan on improving productivity, reducing costs and downsizing, companies and institutions have outsourced some of their activities to the private sector in different formats. Now, after several years of these outsourcings, it is necessary to examine the dimensions of the outsourcings carried out in organizations and in various activities to determine whether the outsourcings were done in order to make the activities of the organization more efficient for the speed, accuracy and satisfaction of all stakeholders. To what extent have these outsourcings been able to meet the goals of outsourcing such as cost reduction, efficiency, downsizing and customer orientation?

In some outsourcings, organizations have faced various problems in terms of financial, legal, executive and communication with stakeholders. Until now, the topic of outsourcing has often been presented and evaluated in a general way, and no specific model has been provided to determine the activities for outsourcing as well as the outsourcing of services. Therefore, according to the occurrence of these problems, in the form of a research and study plan, in addition to determining the activities that can be outsourced, it is necessary to analyze the performed outsourcing and the outsourcing process, as well as the operation process of private sector companies, so that in the end, while finding complications, the existing problems can be solved by providing a model or models, and all stakeholders can benefit from its benefits. Another point related to this research is that if problem solving leads to the resolution of existing problems, many problems of the organization will be solved and costs will be reduced in many dimensions, and the cost of activities will be reduced, the smoothness of their activities and productivity will be increased, and finally, it will provide satisfaction to all stakeholders; Therefore, this study can identify activities that can be outsourced in a scientific framework and pay attention to the necessary planning to achieve the goals of organizations from these assignments.

According to what has been said, it is possible to carefully and review the outsourced activities, contracting parties, forms of outsourcing, new activities that can be delegated, and finally finding the complications of outsourced activities. In order to achieve the governing goals of outsourcing and the main results obtained from it, he stated the importance and necessity of this study.