Dissertation for Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering (M.Sc)
Trend: Industries
Summer 1392
Abstract
Today, the most important concern of most companies in the implementation of projects is to formulate and implement strategies that ensure their success and durability in changing environmental conditions. do it. In this research, Marsden and Skidmore criteria are considered as criteria for choosing strategies in the project.
This research has provided a comprehensive framework for choosing the best strategy in a project. At first, an expert group including project managers and engineers find and extract strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in order to carry out projects using SWOT analysis. In the next step, a survey is conducted about the criteria and also the degree of persuasion of the criteria by the extracted strategies using linguistic scales. These strategies are separated by BSC into four perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes and growth and learning. Strategies at home, the quality of the role of "what things/options" and criteria for screening the role of « How are the criteria? perform In the last stage, the best strategy is selected using the fuzzy screening method. Key words: SWOT analysis, fuzzy screening, BSC Chapter 1 Title: General
1-1 Introduction
Strategic project management means coordinating a set of actions and processes to achieve certain project goals, which is divided into two types of executive management and project management. According to the nature of its hierarchy, management is divided into two parts: strategic, partial and operational. Therefore, strategic management focuses more on the larger, long-term, and more fundamental aspects of management goals and tasks, i.e. planning, organization, control, and finally coordination, for which there are models and tools to smooth the movement in this direction. In fact, strategic project management is a process during which the justification or lack of justification of the project is determined in the context of time, and based on the characteristics of the project and its environmental conditions, the policies and directions of the macro and integrated project, the path to achieve the goals of the project is drawn, and multidimensional decisions are made.
In this chapter, it is tried It is to present the statement of the basic problem, the importance and necessity of conducting research, the aspect of novelty, the desired research questions and its goals. It does. But in general, long-term decisions are not made in project environments. In many plans and projects, due to the lack of accurate studies and evaluations and the lack of correct predictions, the projects have been abandoned half-finished. Abandoning long-term plans and projects half-finished, or not achieving the expected returns in relation to projects that have been put into operation, can indicate wrong decisions by managers and inappropriate strategies. The most important concern of most organizations in projects is the formulation and implementation of strategies that guarantee their success and durability in changing environmental conditions. All organizations are constantly changing and transforming. An organization in which projects are managed strategically is an organization that both determines the situation it wants to reach and manages changes in the project through an operational plan to achieve the future. The study of strategic decisions that determine the basic policies for the movement and evolution of the project is very important.These decisions can determine the success or failure of the project from the very beginning. 1-3 Importance and Necessity of Research The rapid pace of changes in the current world means that conventional management methods cannot be suitable for changes. In a situation where we were faced with minor changes, we could benefit from the factor of experience and immediate decision-making. But now the consequences of business decisions are very important.
The existence of numerous opportunities and threats with different risks that target the strengths or weaknesses of the projects show the importance of decisions whose effects and consequences will be determined in several years. The economic, social, political environment and their changes also affect the project. Therefore, it can be said that the decisions have a strategic aspect and their results are considered very major and irreversible. As a result, it is not possible to use decisions based on intuitive judgment and experience based on traditional management philosophy in obtaining the best strategy in a project. Therefore, it is important to provide solutions that can help projects in organizations in making long-term decisions.
1-4 aspects of novelty and innovation in research
The new research process that is used in obtaining the best strategy in the project is the combination of SWOT matrix, BSC balanced scoring card and fuzzy screening in The non-deterministic environment that provides an important basic method to know the superior strategy in the project, which is necessary in the design of future trends in strategic thinking. Using criteria to screen the optimal strategy in the project, such as certainty, speed, etc. - Choosing the best strategy from the SWOT matrix in a project based on the consensus of experts' opinion 1-6 research questions - How to present a strategic model in project environments in uncertainty?
- How to determine and choose a more efficient strategy in a project?
- How to choose the best and most efficient strategy in a project from the opinion of experts?
- How can the fuzzy screening method be used to choose the best strategy?
- If you have minimal information about a strategy in the project, how can you choose the best one?
1-7 definitions of technical and specialized terms and terms
SWOT
This matrix is ??used to formulate the organization's primary strategy, which is based on the analysis of the organization's projects and its surrounding environment. It is its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Using this matrix, four types of strategies can be presented: SO strategies WO strategies ST strategies WT strategies Each of the strategies mentioned above refers to the specific situation of the company and its surrounding environment and the effects that environment has on The organization has, in this research, this matrix has been adjusted in line with the organization's projects. In the first step, the main internal and external factors should be compared. This part is the most difficult part of preparing the matrix and requires high judgment. The appropriateness of the strategies obtained from this method and whether they are correct or incorrect depends on the accuracy of the information that has been collected so far, and the strength and weakness of these strategies depends a lot on the accuracy that has been spent in analyzing the evaluation of the internal and external factors of the organization. Balanced scoring card: The organization is evaluated from four aspects: financial, customer, and internal processes. And growth and learning can be measured. The Balanced Scorecard has created a common language that managers can use to discuss the direction and priorities of their organization.