Designing a children's house with a playful and creative approach

Dissertation for Master of Architectural Engineering

Trend: Architecture

Tir 93

Abstract

The child has a very special place in today's world to the extent that the future of nations and their global position can be predicted based on the characteristics of their children. In advanced countries, educational methods are determined for the flourishing of children's innate talents. Children need to know their mental and physical abilities and needs, and their inner potentials in order to grow. For this purpose, they need a space in which they can freely run, play, and search and experiment according to their nature. But in today's cities, there are few safe and suitable spaces for children's activities. Due to the lack of safety and security of the urban environment, today's child is locked in his small room in a lot of apartments, and there is no more excitement and excitement to get to know and gain experience in the environment outside the home. While he wants a space that can fill the void of the presence of nature in his life, a place that creates a suitable environment for nurturing and developing his talents. "Nurseries" are spaces for children, in the past they were only for keeping children, but these spaces have new tasks in today's world. For many years, kindergartens were colorless, monotonous and purely functional buildings, and it should be noted that only using happy colors in houses converted to kindergartens cannot be a suitable space for children. Rather, in designing an architectural space, that space should be appropriate to the age, taste, and physical and mental conditions of its users. In this research, an effort has been made to create a space exclusively for children called "Children's House" with an emphasis on using environmental and educational capabilities that are effective on children's mind and behavior and an approach to promote and flourish creativity and a sense of playfulness in them with architectural measures. The design of the children's house is intended for the age group of 3 to 10 years and tries to combine architecture and nature to create flexible and diverse spaces. The spaces designed in the children's home are based on the studies and needs of children and factors affecting the development of creativity in children. After determining the goals of this research and design, the methods used include reviewing sources and studying library sources, observing, interviewing and examining existing examples related to the topic and using the findings in architectural design. Key words: child, play, creativity, architecture.

This chapter includes the introduction, statement of the problem, importance of the subject, research questions, research objectives and design, research tools and methods.

1-1 Introduction

Today's world is called the age of communication and information due to the spread of scientific and technological events and their deep influence in all levels of life. In such a way that the expansion of this matter can be seen in a considerable amount in social, economic and cultural fields. Education, as one of the most basic concepts in the formation and development of the structure of a society, has been greatly affected by this expansion.

The flourishing of creativity and innovation is one of the most important topics in today's world, and the progress and development of countries can be considered dependent on this factor. In today's world, competition, creativity and innovation can be a factor in winning, so we should try to take steps to nurture and flourish the mental morals of children and teenagers in our country and pay attention to the factors that are effective in this direction and promote the basics of education and creativity at the community level. Since strengthening creativity in childhood is effective throughout a person's life, it should be considered very important. Male Guard believes that the imagination that is formed in early childhood is the basis of creativity in adulthood. The correct education and training of a child means providing the necessary preparations to actualize his abilities and should help his emotional, physical and intellectual growth so that he can deal with the problems and conflicts of life easily and find a solution for them. Various educational philosophies such as empiricism, naturalism, behaviorism, etc. are the result of these researches.New perspectives such as creative education, game-based learning and process learning are based on the child's creativity and initiative, which is formed under the influence of the physical and social environment. After designing these learning methods, it seems necessary to create spaces to host them. The discussion of child-friendly public spaces and before that the movement of building open spaces on the one hand, the development of open schools, multi-core schools, community schools on the other hand, and the creation of museums, cultural centers and special parks for children are all responses to this necessity.

Research shows that children's abilities and creativity are established during childhood, and the best development time for creativity and imagination occurs between the ages of 2 and 10, and children are more influenced by the environment during these years and about They are naturally curious about their environment (Ezmati, 2007).

1-2 Statement of the problem

Man started to establish civilization from the beginning of evolution, and during this process of evolution, he designed and built a tool for it according to every need. One of these needs is the building, which in the process of human evolution and creation of knowledge in this field, the architect provides its design according to the needs of the users in his design. In architectural design, the tastes, interests, function and use of the building are considered according to the environmental conditions. In the distant years, the home provided a social and emotional platform for the growth and excellence of the child and covered a long period of childhood. But today, our homes cannot be the permanent mothers of children because they do not have the necessary ability to meet the needs of a child.

One of these essential buildings in the present age is a kindergarten or kindergarten [1], which is composed of two words, nursery, which means cradle and bed, and the word child, which is an age group of human age groups. Although in the past, kindergartens were only for the care of children, today these architectural places have become purposeful and become a school for education, upbringing and care of young children in a period of the day, which play a significant role in the education of children and are planned for their transition from home to school. Usually, a child is ready to enter kindergarten from the age of three. There, he got acquainted with a new environment that teaches him more skills and knowledge to prepare for entering school and expanding social relations with others. Social life in a kindergarten is one of the most important periods in the life of minors. During this period, children can feel the meaning of group life. The space where children meet each other and their experiences of social and group activities are formed and the sense of competition and friendship is established in them and the first steps of independence are institutionalized in their existence. In the most sensitive and important years of their lives, i.e. when the foundations of their personality, physical, mental, emotional, physical and social development are formed until the time they enter the city, they need to experience social life on their own scale, and meeting such a need requires providing a childlike and intimate space.

Reviews show that important factors that are effective in determining the quality of child care facilities come back to its various aspects, which is one of these factors and perhaps the most important Their architecture and activity spaces are suitable for children. Play, group participation and social interactions of children are possible not only in the form of educational programs, but also by designing components and architectural elements in physical and functional systems that suit children's characteristics and needs. The basis of architectural design and spatial planning in accordance with children's conditions definitely depends on the level of recognition of children's physical and mental characteristics in different stages of their development and should have suitable and favorable conditions for the development of the child's senses in understanding environmental factors and in line with the identification of phenomena that can be understood by his human senses. Now we know that the sensory stimuli that a child receives from his environment are vital for his development, psychologists have realized the impact of architectural space on children's behavior, and it is the responsibility of architects who are familiar with children's behavioral sciences to combine these views with the child's spatial needs in the design process. This attention should be focused on children's life and their small world, especially their close relationship with nature and green space.