Designing a nursing home in Ilam city with a satisfactory approach

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Architectural Engineering (M.A)

Fall 2012

Abstract

Nowadays, the elderly constitute a large segment of the population of any society, due to the control of population growth and the increase of health-therapeutic services, the number of elderly is increasing, so that the growth rate of the elderly has exceeded the growth rate of the population. Demographers have estimated that by 2050, the elderly population will reach two billion people and there will be one elderly person for every 5 people. With the cultural, social, and economic developments of the society, the care of the elderly at home has faced a challenge, and referrals to nursing homes are increasing every year. This is despite the fact that most of the nursing homes in Iran, especially the nursing home for the elderly in Ilam, do not have suitable facilities and space for living. The aging period is associated with various physical and mental diseases (dementia, depression, etc.), which necessitates the need to design a suitable space. In order to meet the needs and satisfaction of the elderly in this research, their opinions were obtained in the form of a questionnaire. The statistical population is the elderly of Ilam city, the statistical sample is 120 people, of which 30 were residents and the rest were non-residents. 60% of the elderly sample are women, 93% are illiterate and 2.9% have a diploma or higher, the minimum age is 51 years for women and 48 years for men, and the maximum age is 74 and 75 years respectively, 73.3% of the elderly like 3-person suites, 77% like diverse spaces, 62% like prosperous spaces. The average satisfaction of the elderly with connection with nature is 4.37 (the mean is 3) and having an extra space in the residence is 3.85. Key words: nursing home, satisfaction, elderly, design. Chapter 1: Research overview. 1-Introduction. Which of these stages has characteristics that make the growth stages different from each other? Humans in childhood and old age usually need more care and attention and are dependent on others, which may not be the case in other stages of development (Anuri 1382, 2:1247).

One of the major changes of the current century in the cultural, economic, and political aspects of different societies is the change in the structure of the family as the most important and main pillar of human societies. Families have changed from an extended kinship system to a nuclear family, and one of the most important functions of the family, which is caring for the elderly in the family, has undergone a transformation. Due to the shrinking of the family, the increase in the number of divorces and the increase in the number of working women, the family has left this task to special institutions and institutions in some cases. Although it is ideal for the elderly to live in a warm family environment, on the other hand, the studies conducted on the reasons for the elderly to be sent to nursing homes in Iran show that factors such as the level of literacy, divorce, celibacy, vulnerability of the family - in the face of the economic, social and cultural crisis. Lack of real estate housing and the need to use special equipment are effective (Mirfalah Nasiri 2016, 6). The important point is the need to pay attention and study how physical, mental and emotional transformations are related to each other and the consequences of their escalating effects on each other in the elderly.

The number of alert and active elderly people in the country is increasing. In fact, a larger part of the goals of efforts and social planning is to increase the level of well-being and personal and social health of the citizens, which itself leads to an increase in the average life of people and an increase in the number of elderly people, so that the number of elderly people It has become more than children. The design, attention, planning and adaptation of the environment should search for its role and responsibility in deeper and wider areas than it has been so far (Anari 1388, 14). It is estimated that by 2050, the population of people over 60 years old will reach two billion people, which means that there is one elderly person for every 5 people.

1-2-Statement of the problem

A large part of the population of any society is made up of the elderly, and with the passage of time, their share in the composition of the population increases, so that demographers estimate that by 2050, the population of people over 60 years old will reach two billion people, which means one for every 5 people. There are elderly people, on the one hand, this increase in the aging process and the industrialization of societies and the forgetting of the elderly and the lack of attention to their wishes and needs, which has caused them to become disillusioned and isolated, on the other hand, has caused the housing of the elderly to become an acute issue (Mirfalah Nasiri 1386, 11). As a result of the occurrence of physical or mental complications and diseases, someone may not have the opportunity to take care of the elderly at home. Also, due to family problems, lack of financial resources, the inability to hire a private nurse, etc., the possibility of taking care of the elderly at home is becoming more and more difficult day by day. Necessity requires the elderly to stay in appropriate centers established for the purpose of maintaining and caring for the elderly and to continue their lives. Therefore, in general, the well-being and comfort of the elderly and those around them in the conditions governing the lives of people in recent decades have created nursing homes.

In Iran, regardless of the mental conditions of the elderly, they are kept in boring spaces and without applying the opinion of the elderly. Not having enough experience in the field of designing spaces for the elderly by applying the opinion of the elderly and the household has caused the old people's home to become a terrible and discredited word and meaning that does not have a proper meaning from a social point of view. Therefore, in order to satisfy and preserve the dignity of the elderly, both in the moral sense and in the design of the architectural space, it is necessary to create a house in the literal sense, not only in the sense of canopy, shelter and refuge. which provides the possibility of establishing favorable social relations and welfare-recreational conditions in order to remain active, cheerful and satisfied for this group. Finding a suitable answer for how to change old people's homes from the current rejected form to a warm and satisfying environment is still unknown and unanswered (Siam, 1381: 42). Providing a suitable answer to these categories is the main purpose of this research.

Due to the traditional context in Ilam province, new living patterns such as old people's homes have emerged later. . In recent years, this case has started working in Ilam city as the capital of the province, and a number of elderly people are kept in places without proper use and facilities, which has become a fundamental issue to pay serious attention to the design of suitable spatial units in which the satisfaction of the elderly is taken into account and the necessary standards are observed. They can be seen in Iran. In the review of nursing homes, the elderly residing in nursing homes are usually asked and answered and only their opinions are included, while the opinions of non-resident elderly and households are not taken into account, the elderly are usually asked about the current situation and no reference is made to the ideal conditions for them. During this period, old age is accompanied by many physical changes that limit physical abilities and capabilities. For this reason, the environment for the life of the elderly should be designed in such a way that he can easily live in it with all his possible diseases, limitations and disabilities (Mansour 1381, 184).

In the culture of There are elders in the house of the sign. Blessing is at home. But taking care of the elderly at home is not an easy task and requires sufficient attention and care. Today, the nursing home is considered as an inevitable place to accommodate a number of elderly people who do not have a place to live or have a situation where the family is forced to entrust them to these places.

These centers have been formed in the last few decades and the reasons for their existence are definitely not the cruelty of today's people and the unknown rights of the youth. Leaving a disabled and needy elderly person alone in a small house, with modern appliances that he cannot use, cannot be humane. On the other hand, reality‌ It is that now, especially in big cities, the model of housing is no longer those big and spacious houses where a whole family with bride, groom and grandchildren lived. Today, the average size of an apartment is 75 meters or a maximum of 90 meters (Kirimi 1375, 89).