Designing the Tajen river tourist resort complex with a sustainable ecotourism approach

Dissertation to receive a degree

Master

Architecture field, architectural orientation

December 2013

Abstract

Private natural environments or protected areas are suitable places for ecotourism, and the development of tourism in these places is like a double-edged sword. Because on the one hand, development may lead to the loss of protected areas, and on the other hand, having a general understanding of the capabilities of the region to cope with tourism from an environmental, social and economic point of view, and awareness of the expectations of the local people and the expectations of tourists from the requirements of planning to have sustainable ecotourism, and considering the deep connection of architecture as a mediating element with culture, art, and the natural environment, as well as the importance of the existence of tourist entertainment complexes in the amount of tourist attraction at different levels of the region, city, country and so on. The need to pay attention to the architecture and design of such collections is felt in line with the development of sustainable tourism. The main goal of this research is to investigate and provide solutions that can be effective in reducing aggression in natural environments and environmental effects. The results show that the application of different architectural methods, especially the use of new principles of sustainable architecture and how to design such complexes is directly effective in reducing encroachments on pristine natural environments and ecotourism areas, and the presentation of designs compatible with nature can functionally encourage correct behavioral patterns in dealing with nature and the limited natural resources needed by future generations.

Key words:

Sustainable tourism (ecotourism), architecture, recreational complex Tourism, environment

Introduction

Statement of the problem and research approach

The increasing growth and development of urbanization has a direct relationship with the physical expansion of cities. The physical development of cities away from nature and the disconnection of man with the natural environment has caused a significant change in the lifestyle, type of recreation and social needs of people in recent years. Therefore, identifying environmental and natural places near urban areas with the aim of creating recreational spaces that can be enjoyed by all people of any age And it is necessary for a class to use parks and recreational spaces.

Since the mid-1980s, nature tourism has been the main pillar of developed and developing countries. The adoption of this decision by the United Nations indicates the importance that this organization attaches to the development of tourism as a social and economic force and the necessity of protecting the natural environment globally. Iran, which can be called the country of four seasons, is among the top ten countries in the world in terms of tourist attractions. Also, Iran is one of the top five countries in the world in terms of ecotourism attractions and climate diversity. In regional development, the creation of tourism hubs in areas that have sufficient attraction and resources is of great help to development. Valuing tourism-prone areas that are economically stagnant by creating new jobs and additional and secondary sources of income makes it possible to reduce rural migration. By transferring the purchasing power of urban and industrial areas to less developed areas, tourism creates a balance between these areas and changes the face of local and regional business according to its credibility. Mazandaran province is considered one of the country's tourism hubs, the edge of the Tajen river, with its many natural attractions and sufficient resources, has suitable facilities for this aspect of development, but unfortunately, due to various problems such as lack of familiarity with the tourism industry, accommodation problems, problems related to commuting and lack of funds for the development and equipping of facilities, the number of decision-making centers in the province and lack of attention to advertising and as a result of the lack of recognition of tourism and tourist centers, these natural attractions have not been able to develop as they should. Ecotourism and as a result regional development will be effective. Identifying and introducing these natural attractions and tourism in the area will be a step towards the development of ecotourism and ultimately achieving sustainable development.

The present research is trying  It is possible to examine the potentials and potentials of ecotourism on the banks of the Tajen River from different environmental aspects - ecology, social, economic, and cultural, and analyze the influencing factors, and in fact present strategies to promote and improve ecotourism in the area.

The importance and necessity of the topic

  be noticed In fact, this type of tourism has been recognized as suitable for the economic development of each country, the native people of the region, and the preservation of the natural, environmental and cultural values ??of the tourist areas. Therefore, the development of this sector is considered one of the main goals of the tourism industry. The development of tourism activities can provide many jobs in the labor market and generate a chain of activities with direct and indirect employment. Employment in hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, transport companies, sports facilities such as sailing and so on. Directly and strengthening the market of handicrafts and local productions and in general the employment of all those who lead to forms of tourism shows the power of job creation, while it creates important social and psychological effects in the region along with the improvement of employment and income.

Given that the exploitation of tourist potentials in any region can lead to a dynamic and active basis for its development, the shore of the Tajen River has the potential and attraction. Very rich ecotourism activities, especially clean weather and natural conditions, play an important role in the economic, social and cultural development of the region. Objectives   - Identifying the potentials on the banks of the Tejn River and optimally exploiting them. Tourism on the edge of Tajen river in Sari city - Presenting a new plan suitable for the environment. Background of the topic. In recent years, the tourism industry and its related economic reflections have occurred in the wider conditions of the globalization of the economic world. The necessity of increasing the country's general income and reducing the dependence of the country's economy on the income from the sale of oil requires that the use of the country's biological capacities, the preservation of natural resources and the tourism industry should be given more attention. The consumption value of biodiversity directly through tourism has created an important incentive to protect biodiversity, especially in developing countries. Since the eradication of poverty and hunger and the promotion of economic opportunities and employment are on the agenda of the principles of sustainable development and the Millennium Development Goals, one of the important roles of the ecological resources of the regions is the tourist use and nature tourism function of these regions; These resources, which exist in different forms (beach, forest, animals, etc.), in addition to creating material employment, will respond to the spiritual and spiritual needs of tourists in the field of ecotourism (Rezaei and Rafiei, 2017). Ecotourism is a management approach that, according to the value, economic, social and environmental goals, with the cooperation and cooperation of the officials and the people of the society through the establishment of appropriate laws and regulations and their effective actions, directly and indirectly leads to the preservation of nature (Zahedi, 2013). The main thing in this type of tourism is to take advantage of the natural attractions of an area, including physical features and local culture, and the tourist leaves the place after seeing the attractions without disturbing or destroying them. In this way, while taking advantage of the culture, historical records and natural examples of the region, preserving and respecting the ecosystem, economic opportunities and income generation are also created for the local people, and the field of more serious preservation and support of the attractions is provided with new financial resources. In fact, ecotourism is the antithesis of tourism that thinks about short-term benefits (Ecotourism Organization, 2010) Iran is one of the five countries that benefit from complete biodiversity (having four seasons and the main plant and animal species), and in addition to this, the existence of the world's largest lake in the north of the country, the 1200 km coastline of the Persian Gulf, the existence of 50 lakes inside the country, among which 18 lakes are among the lakes of the International Ramsar Convention. and Lake Urmia is known as one of the 59 biological reserves of the planet.