Designing a safety and rescue training center with a sustainable architecture approach

Dissertation for Master (M.A)

Architecture – Architectural engineering trend

Spring 2014

Urban safety field, fire training centers are one of the most effective places that provide safety services in three sectors of training, prevention and response (extinguishing, relief, support and medical emergencies). Therefore, the design and construction of safety and rescue centers means the training of manpower, the use of machines and the optimization of their operation, which means the optimal operation and the increase of the efficiency of the aid and rescue stations. The variety of accidents in our country is very wide, such that among the 41 types of natural and unnatural accidents known in the world, 31 of them have occurred in Iran. This issue confirms the existence of potential dangers in the geographical area of ??the country, which necessitates the construction of a safety and rescue training center for the country's rescue and rescue personnel and building engineers for review and analysis.

In recent years, after the energy crisis and the creation of new points of view in architecture and the change in the approach of architects to the environment and energy, sustainable architecture has a different view of architecture and resources. Therefore, the design of the sustainable architecture productivity training center played an important role in realizing the principles of sustainable development, such as reducing the consumption of non-renewable resources and reducing air pollution, and recognizing sustainable methods in using resources and reducing the costs of building construction and maintenance. The purpose of this project  Recognizing and examining the amount of indicators of thermal comfort and planning, sustainable development, climate design, architecture and the use of renewable resources in the design of an education center with climate data. Key words: safety, sustainable development, non-renewable resources and climate elements. Chapter First: general plan

  With the industrial revolution and the emergence of factories and industrial production methods instead of traditional methods, many problems were faced by modern man. Also, the formation of the modern approach to life and the turning of man's perspective to the use of technology, which has caused an increase in greenhouse gases trapped in the earth's atmosphere, has endangered life on the surface of this earth, and on the other hand, the issue of safety and security has played a significant role in the life of modern man, and the tools and equipment he needs have become tied to safety. Although the creation of safety is accompanied by the presence of rescue groups and the establishment of rules, these rescue workers and engineers cannot keep up with the updated technology without trial and error and equipment testing, and they need a place to train, practice and test safety equipment. On the other hand, after the energy crisis in 1973, which occurred as a result of the oil embargo, the world paid attention to the use of non-fossil renewable energies such as water and wind, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass, etc. and the design of climate buildings increased, and paying attention to creating a more complete understanding of renewable energies and static cooling and heating methods, without dependence on fossil energies, are effective in creating physical comfort of people, became one of the goals of sustainable societies.

The formation of new attitudes to architecture, environment and safety with the aim of improving the quality of life, with the help of sustainable and green solutions and reducing dependence on fossil energies and minimizing energy consumption, understanding the safety and standards of cooling methods required And static heating, which has been used throughout history to create human comfort conditions, has been considered more accurately and comprehensively. Recognizing the climatic features and trying to achieve a safety and rescue training center for rescuers for special and specialized training and engineers to test comfort equipment with a sustainable architecture approach, with a lasting look at resources, trying to reduce human dependence on fossil energies and issues related to renewable energies such as wind, water, sun, etc. It is also to know the static cooling and heating systems for any climate..

1-1 statement of the problem

The design of a fire training center (aid and rescue) for fire officers, volunteer firefighters, Red Crescent groups and companies and factories with a sustainable architecture approach (design of buildings with environmental protection and nature-friendly) makes possible the presence of other countries.

 This center has an independent entrance for people with The element of the training center for the clients is specialized and advanced, two operational training fields with a safe place for people to enter the site with full operational equipment (Full PPE) [1] and simulated residential, office and commercial buildings. The design of dormitories for learners, rest areas, dining halls, and office buildings so that professors can have full control over the operation environment. and a fire station that has the task of providing aid in special situations.

The design principle of the training center to return to the life cycle (Life Cycle Design) is the second principle of sustainable architecture and is based on the idea or theory that the material changes from one usable form to another, without harming its usefulness. On the other hand, through this principle, one of the duties of the designer is to prevent environmental pollution. This is important in buildings) this theory examines the building in three stages to achieve this purpose. These stages are respectively:

Pre-construction stage, construction stage and post-construction stage.

Destruction of the environment through increased energy consumption in the world, destruction of forests and pastures and extinction of animal species is happening while the current discussion of many international and national assemblies and agencies around the world has been carried out with the aim of economic exploitation and industrial development has been formed in such a way that both humans and nature are victims in a way. The accelerated movement of industrial growth. From the beginning of the second half of the 20th century, the emergence and spread of environmental ideas, especially after the energy crisis in 1973, the issue of sustainable and harmless energy was seriously placed on the agenda of most countries of the world, especially industrialized countries. On the other hand, the neglect and lack of internal progress in research and use of sustainable energy, mainly due to the abundance of fossil energy resources inside the country, its very low webs, which are much lower than the real price and its natural balance, which causes the national capital of future generations to be wasted and the environment is at risk. Although the low price of fossil energies makes their use more profitable than non-harmful energies, this does not in any way mean that the use of non-harmful energies is uneconomical in the long run, especially from a macroeconomic point of view.

Energy consumption in buildings, especially residential buildings, does not end only with heating and cooling. Rather, it includes all stages of design, construction and operation of the building.

1-2 research objectives

1. Acquaintance and training of personnel of fire operations, Red Crescent and relief groups with types of buildings and how to access these places

2. Making sustainable development concrete in the design of buildings, especially classrooms and educational and recreational environments

3. Finally, the engineers in the design of buildings are familiar with different uses and how fire spreads in simulated buildings, and the appropriate use of materials and materials, especially renewable and sustainable energy in building design, and the introduction of the principles of sustainable architecture, and the examination of new solutions and topics of sustainable architecture, as well as smart architecture for building designers and construction industry operators

The solution to sustainable development is to pay attention to policy makers in a way of development planning that is optimal in terms of the use of natural resources, human resources, financial resources, and other resources. to ensure the continuity of development. So that the rights of future people are also protected. Architecture can contribute to the sustainability of the environment and society. have a share, because all the daily actions of a person work, play, rest, etc. It is formed in spaces that  It is designed by architects, of course, the heating and cooling of these spaces depends on energy, and in this regard, architects have an important task.