Investigating the relationship between improving human resources and social capital in the Qom Education Organization

Dissertation to receive the M.A.

Financial Management Public Administration

Summer  2013

Abstract

Today, almost all those who are in favor of development and reform in any way start from education. Certainly, in its organizational performance, like other organizations, education should make the best use of organization and human capital in order to provide appropriate services at the community level. Despite such an important issue, the main goal of this research is to investigate the relationship between improving human resources and social capital in Qom's education and training organization, where three structural, relational, and cognitive elements of social capital were investigated. Its statistical population consists of all personnel and non-teaching employees in the Qom Education Organization in the spring of 2013, and 162 people were selected as a sample using Morgan's table. In the collection of research data, both library and field methods (researcher-made questionnaire tool) were used, and the research data were analyzed using SPSS software. The findings show that, in general, there is a significant relationship between improving human resources and all three dimensions of social capital. In the end, the suggestions from the findings of the research to improve the performance of the Qom Education Organization along with  Limitations of the research and suggestions for future researchers were presented.

Key words: improvement of human resources, social capital, structural element, relational element, cognitive element, education.

Chapter 1

Generalities of the research

1-1) Introduction to the research

Today, almost all those who are in favor of development and reform in any way start from education. The fact is that in today's world what is most important is human power, as economists believe that what ultimately determines the characteristics of a country's economic and social development is its human resources, not capital or other material resources. These are the human resources that concentrate capitals, exploit natural resources, create social, economic and political organizations and promote national development. A country that cannot develop the skills and knowledge of its people and use it effectively in the national economy is not able to develop anything else. In using organizational forces, social capital is another tool that can be used in organizations such as education and training in addition to improving human resources. In the current chapter, the generalities of the research and issues such as the statement of the problem, the necessity of the research, hypotheses, the scope of the research and the definitions of key words and terms are discussed.

1-2) Statement of the research problem

In the past, the main reason for the backwardness of developing countries was mainly the lack of financial and physical capital. Today, it is clear that the injection of large amounts of physical and financial capital does not necessarily accelerate the growth and development of these countries. Rather, countries that have efficient organizations and organizational institutions and at the same time have efficient and expert human capital can absorb their physical and financial capital in a more appropriate way and use it to accelerate the growth and development process. Also, in the past, it was thought that the time of learning is separate from the time of working and living, and therefore, for them, education that was given to people before starting work was worthy of attention. Based on this assumption, a person learns for a while and then starts productive and useful life and work, and when work and life begin, there is no more place for education. This idea is not valid now and education has become associated with human life. All people should study for all time and refresh themselves with new human knowledge and pursue a useful life with more strength and awareness. Achieving the organization's goals depends on the employees' ability to perform assigned tasks and adapt to the changing environment.The implementation of training and improvement of human resources makes people able to effectively continue their activities and increase their efficiency in accordance with organizational and environmental changes. Therefore, education and improvement is a continuous and planned effort by the management to improve the competency levels of employees and organizational performance (Jalil Vand, 2018).

Today, due to the necessity of social changes, the education and training system is considered one of the complex and large organizations of any country and has an inseparable link with social, economic and cultural growth and development, and has gradually changed from a simple elementary state to a complex state. Therefore, all world governments, from small and big, powerful and weak, industrial to developing, consider education and education of their people as one of their basic duties, and to make it universal, universal and mandatory, they include heavy commitments in their constitutions and fundamental laws and allocate a significant percentage of the country's gross national product and development budget to this task (Safi, 2015). It is natural to consider education as the place to produce people who build society. In order to achieve such a goal, education must have a powerful force. On the other hand, achieving the goals of the organization depends on the ability of the employees to perform the assigned tasks and adapt to the changing environment. The implementation of training and improvement of human resources allows people to effectively continue their activities and increase their efficiency in accordance with organizational and environmental changes. Therefore, training and improvement is a continuous and planned effort by the management to improve the competency levels of employees and organizational performance (Shariatmadari, 2013).

Social capital is an important resource for people and can have a great impact on their ability to act and the visible quality of their lives. The higher the social capital of a social system, the lower the costs related to these formal interactions. This shows the fact that the coordination between members of social systems based on informal norms is becoming an important issue in advanced societies and is gradually finding more important positions in modern economic models (Qalich Lee, Gholamzadeh and Imanipour, 2014). Social capital has a wide range of application and potential research, from theoretical, historical and philosophical considerations in various fields of social science and methodology related to field work to creating appropriate indicators for different conditions, problems in various fields such as family health, education, policy making, organizations. non-governmental, collective decision-making, social security and also a wide range of experimental conditions in which social capital can be studied; That is, it includes cities, villages, and different countries (Alavi, 2010). There is no doubt that human capital is of strategic importance in the success of an organization and a nation, but this capital has a higher priority when it is coherent and integrated, and this integration is created in the shadow of solidarity, cooperation, cooperation and mutual trust, and it is in this case that human capital turns into social capital, and it is this capital that causes synergy. Otherwise, even if they remain in the organization or in the country and do not escape, human capitals create negative synergy (Mirspasi, 2013). The structural element of social capital refers to the general pattern of contacts between people, that is, who you have access to and how. The most important aspects of this element are network relationships between people; network configuration; and proper organization. The cognitive element of social capital refers to the resources that provide manifestations, interpretations and interpretations and common meaning systems among groups. The most important aspects of this dimension are common language and codes, and common stories. The relational element of social capital describes the kind of personal relationships that people establish with each other because of their history of interactions. The most important aspects of this aspect of capital are: trust; Norms; requirements, expectations and identity (Qalich-Lee and Mashbaki, 2015). According to the above contents and cases, education and education must make the best use of organization and human capital in its organizational performance, like other organizations, in order to provide appropriate services at the community level.