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Factors affecting the creation of deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province

Number of pages: 149 File Format: Not Specified File Code: 29330
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Not Specified Category: Management
Tags/Keywords: Facilities - installments
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  • Summary of Factors affecting the creation of deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province

    Dissertation of master's degree in budget and financial management

    February 1390

    Abstract

      In recent years, the country's banking system has faced a significant growth in the rate of overdue and overdue receivables due to non-repayment of installments of payment facilities to customers. This issue is very important considering the young population of the country and the need to quickly return consumption resources in order to provide facilities for new projects.   The current research, which was carried out with an applied orientation, aims to investigate, explain and describe the factors affecting the creation of deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province, which has been used in a combined and combined quantitative and qualitative method. The tools of data collection in the preliminary stage were home and internet books, interviews and consultations, and in the secondary stage, researcher-made questionnaires. The statistical population of the research includes 111 experts of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province (in full) who answered 21 items (questions) completely. Cronbach's alpha method was used to explain the reliability and the obtained number is /799. For the validity of the questionnaire, the relevant experts and banking experts, supervisors and consultants have been consulted. In this research, there are three hypotheses that were tested after collecting data in the form of a questionnaire and the research hypotheses were averaged using spss software. The findings of the research have shown the confirmation of all three hypotheses and the result of the studies is that  The following factors have had an impact on the deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province, and the management of the bank should  To these factors and their management  It deserves special attention.

    Lack of adequate banking control and supervision

    Not obtaining valid guarantees and guarantors

    High interest rate of payment facilities

    Key words

    Customers: customers, installments: stillment:, bank: bank  Facilities: facilities  Pending claims: pending.lcims

    Chapter One

    General research 

    (1-1)- Introduction:

      In recent years, the country's banking system has faced a significant increase in the rate of overdue and overdue receivables due to non-repayment of installments of payment facilities to customers. The installation of the clarification software designed based on the circular of the Central Bank showed that the rate of growth of these claims has increased. Therefore, it is necessary for the banking network to think of solutions to prevent the creation of deferred installments of payment facilities, and the collection of these demands, which is one of the most central effects of  The current banking system is to try so that the banks are able to start granting new facilities for economic development from the place of receiving payment facilities. which shows the correct and fast cycle of bank resources so that as a result  The realization of such a thing is the role of the banking system in the economic development of the country, job creation, increase in the gross national product, and so on. increase, and the financial status of banks as reflected in the balance sheet and profit and loss account of Wazian Bank should be much stronger than the previous period.

    Those involved in this matter believe that the factors influencing the creation of deferred installments of facilities paid to customers are divided into internal and external factors, hence environmental developments and changes such as the closure of facilities receiving facilities due to unfavorable economic conditions have been classified as external factors because the control of these factors from The authority of the managers of the organization is outside. Although the analysis of environmental realities and the necessary foresights can reduce the destructive effects of these factors, it is not possible to achieve such a thing completely.

      The influencing factors within the organization are the factors that are rooted inside the organization and include policies,

    policies, instructions, etc. It arises, that by identifying the weak points and removing them, finally modifying the processes, its effects can be minimized.

    (1-2)- Problem Statement:

    Since the main mission of the banking system is to establish a relationship between savers and those who need banking facilities. The bank invests or grants credit for the purpose of earning profit. It also offers other financial services to its customers. And with correct planning, it causes the development and expansion of economic activities and its improvement.(Masoudi , 2017, p. 8)   On this basis, the banking system, by attracting stray capitals and properly documenting them, causes the development and expansion of economic activities and its improvement. In general, it can be said that the most important activity of banks is collecting financial resources and allocating them to different parts of the society.   In this economic process, banks should grant facilities by considering capital security. that the original sources  And the expected profit is collected within an acceptable period of time. But due to non-payment of installments of a number of facilities. Outstanding claims have become a significant figure in the banking system. Because the facilities paid are not fully paid by the borrowers and always a part of the claims is not collected. This issue has caused banks to lose part of their available resources, and face difficulties in providing facilities to applicants. Therefore, it should be adopted by changing the implementation methods and applying the appropriate methods in order to avoid the delay of bank resources compared to the return of resources. The main capital of the bank, through which it can carry out banking operations and meet the credit needs of the applicants, is the funds deposited by the people in the bank. And the more the people's deposits with the bank, the more the power and ability of the bank to grant facilities and perform activities related to banking matters increases. (Masoodi, 1387. p. 115) According to this, banks provide the required funds from people's savings, and the main source of credits granted by banks are these people's deposits. Therefore, in order to pay interest to these deposits, it requires the circulation of money. Accordingly, the granting of loans should be in such a way that in addition to the collection of the principal of the resources, the expected interest (if realized) is also returned when it can be collected. Therefore, while complying with the legal requirements, by paying facilities to customers, whether real or legal, the bank should try to prevent and reduce overdue and overdue claims due to the creation of delayed installments of payment facilities. The peak of overdue claims is past, which has appeared not only in our country but even in the advanced countries of the world. (Beta, 1388) " The comparison of the banking network in the years 1987-1984 shows the fact that although deposits and facilities have been increasing, but the increase in outstanding claims has increased by leaps and bounds compared to the other two cases. Based on the statistics of the Central Bank, the nominal amount of outstanding claims in 1987 has reached 384 thousand billion Rials, which is 6.7 times the amount of claims in 1984. et al., 89)

    Therefore, they compare the circulation of money in the banking system and economy of the country to the circulation of blood in the body of a living being. If we accept this analogy, we should compare pending claims to cancer, which is difficult to get rid of if it affects a living being. Therefore, pending claims, as one of the factors affecting the performance of the banking system, due to the expansion beyond the usual limit, banks have faced many problems such as reducing resources and reducing the provision of facilities, which leads to a gap between supply and demand. Considering the young population of the country and the need to quickly return consumer resources in order to grant new facilities, this issue is of great importance, considering the huge sources of overdue and overdue receivables, which causes investigations on the factors affecting overdue receivables due to non-recycling of the facilities granted from customers. Overall:

      The purpose of this research is to find and identify the factors within the organization that are effective in creating deferred installments   payment facilities to the customers of Bank Qavamin in Kermanshah province.

    Partial objectives:

    1-  Identifying the impact of the lack of adequate bank control and supervision in creating overdue installments. 2- Identifying the impact of not obtaining valid guarantees and guarantors in creating overdue installments. 3- Identifying the impact of the high rate of payment facilities in creating overdue installments.

  • Contents & References of Factors affecting the creation of deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province

    The first chapter of the general research - 1-7

    (1-1) – Introduction 1

    (1-2) - statement of problem 2

    (1-3) – The necessity and importance of research 3

    (1-4) – Research objectives 4

    (1-5) – Research questions 4

    (1-6) – Research hypotheses 5

    (1-7) – Definition of terms 5

    The second chapter of research theoretical literature - 8-75

    (2-1) – Introduction 9

    (2-2) – Banking History 10

    (2-2-1) – History of banking in Teran and Iran 10

    (2-2-1-1) – History of banking in the world 10

    (2-2-1-2) – History of Banking in Iran 12

    (2-2-1-2-1)- Sepeh Bank 13

    (2-2-1-2-1)- Iran Mortgage Institute 13

    (2-2-1-2-1)- National Bank 14

    (2-3)- Qavamin Bank 14

    (2-3-1) – Bank Qavamin's credit performance 14

    (2-3-2)- Main activities of Bank Qavamin 15

    (2-3-3) – Mission of Qavamin Bank 16 (2-4) - Duties and missions of banks 16 (2-5) - Distinctive features of the bank compared to other commercial institutions 17 (2-6) – Principles of bank facilities 18

    (2-6-1) – Liquidity principle 18

    (2-6-2) – Benefit principle 18

    (2-6-3) – Security principle 19

    (2-6-4)– Principle of supervision 19

    (2-7) – Allocation Principle 19

    (2-7-1) – The principle of bank allocation according to England 20

    (2-7-2) – The principle of bank allocation according to Germany 20

    (2-7-3) – The principle of bank allocation according to France 21

    (2-8) – Bank deposits 21

    (2-8-1) - Loan deposits 21

    (2-8-1-1) – Current deposits 22

    (2-8-1-2) – Savings deposits 22

    (2-8-2)- Term deposits 22

    (2-9-1)- Credit facilities 22

    (2-9-1) – Qarz al-Hasaneh 23

    (2-9-2) – Mudarabah 24

    (2-9-3) – Civil participation 24

    (2-9-4) – Legal partnership 24

    (2-9-5) – Installment sale 25

    (2-9-6) – Rent subject to possession 25

    (2-9-7) – Self transactions 25

    (2-9-7-1) – Terms of pre-sale products of Self 26 (2-9-8) – Jaala 26

    (2-9-9) – Farm 26

    (2-9-10) – Courses 27

    (2-10) – Types of facilities in terms of duration 27

    (2-10-1) – Short-term facilities 27

    (2-10-2) – Medium-term facilities 27

    (2-10-3) – Long-term facilities 28

    (2-11) – Activities related to granting credit without defects 28

    (2-12)- Supervision 28

    (2-12-1)- Organizational supervision 29

    (2-12-2)- Objectives of organizational supervision 30

    (2-12-3)- Banking supervision 30

    (2-12-3-1)- Types of banking supervision 31

    (2-12-3-2)- General supervision 31

    (2-12-3-1-1)- The role of supervision in the correct implementation of monetary policies 33

    (2-12-3-1-2)- Administrative supervision 33

    (2-12-3-1-3)- Operational supervision 33

    (2-12-3-2) – Operational monitoring steps 34

    (2-12-3-2-1) – Monitoring when reviewing requests for resource allocation 34

    (2-12-3-2) – Monitoring how to use 34

    (2-12-3-2-3) – Monitoring the return of resources and its expected benefit 34

    (2-12-4) – Objectives of banking supervision 35

    (2-13) – Basic factors and criteria for granting facilities 35

    (2-13-1) – Character 36

    (2-13-2) – Capacity 36

    (2-13-3) – Capital 36

    (2-13-4) – Bail 37

    (2-13-4-1) – Effective factors in obtaining bail 37

    (2-13-4-1-1) – Ability to implement plans 37

    (2-13-4-1-2) – Supervision of transaction 38

    (2-13-4-1-3) – Economic conditions 38

    (2-13-4-2) - Acceptable securities 38

    (2-13-4-3) – Types of securities 38

    (2-13-4-3-1)- Property 38

    (2-13-4-3-2) – Guarantee documents 40

    (2-13-4-3-3) – Types of guarantee documents 41

    (2-13-4-3-4) – Types of placements 43

    (2-14) – Risk management system and its structure in the banking system 44

    (2-14-1) – Components of risk management system 44

    (2-14-2) – Types of basic bank risks 47

    (2-14-2-1) – Operational risk 48

    (2-14-2-2) – Liquidity risk 48

    (2-14-2-3) – Market risk 48

    (2-14-2-4) – Credit risk 49

    (2-14-3)- Bank interest 53

    (2-14-3-1) – The function of interest rates in the economy 53

    (2-14-3-2) – Interest rate in conventional banking 54

    (2-14-3-3) – Interest rate determination mechanism 55 (2-14-4) - interest rate in Iran's economy 56 (2-14-5) - the effect of risk in two types of contracts, loans, usurious facilities and participation 57 (2-14-6) – The effect of the interest rate on creating deferred installments 59

    (2-15) – Validation and rating of bank customers 59

    (2-16) – Extra-organizational factors increase overdue claims 61

    (2-16-1) – Market fluctuations in the increase of inflation rate 62

    (2-16-2) – Housing 62

    (2-16-2-1) - The difference in the yield rate of housing compared to the rate of granted facilities 62

    (2-16-2-2) - The fall in the price of housing, the blocking of credits 63

    (2-16-3) – Non-competitiveness of domestic goods with foreign goods 63

    (2-16-4) – Entry of contraband 64

    (2-16-5) – Actions of Central Bank 64

    (2-16-6) – Political performance of the government 64

    (2-16-7) – Economic sanctions of the country 65

    (2-17) – Prevention of delayed installments 65

    (2-17-1) – The central role of branch officials in the withdrawal and reduction of deferred installments 66

    (2-17-2) – The role of time management in preventing and reducing deferred installments 66

    (2-17-3) – The role of negotiation in the prevention and reduction of deferred installments 67

    (2-18) - definition of terms 68

    (2-19) – Background 69

    (2-19-1) – Mr. Hashemi Nodehi – Factors affecting the creation of the contents of Bank Maskan 71

    (2-19-2) – Mr. Mehdi Akbari – Factors affecting the increase in claims of National Bank of Qom 71

    (2-19-3) – Mr. Jafar Baradi – Factors affecting the emergence of Saderat Bank's claims 71

    (2-19-4) – Mr. Alireza Rezaei Syros, facility insurance and its role in reducing 73

    Amount of outstanding bank claims

    Conceptual model 75

    Chapter 3 research method - 76-82

    (3-1) – Introduction 77

    (3-2) – Definition of variables 78

    (3-3) – Research method 78

    (3-4)- Information gathering tool 79

    (3-5)– The spatial and temporal realm of research 79

    (3-6) – Identification of variables (independent and dependent) 80

    (3-7) – The main questions intended to measure the variables 80

    (3-8) – Statistical population and statistical sample 81

    (3-9) – Reliability of measuring instrument (reliability) 81

    (3-10) – Validity of measurement (validity) 81

    (3-11) – Data analysis method 82

    The fourth chapter of data analysis - - - 83-114

    (4-1) – Introduction 84

    (4-2) – Description of general demographic data 85

    (4-2-1) – Number of respondents 85 (4-2-2) – Reliability 85

    (4-2-3) – Facility level 86

    (4-2-4) – Place of service 87

    ( 4-2-5 ) – Service record 88

    (4-3) – Description of specialized data 89

    (4-3-1) – The first hypothesis 89

    (4-3-1-1) – The effect of lack of sufficient supervision on the use of facilities, in creating deferred installments 91

    (4-3-1-2) – The effect of lack of economic justification of projects in creating deferred installments 92 (4-3-1-3)– The effect of lack of control and supervision on the branches, causing delayed installments 93

    (4-3-1-4) – The effect of not matching the payment facilities with the customers' activity, in creating deferred installments 94

    (4-3-1-5) – The effect of lack of sufficient control of documents and documents in creating deferred installments 95

    (4-3-1-6) – The effect of not identifying bad account customers in creating deferred installments 96

    (4-3-1-7) – The effect of insufficient supervision on the progress of projects, in creating deferred installments 97

    (4-3-2) – The second hypothesis 98

    (4-3-2-1) – The effect of not paying attention to the social and judicial conditions of the guarantors in creating deferred installments 99

    (4-3-2-2) – The effect of not obtaining a set of guarantees in creating deferred installments 100

    (4-3-2-3) – The effect of not using employees as guarantors in creating deferred installments 101

    (4-3-2-4) – The effect of the insufficient ability of guarantee documents, in creating deferred installments 102

    (4-3-2-5) – The effect of the non-cooperation of the departments issuing the letter of commitment in creating deferred installments 104

    (4-3-2-7) – The effect of guarantors' lack of financial ability in creating deferred installments 105

    (4-3-3) - hypothesis number three 106

    (4-3-3-1)– the effect of granting facilities with high interest rates to indifferent people in creating deferred installments 107

    (4-3-3-2)– The effect of granting facilities with a high interest rate to debtors in creating deferred installments 108

    (4-3-3-3) – The effect of customers' financial disobedience in paying installments in creating deferred installments 109

    (4-3-3-4) – The effect of customer dissatisfaction with the high rate of granting facilities in the creation of deferred installments 110

    (4-4) - hypothesis test 111

    (4-4-1) – The first hypothesis 111

    (4-4-2) – The second hypothesis 112

    (4-4-3) – The third hypothesis 113

    (4-5) – Prioritizing assumptions 114

    Chapter 5 Conclusions and suggestions - 115-125

    (5-1) – Introduction 116

    (5-2) – Summary of research 117

    (5-3) – Hypotheses and research results 118

    (5-3-1) First hypothesis 118

    (5-3-2) – The second hypothesis 120

    (5-3-3) – The third hypothesis 121

    (5-4) – Comparison of research results with other researches 122

    (5-4) – Research proposals 123

    (5-4-1) – Research proposals to improve the method based on research results 123

    (5-4-2) – Experimental suggestions of research 125 (3-5-5) - Research suggestions of research 125 (5-5) - Limitations of research 125 - Sources of appendices 127

Factors affecting the creation of deferred installments of Bank Qavamin of Kermanshah province
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