Discipline: Executive Management
Abstract
Introduction and Research Objective: Outsourcing means finding new service providers and new methods that can be entrusted with the provision of materials, goods, components and services. In fact, outsourcing provides an opportunity for an organization to acquire expertise, knowledge and capabilities available outside its borders. Outsourcing requires the handing over of production factors, resources used in doing a job, and the right to make a decision or the responsibility to make a decision. Today, outsourcing can be useful and effective to satisfy customers and meet their demands and needs, therefore, on this basis, Iran's National Oil Products Distribution Company has outsourced a part of its services and support factors to improve performance, reduce costs, and reform the organizational structure. In this research, the effectiveness of outsourcing in Iran's National Oil Products Distribution Company in 2013 has been studied. The research method is descriptive-field and the data collection tool is using a questionnaire and spss software and T-Test are used for data analysis. Findings show that outsourcing speeds up work, better control of activities, increases service quality, uses the technical skills of others, frees up capital, and saves managers' time. The results of this research show that, based on research hypotheses using the balanced scorecard model, the effectiveness of outsourcing the activities of the National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company is more in terms of growth and learning, but in terms of financial funds, internal processes and customers, it is less than the growth and learning aspect, which can be increased by forming a database, mechanism and standard indicators for choosing the right contractors, selecting activities for outsourcing and continuous evaluations, and increasing the effectiveness of outsourcing on these funds.
Key words: outsourcing, services of National Iranian Petroleum Products Distribution Company, effectiveness, National Iranian Petroleum Products Distribution Company
Chapter One
Generalities of the research
1-1-Statement of the problem
Globalization, outsourcing, competitive pressure and labor renewal are all business realities of the 21st century (Drezner[1], 2004, Angardio[2] 2006, Brenner[3], 2003). Outsourcing is the reality that businesses use by It reduces costs and achieves more profit with less labor (Griffiths and Home[4], 2004). We live in an information society, a society where people have access to information at the same speed as their leaders. We live in the era of specialized and distributed markets, in these markets, customers have high-quality goods and services and the existence of a variety of options. They have a habit. Due to this atmosphere, institutions is to be extremely flexible and adaptable, produce quality goods and be responsive to their customers (Osburn and Gabler [5], 1991). In the past, the key to success was being massive, but Nowadays, the importance of high quality is increasing One of the solutions to achieve these successes is outsourcing. In the past, outsourcing was used when organizations could not perform well, were weak in competition, had reduced capacity, faced financial difficulties, or were technologically backward and failed. Today, organizations that are quite successful also use this tool to restructure their organizations, and the managers of these organizations have understood this issue as a vital issue that it is necessary to create key capabilities to meet customer needs, and they should strive in this way.In order to continue living with growth, effective use of resources and integration with the environment is necessary, and to achieve this, coherent planning and setting strategic goals are needed. During the strategic planning process, companies know the key products, customer markets for these products, key manufacturing processes and material suppliers. In line with its strategic plans, Iran's National Oil Products Distribution Company provides part of its services including: transportation, cleaning, repairs, and computer-related matters to the contractor. has handed over In this thesis, it is tried to investigate and research the performance of the mentioned company based on balanced scorecard. Outsourcing[6] is an essential feature of organizational restructuring that has dramatically changed the traditional boundaries of organizations. Outsourcing can be called "one of the biggest structural shifts in the organization and industry in the century." Regarding outsourcing and its effects, Peter Drucker says: "Such a matter is actually a fundamental change in the structure of organizations in the world tomorrow." This means that it is no longer required that large commercial companies, Government departments, Hospitals and large universities should become organizations that employ a large number of people. Such institutions become organizations that get great incomes and significant results, because they focus only on the activities for which they have been given a mission, They do things that are exactly related to their organizational goals. The work they know well and are familiar with its details, and they pay their executors according to their value and credit, the rest of the service work of such organizations is left to external institutions (Bran and Wilson 2, 2005). It will be given.
1-2- Necessity and importance of research
What necessities did the companies that looked for others to carry out part of their operational processes feel? The answer to this question seems very clear at first. But a little reflection on these necessities clarifies the following basic points. If, for any reason, factors outside the company can handle each step of the value chain while maintaining other factors such as quality, performance, delivery conditions, customization at a lower cost, outsourcing is a wise practice. It seems that the only reason for turning to outsourcing should be looked for in the economic field. But can it be claimed that all suitable situations and all profits and losses can be identified by company managers at any moment and we always make and make the best choices in this field. If this is the case, how can the positive impact of management change be interpreted in some cases in companies? The examination of various companies and enterprises that have undergone fundamental changes with the change of management indicates that all managers have not always had full knowledge and understanding of the profit or loss factors of the enterprise. The answer to the question of whether the company can recognize the economic advantage of all stages of its value chain activities and, if necessary, leave a part of it to others, requires knowledge of the specific conditions of the company's field of activity, familiarity with internal capabilities, identification of position and market variables, recognition of operations that make up the value chain and economic factors. But in some cases, it can be seen that a company insists on carrying out a specific activity in its value chain and in fact continues to operate in the general structure, in a situation where there are no economic reasons for this orientation. Based on studies carried out in different countries and companies, the outsourcing association has listed various reasons for outsourcing as follows (Seyd Javadin and Hassan Qalipour, 1390, pp. 11-17):
1- Reducing and controlling operating costs
2- Improving organizational focus on special issues
3- Achieving capabilities that place the organization among top companies.