Feasibility study and design of a model for the creation of radio and television pluralism in Iran according to the requirements of the vision document of the Islamic Republic of Iran

PhD Dissertation in Media Management

March 1390

Abstract:

  Today, technological developments in media fields and access to satellite networks and the arrival of audio-visual media based on the Internet have caused  is to challenge the efficiency and effectiveness of the exclusive structure of the current radio-television media in the country, moreover, with the passage of a third of a century since the Islamic Revolution, the need to provide a visual media system model – Listening to the ideals of the Islamic Revolution, the Constitution and the requirements of the vision document of the Islamic Republic of Iran is felt more than ever, hence the presentation of the model of the radio system –  Efficient and desirable television is one of the priorities for the country. Feasibility of creating a plurality of radio and television, in order to transition from the existing exclusive media structure in the field of visual media – Listening is the goal that this research seeks to fulfill.

In this research, which was conducted with the method of grounded theory and discourse analysis, first the basics, necessities and obstacles of media pluralism were examined, and then in interviews with former and current officials of the research field, to explain the issue, to determine the ideal model and methods of creating radio pluralism – Television in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been discussed.

The results of this research in the form of a paradigm model composed of five components of the phenomenon, which includes the ideal model of audiovisual media in the system  The Islamic Republic consists of public service radio and television (revised Broadcasting Organization) and private radio and television networks.

In the second part, the paradigm of the causes and necessities of the creation of radio and television pluralism is examined and presented in the form of a model. The third part of the results of this research deals with presenting the background and areas of success of private radio and television, and next to that, the strategies for creating radio and television pluralism are presented in the form of a road map.

Finally, the consequences of the plurality of radio and television in the country in the interactive media model in seven areas of economy, political power, security, ideology, subcultures, audience  Vanhad Hanar has been investigated.

Key words: radio pluralism -  Television, media model, visual media system - listening, de-monopoly, creation of private radio and television in Iran

Chapter 1 generalities and introduction

1 Statement of the problem

Technological developments in the media fields and access to satellite networks and the arrival of audio-visual media based on the Internet have caused  is to challenge the effectiveness and effectiveness of the country's current radio-television media monopoly structure, and a significant part of the citizens will be attracted to unofficial media and satellite television networks.

In addition, with the passage of a third of a century in the life of the Islamic Republic of Iran system and having gone through numerous crises and threats in various political, economic, military and security fields, now the Islamic Republic has to gain a reliable position and reliance in the international system and realize the goals of the 20-year vision document of Iran. 1404 based on the acquisition of "the first place in the Walham region of the Islamic world, and with an Islamic and revolutionary identity". (Leadership position, 1382), it is necessary to draw structural models in various fields of the system. Iranian progress by the leader of the revolution (1390) is also an emphasis on the issue that without drawing patterns, models and desirable structures and moving in the direction of realizing these patterns, it is not possible to achieve a position that fits the needs and capabilities of the country in the future. Among them, the media model is one of the most important structures that, in addition to directly influencing the field of culture, also affects other fields such as the fields of economics, politics, diplomacy and It strongly affects national security.

More than 85 years have passed since 1926 when Brett[1] first unveiled a television set at the Royal Society of England. The history of television entering Iran goes back to 53 years ago, although the private sector brought television into Iran and the first television channel in Iran was established by Habibullah Thabit Pasal, but after a few years and the government became familiar with the importance and dimensions of this media, television became national in Iran and there is no private radio-television in Iran since forty years ago.

Government monopoly in radio and television during the time before the revolution was in the form of the government and the law approved by the National Assembly. After the revolution, according to the official interpretation of Article 44 of the Constitution, radio and television became a monopoly of the government, but now official and unofficial authorities, considering the widespread use of satellites and the sharp growth of the audience of satellite channels, have examined the breaking of the monopoly of state radio-television.

The need to break the monopoly of sound and In order to meet the unfulfilled needs and expectations of Iranian citizens, CIMA is one of the issues mentioned in most of the studies of relevant authorities, for example, it is stated in the official report of the Research Center of the Islamic Council: "Preventing the launch of satellite TV, considering the design of diverse and numerous internet sites, cannot be a deterrent." be effective in communicating with the domestic audience, especially the young people of Iran with a high tendency towards the Internet. Advancing development projects in deprived and border areas in different dimensions and raising the hope index in them, which of course, by not expressing the facts and problems are completely different, can destroy the capacity of the western media to advertise and promote divergence and social protest areas such as poverty, insecurity, inflation, unemployment, traffic, etc.

It is recommended to avoid excessive threats in the activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and Persian-language satellite televisions and to grant them permission to operate within the framework of the constitution along with maintaining the necessary vigilance to avoid possible threats from these media and institutions in the field of political and social security. (Majlis Research Center, 2018)

Unfortunately, despite the obvious weaknesses of the Persian satellite networks from a technical and artistic point of view, the lack of identity and the extreme weakness of the television studios, only because of the use of the vacuum in the Persian television networks, the performance of these networks has been associated with relative success. Radio and Television with more than 30,000 personnel and an annual budget of more than 1,000 billion tomans.

It is worth pondering that foreign television channels seem to focus mainly on weakening the institution of the family and shaking the moral values ??and cultural norms of the society. These networks have formed and because of the ban on entering these issues in radio and television productions, they are practically alien networks in an attractive field and the attention of the audience, and it is natural that they will be successful in carrying out the mission assigned by their hosts. 2013 was conducted in relation to the viewers of satellite channels in 31 provincial capitals of the country, which contain about 60% of the country's population, and it is included in this research for the first time. The most important motivations of those who watch satellite channels are, respectively: diversity, attractiveness of movies, cheerfulness and entertainment, and speed of news coverage. 33% expressed interest in watching satellite programs in the extreme and very much and 32% in the extreme and very little extent. 35 percent are not at all interested in watching these channels. 58 percent of respondents do not watch satellite channels at all. While 42 percent are viewers of satellite programs. Satellite viewers watch satellite programs for an average of about 3 hours every day.

  The most important and favorite formats of satellite viewers are, respectively: movies and series, TV shows, competitions and entertainment, sports programs, political news and analysis, music and art, and scientific programs.