Evaluation of information technology relationship with individual and organizational performance of government organizations

Thesis‌ Master's thesis in the field of public administration, transformation trend

February 2010

Abstract:

One of the topics that has been the subject of many books and articles in the last few decades is dealing with the issue of information technology and its role in the organization. Information technology can be a double-edged sword. Source technology  There have been many advantages, but it has also created new opportunities to break the law or take benefits away from others. By understanding this, organizations should be able to identify the advantages and take more advantage of them so that the performance of the organization is increased and the dangers of using technology and avoid it in order to prevent the decrease in performance.

This research was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between information technology and the individual and organizational performance of the government organizations of Nowshahr city, by choosing the governorship and forestry organizations as a case study. In this research, we tried to identify the existing models in the field of information technology and performance, and after evaluating and examining the strengths and weaknesses of each model, the most suitable model was selected as the conceptual model of the research. The research has 2 main hypotheses and 8 sub-hypotheses. The statistical population in this research was 300 people, and a total of 100 questionnaires were delivered and collected to the statistical sample, and the same number was included in the analysis of the action criteria. Statistical investigations were carried out using the appropriate statistical method and with the help of SPSS software. The obtained results show that the hypotheses were all confirmed. Chapter 1: Generalities and research design. Introduction: The history of information technology shows that the history of using information technology goes back to the times when people used tools such as fire, smoke or flags to constantly exchange news and information. But what is desired from this concept today is advanced electronic equipment for information exchange.

Alvin Toffler presents the emergence of information technology in human life in an interesting way. He believes that if we divide the past 50,000 years of human life into 800 periods, each period of 62 years, man has spent 650 periods in caves, and during 70 periods, he has been able to communicate with others only effectively, and during the last six periods, he has witnessed a printed word, and in the last two periods, he has been able to measure time, and in the last period, he has used a computer and witnessed information technology (Kanter, 1987).

Background Computer means both abacus and calculators. But in a special sense, it means digital computers that appeared in the 1940s. The first digital computer was a computer named Mark 1 built by a group of IBM engineers in 1944, and then in 1947 a computer named FNIAC and in 1951 the first commercial computer named Univae 1 was delivered to the United States Statistics Center. The advancement of computer technology, the increase in processing speed and the cheapening and shrinking of computers in terms of volume all made organizations tend to use computers and in the decade 1970, the amount of six hundred thousand computers to two million in 1981  It happened that 1982 was declared the year of information technology.

Nowadays, almost every relatively advanced organization uses computer systems to perform its tasks; Therefore, at this time, information technology and management and the role they play in individual and organizational performance have become very important, and perhaps exorbitant amounts of money are allocated by organizations for this. The relationship between information technology and individual and organizational performance has been done. And the definitive answer to the question of whether information technology affects individual and organizational performance remains unanswered.

Experts in the definition of information system say: an information system collects, stores and distributes information from the organization's environment and its internal operations to support organizational functions and decision-making, communication, coordination, control, analysis and visualization. Information systems are part of a series of value-adding activities for absorbing, transforming and disseminating information in order to improve management decision-making and raise the level of organizational performance..

Investment for establishing information systems is very high. Usually, the forces required to run and maintain the system are: computer center manager, system analyst, programmers, operators, staff responsible for input/output information, quality control, information preparation, and other support staff. For such a heavy investment, there can only be one goal, and that is to increase individual and organizational performance.

Information technology can be a double-edged sword. Source technology  There have been many advantages, but it has also created new opportunities to break the law or take benefits away from others. By understanding this, organizations should be able to identify the advantages and make more use of it so that the performance of the organization increases and also know the risks of using technology and avoid it in order to prevent the decrease in performance.

Government organizations of Nowshahr city are not exempt from this problem because the managers found the presence of information technology in these organizations as a necessity and have made a lot of investments in this field. Now the question is that  To what extent has the budget and resources spent in this sector been effective in the performance of government organizations? Has the investment been effective and efficient? Are the users satisfied with this technology and is the organization successful in obtaining the highest profit from IT? What effect does the use of IT have on the performance of the organization's employees? and describe the individual and organizational performance in these organizations and explain its problems and inadequacies and find a solution to solve these problems. 2-1 Research Necessity: Nowadays, the study of information systems in government organizations is becoming more important due to its greater investment and use in government organizations. Although the study of information systems in government organizations is in the beginning of the theories of government affairs and government management, a series of studies titled the literature of government information management focusing on investment in information systems in government organizations started in 1980. Through these studies, it can be seen that most of the studies are descriptive. (Bozeman & Bretschneider, 1986; Stevens & McGowan, 1985) This research contributes to a part of this literature from a theoretical point of view.

On the other hand, this research also contributes to the applied part of public administration. Government managers are always challenged in the information age. Their most important and fundamental challenge is how to evaluate the success of the information system, how to justify the allocation of government resources to these systems, and whether they are sure that the success of the system positively affects individual and organizational performance. The results of this research can help managers in relation to the challenges of the information age and especially in obtaining the answer to the question of whether the success of the system positively affects individual and organizational performance.

Regarding the fact that this research was not tested in the government organizations of Nowshahr city, conducting this research can also help the managers of government organizations in Nowshahr city to have more knowledge about information technology and its impact on individual and organizational performance and in the macro decisions of the organization regarding the use and investment in technology. information, make better decisions.

3-1 Research objectives:

Main objective:

1. Determining the impact of information technology on the organization's performance

2. Determining the impact of information technology on the performance of the final consumer

Sub-goal:

Determining the impact of system quality on the performance of end users

Determining the impact of system quality on the performance of the organization

Determining the impact of information quality on the performance of the end user

Determining the impact of information quality on the performance of the organization

Determining the impact of user satisfaction on the performance of the end user

Determining the impact of information technology on the performance of the end user The effect of users' satisfaction on the organization's performance 4-1 Research assumptions: Main assumptions: 1. Information technology has a positive effect on the individual performance of the end user of Nowshahr government organizations. 2. Information technology has a positive effect on the organizational performance of government organizations in Nowshahr