Master's thesis in the field of educational sciences, educational planning trend
December 2013
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the feasibility of product-oriented skill training in the country. It was done by answering three questions, identifying the opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of product-oriented skill training and examining the most important needs and requirements of the model of training, production, marketing and sales from the perspective of executive managers. The present research is a descriptive method – Navigation is done. The study population included all the executive managers of the product-oriented skill training project in the country in the number of 635 people, based on Cochran's formula, 239 people were selected as a sample. The questionnaire was quantitative. To analyze the data from the SWOT technique to explain the weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities has been used . Central tendency indices were used to analyze the data, and Friedman test was used to rank the components. The findings of the research showed that the indicators affecting opportunities are economic, political and social indicators, and the index of scientific centers is the most effective indicator in threats. On the other hand The index affecting strength is human power and the index affecting weakness is economic weakness. In addition, there are the most important needs and weaknesses in the production and sales sector. All in all, due to the proper training and marketing that takes place, given that there are deficiencies in a limited number of components in the process. There is production and sale, the possibility of this plan exists in the provinces of the country in general. Also, if this project is implemented correctly, It is expected that job applicants will be organized and job opportunities with the participation of the private sector and with the support and guidance of the technical and vocational education organization will reduce hidden unemployment in the society and also by providing training based on the work environment and increasing the self-confidence of the trainees due to facing the real work environment, it will increase the educational effectiveness and empower the trainees in the society. Sales
1-1- Introduction
Education is a tool for training skilled manpower and meeting the needs of society. Learning skills is done especially in technical and vocational training, and providing appropriate training that both improves the theoretical ability of trainees and teaches them practical skills is an important issue that technical and vocational centers are facing (Nejati, 2013).
It is a modern training in this field, so that trainees acquire skills in a dynamic educational environment (Latifinejad, Yazd Chasti, 2013).
Nowadays, compared to the past, the knowledge and skills required to produce various products change at a faster rate. This is also true for technical and professional training because different technologies are constantly emerging and the technical knowledge of producing different products as well as the way of providing services to customers is changing. On the other hand, some simple tasks gradually become more complex and require learning multiple skills. Although this increasing complexity provides a higher level of well-being for users and facilitates human life by creating new technologies, it has brought requirements that include the training of skilled and elite technicians and specialists. Specialists who can handle complex tasks and meet the various needs of the society as skillfully as possible (Razavi, 2012). Manpower Needed by communities in the form of education technical and professional from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, the attention of many countries of the world was placed Following the scientific and industrial progress after the Second World War, this training expanded unprecedentedly. As far as UNESCO One of the development indicators The existence of training mentioned technical and vocational education in the country and after that the development of technical and vocational education programs was one of the goals of most countries.In other words, the development of the industry, agriculture and service sectors in any country depends on the training of skilled and efficient human resources in technical fields. And it is professional. For this reason, technical and professional trainings have become increasingly important, and naturally, the orientation of educational systems requires development towards These trainings are targeted (Navidi, 1382).
The generality and expansion of educational centers, especially the development of technical and professional training centers It is one of the prominent features of the modern world. And in a sense, one of the characteristics of globalization. Technical training Professionalism is the main need of our age and without addressing its various aspects, economic and industrial growth and prosperity will be far from reach. Today, technical and professional education is considered as a lifelong and continuous education in the world (Salehi, 2013).
The importance and necessity of developing technical and professional education as one of the branches of development and means of realizing economic, social and cultural development programs in the country is not hidden from anyone. Surveys show that currently a high percentage of the world's population is being trained in these centers, and the demand and level of coverage of these trainings is also significant, especially in Iran.
Reflection on the process and state of growth and expansion of technical and vocational training courses in Iran, especially after the Islamic Revolution of Iran (1357), indicates its importance and necessity for Iran's economic and social system (Vadadhir, 1383).
Technical and vocational training to As one of the important solutions and tools in empowering ((human capital)), one of the strategic priorities for the excellence of our country
According to economic theories, human capital plays an important role in economic growth. Human capital and human resources development training programs as one of the most important factors of economic and social development Every country is considered (Salehi Omran, 2015).
What ultimately determines the character and process of economic and social development of a country is its human resources and not its capital and material resources. For example, Professor Harbison believes that human resources form the main basis of the wealth of nations. Clearly, a country that cannot skills and develop the knowledge of its people and use it effectively in the national economy, it will not be able to develop anything else (Amiri, 2004).
The main idea of ??the human capital theory is based on the fact that investment in human resources increases the production capacity of people and ultimately improves the growth of the economy (Aghaei, Reza Qolizadeh, Bagheri 2013).
Economists such as Schultz and Becker, who They developed and developed human capital and analyzed it, they considered education and vocational training as a type of investment that will provide benefits in the form of additional income for educated people and for society in the future (Woodhall, quoted by Amin, 1380). On the other hand, As a result of education, human resources can acquire the necessary knowledge and skills and become one of the most important factors in economic growth. have a significant role in development. Considering that education increases the productivity of the labor force and its ability to innovate on the one hand, and on the other hand, Facilitates the dissemination of knowledge, it is considered as one of the main components of human capital (Shahbazi, Hosni 2013).
Education turns a person into a human capital that includes the skills needed for the traditional and modern sectors of the economy and increases the productive power of individuals. Both technical and general education through creating the ability to increase the productive power of the population and to Also, studies have shown that education increases the level of productivity and productivity of the workforce, and increasing productivity also has an effect on economic growth and development. (Park, 2006). At the micro level of investing in people, productivity and production capacity It raises him and this increases his salary and income. At the macro level, increasing productivity as a result of education has helped economic growth and the process of Facilitates development (Farjadi, 1383).
Adam Smith " The famous classic economist believes: training people is actually a kind of Invest in them. With education, people will become more capable and the development of their capabilities will not only make them earn more, but society will also benefit from investing in them (Emadzadeh 2014).